Knowledge of Yi Wine Culture

We, the Yi people, are big on wine. As the saying goes, a man is worth a horse, and a horse is worth a cup of wine. There is no wine in the world. Wine to pass God, is the clan New Year's festivals, sacrifices to ancestors, pray for blessing tribute, the following to understand the Yi wine culture.

The Yi people take wine as a precious thing, and wine is a necessary gift for welcoming guests and hospitality, festivals, weddings, funerals, visiting friends and relatives, and Bimo rituals, etc. Meanwhile, it is accompanied by rich meat, which is used to warmly treat the guests. Yi proverb: "bacon tasteless, add salt to the guests to eat; buckwheat wine is not fragrant, add honey to the guests to drink". People who have been to the Yi countryside can appreciate, Zhaojue Yi is extremely hospitable. When the guests enter the door, the host will let the guests sit on the seat next to the fire, put out the fragrant wine, please drink a few mouths first, the host family and guests **** drink. The Yi people praised the banquet by saying, "The wine altar is placed like a red rock, and the toasts are shuttled like bees." "The flower cup is like a magpie, the black cup is like a crow, and the white cup is like a butterfly.

For each occasion, the wine has its own special name. For example: "civilian farming wine, please help wine; family wine, harmony and unity wine; relatives and friends wine, greetings to each other wine; dispute mediation wine, 'Degu' elders wine; young man wine, brave and good wine; daughter of the girl wine, able to skillful hand wine. Welcome guests hospitality wine, good luck wine ......"

In the high-profile hospitality ceremonies, generally kill cows, goats, pigs, chickens and drinking culture into one, which has dedicated "Zhe Bu" (group bowl of wine) ceremony, this ceremony for special rituals. The ceremony is a special one. The master of the family sent a toast, the first eight bowls of white wine, a bowl of liquor and a bowl of water put on the top of a piece of white cloth on the lacquer "Zhe body" (wooden plate), such as the master of the Yi Qu Nei line, the toast in hand "Zhe body" clockwise rotation to the last VIP If the master is from the Guhou lineage, the toaster will rotate in a clockwise direction to the top, and the guest of honor will gently place the "Zhe body" on the ground to enjoy it after receiving the "Zhe cloth". In accordance with the rules of the Yi people to enjoy "Zhe Bu" (group bowl of wine), the first choice of "Zhe body" on a bowl of water to rinse their mouths, "Zhe body" on the "Zhe Bu" one by one to drink. After rinsing your mouth with a bowl of water, you will drink all of the "zheb" on the "zheb". If a person can not finish drinking, can be passed around to fellow guests to drink, if a person can drink it all is said to be the amount of sea, respect. In this ceremony, the host and guests onlookers, if not in accordance with the traditional rules of drinking shame. VIP drink according to the rules of "Zhe Bu", according to the reason for this special hospitality, guests to the host family gifts, gifts (silver ingots or cash) should be placed in the "Zhe body" on the white cloth to pass to the toast "Zhe Bu "The master of the house receives the gift from the guest of honor.

Zhaojue Yi people in order to express the sincere feelings, in not ready to do when the meal on the offer of wine, and then do the food and wine. The Yi people's food and wine is very elaborate, often according to the situation of the guests to prepare different dishes, general guests to kill chickens to entertain, and ask the elders to look at the chicken tongue, to see how the guest's future. For more important guests, they have to kill sheep and pigs. When the most honorable guests come, they must kill a cow to entertain them. No matter what kind of livestock, poultry, before slaughtering, the object to be slaughtered to the guests in front of the eye, indicating that "guests drink slowly, good wine and good food is still to come!" At this point, the host and the guests talk to each other, toast and greet each other, and play freely. Here is full of hosts and guests to express the sincere feelings of wine, there are bold words, there are also soft words, from which you feel the charm of Zhaojue Yi wine culture.

The most wonderful and scientific is the Yi wine pot. Its production is unique and exquisite, the wisdom of the Yi people, aesthetic ability to melt in the wine pot, named "Salbo". The shape is both flat and round, all of which are capped. From the surface, it seems to be seamless, and it is not easy to find even the place where the wine is mixed. The pot shape variations, wine from the bottom of the pot into the mixing, mixing full of not add plugs also do not seal, from the waist of the pot diagonally inserted a thin bamboo tube straight through the bottom of the pot, the other end of the exposed ten centimeters or so of the bamboo tube for sucking, the bottom of the center of the left mixed with a small hole in the wine, mixed with wine and then poured to discuss to be able to use the bottom of the small hole drops of wine does not leakage. The main intention of this modeling is to reduce and control the dissemination of wine gas, so that the wine for a long time to maintain the original flavor. Small wine pot modeling of the wonderful, rare in the world.

In fact, "Salbo" this special function of the shape, now seems to have no mystery, as long as the people who have studied physics, a little thought will know that this is a clever use of the principle of atmospheric pressure. When we slowly pour wine into the "Salbo", the air inside the pot is gradually discharged, and when it is full of wine, there is almost no air inside the pot (the straw goes into the bottom of the pot, and no air will leak into the pot). In this way, the outside of the atmospheric pressure will come in handy, will be "Salbo" is placed, originally the wine inside the pot due to gravity, the bottom of the pot at the hole in the atmospheric pressure and the wine by gravity formed a pair of balanced forces, the wine in the pot is obediently sealed by the air. But if the force to make the wine pot touch or shake up and down naturally will make a small amount of wine in the pot was shaken out, therefore, later in order to avoid this phenomenon, and from the wine mixing hole at the increase of a thin bamboo tube to the top of the pot, wine is along the tube and up, out of the top of the pot, back to the bottom of the pot, the bamboo tube plays a role in the you can not see and does not seal the ingenious. The bamboo tube plays an ingenious role as an insurance policy that you can't see but is not sealed. Inside, it forms a special structure of two bamboo tubes intersecting diagonally. The entire structure of the jug, in addition to the two bamboo tubes, is made of the upper and lower wooden tires left in the mouth of the male and female mortise and tenon interlocking wooden tires. And then use the plaster to scrape the gap flat after paint, from the appearance of the two wooden tires can not be seen traces of together.

The history of mankind knows that the atmospheric pressure is not long, and the Yi ancestors can skillfully use the principle of atmospheric pressure with their own wisdom to make such a magical wine tool has to be admired. The appearance according to the characteristics of its shape, and then painted with the corresponding color lacquer pattern, making it more colorful and beautiful.

With the rich culture of wine vessels, it is also necessary to have a profound wine culture to reflect.

The Yi people have a mysterious history and splendid culture, is a revered wine nation, their proverbs in one of the most classic is: "Han's tea, Yi wine", see the wine in the Yi compatriots in the mind of the status. The status of wine in the minds of Yi people can be seen from the fact that wine is indispensable for weddings and funerals as well as for daily life. The traditional brewing of the Yi is divided into three categories: sweet wine, similar to the Han Chinese mash; white wine, that is, distilled spirits; soaking wine, fermented by high-quality grains mixed with wine quartz turned into the altar, sealed for several months after the seepage of clean water and soaked and become, commonly known as "altar wine", "rod rod wine", It is commonly known as "Tan Tan Liquor", "Pole Pole Liquor", and "Smack Liquor". The function of wine is like the "omnipotent" treasure: welcoming and honoring guests, celebrating and entertaining, making friends, mediating disputes, worshipping ancestors, and mourning the dead. Liangshan Yi drinking custom is unique, no comparison: firstly, the form of the occasion, object, use, conditions; secondly, the order of the first senior after the elders, the first guest after the host, the first wine after the meal. The Yi people are especially prevalent in the "drinking widow wine", drinking and chatting, the atmosphere is warm, song and wine and present, the interest mingled; see the people have a share of the ground into a circle, a person a mouth, in turn to drink, commonly known as the "turn around the wine".

The Yi toast is not a toast, and it is not forced. "The last mouthful of wine is left for the host to drink, indicating that the host's family has wine every year and is rich and healthy. "There is wine not exhausted, to have a future day." In the Liangshan area, the Yi people robes for the guests who come to the door, the door three cups of wine, drink and say. Drink a full face of red light, the master is considered satisfied. The Yi family treats guests with wine first, and can use a cup of wine to settle any big or small matters. The wine carries the culture of the Yi people for thousands of years, and contains the good wishes of the Yi compatriots for their guests, so can you be embarrassed not to drink?

The Yi compatriots emphasize wine and wine, and the wine culture is rich and colorful, unique, from the history of wine, production, function, to the production of wine drinking customs, drinking ideas, etc., can reflect the long history of the Yi people, unique customs, bold character and lifestyle, close to them, you can appreciate the wine culture that the people of the Central Plains can not experience, and at the same time, you can appreciate the culture of wine vessels that we don't see much. At the same time, we can also appreciate the wine culture that we don't often see. Approaching them, we are more able to appreciate the way of life of the Yi people, and the wine culture of the Yi people is really an important and indispensable part of the treasure house of national culture.

The traditional drinking style of the Yi people is to drink without a dry cup. The traditional way of drinking in the house is to sit around the fire, drink wine, talk about things, and chat about nothing. Those who are addicted to alcohol can drink more, while those who do not know how to drink can drink less or not drink at all, but the cup must be passed on. The hosts never force their guests to drink more. "A wine, a cup of wine to express the love. Generally ten pounds of five pounds of wine, a hundred pounds of thousand pounds of wine is also a wine. It doesn't matter how much you drink." This shows that the Yi wine culture is interesting and colorful.