How to compile school-based teaching materials for table tennis.

Foreword:

Table tennis is a sport that integrates fitness, competition and entertainment. It has high exercise value. Table tennis, as a whole-body sport, its unique characteristics of high speed and diversity determine that participants can benefit from the following aspects: First, the muscles and joints of the whole body can move, thus improving the movement speed and the activity ability of upper and lower limbs. Second, it is very effective to cultivate the ability of reaction, sensitivity, coordination and operational thinking. Secondly, because of its obvious competitive characteristics and entertainment functions, it has become an effective exercise to cultivate brave, tenacious, witty and decisive qualities, maintain youthful vitality and regulate nerves. As a Japanese explained: "Table tennis will become the first sport in 2 1 century. For those who want to stay young, stay healthy and avoid unfortunate accidents, it is undoubtedly a pleasure to increase their interest in table tennis. " Table tennis is increasingly regarded as an excellent means to enhance intelligence, improve work efficiency and health care, medical treatment and rehabilitation, and has attracted the attention of all parties. An American scientist said, "If time permits and there is a suitable opponent as a sparring partner, then playing table tennis is the best way to improve hand-eye coordination. This sport can benefit you a lot. It requires agile and complex movements and decisive response. There are also many subtleties, such as technology, overall coordination, sense of rhythm, strategy, etc., which have high requirements for both mind and physical fitness. When expectation and pressure coexist, the competition will fully reflect your extraordinary spirit of self-improvement and self-discipline. Playing table tennis is a good way to use your brain. "

Because of these characteristics and exercise value of table tennis, table tennis players and fans of this sport can gradually form good psychological quality and surpass ordinary people in other aspects. According to psychologists' research on the psychological quality of outstanding children table tennis players in some provinces and cities in China, the results show that they generally have higher intelligence level, better operational ability than ordinary students, stable mood, strong self-confidence, independence, and thinking agility, and the development of intelligence factors and personality factors is coordinated. In short, table tennis does have some unique functions that other sports do not have, which will benefit participants for life.

Directory:

First, an overview of table tennis

Second, the grip method, position and preparation posture

Third, the basic footwork

Fourth, block the ball flat.

Five, push the ball (backhand fast push)

Six, near Taiwan forehand attack

Seven, parallel movement and left push right attack.

The forehand serves the backspin and the forehand and backhand rubs.

Nine, serve, receive the ball up and down.

Ten, forehand pull loop ball

First, an overview of table tennis

Table tennis is a kind of ball game. Two or two pairs of players hit the balls at both ends of the table with rackets, and there is a net in the middle of the table. The ball is made of celluloid, with a diameter of 40 mm and a weight of 2.65-2.80 g. Table tennis is characterized by small ball, high speed, many kinds, strong interest, simple equipment, wide adaptability, high exercise value and easy development and popularization. Regular participation in this exercise can develop people's sensitivity and coordination, improve the speed of exercise and the ability of upper and lower limbs, improve cardiovascular function, enhance physical fitness, and cultivate people's qualities such as courage, tenacity, wit and decisiveness.

Brief introduction and development direction of table tennis

Table tennis originated in England at the end of 19 and is popular in Europe. Tennis is the predecessor of table tennis. The ball made of celluloid appears around 1900.

The development history of table tennis technology, in a sense, advances in the process of constant innovation of racket tools, which makes the balls compete with each other in speed and rotation. From 65438 to 0988, table tennis was included in the official Olympic Games, which greatly promoted the further development of table tennis in the world.

Second, learn the grip, position and preparation posture.

(1) Holding method

● Horizontal grip: The general grip of horizontal grip is just like shaking hands when people meet. The middle finger, the ring finger and the little finger hold the racket handle, the tiger's mouth is close to the racket shoulder, the thumb is slightly bent and flexed or obliquely extended to the racket face, and the index finger is obliquely extended to the other side of the racket (as shown in the figure).

● The grip of the straight racket: the second knuckle of the index finger and the first knuckle of the thumb form a pincer shape in front of the racket, the racket handle is attached to the tiger's mouth, and the three fingers are naturally bent and attached to the upper end of the racket behind the racket 1/3 (as shown in the figure).

(2) Standing posture and preparation posture

● Method: The standing position depends on the individual's different styles of play, generally standing in the middle to the left, 30-50 cm away from the platform. Stand with your feet shoulder width or slightly wider in parallel to keep your center of gravity stable. Lift the heel slightly, and the inside of the forefoot hits the ground hard to ensure a quick start and walk. Knees are slightly flexed and buckled, chest and abdomen are slightly folded, the upper body is slightly tilted forward, the arm holding the racket is naturally bent, the elbow holding the racket is slightly outward, the wrist is relaxed, and the racket is placed at the right front side of the abdomen 20-30 cm, which is beneficial to the left and right care and speeding up the hitting speed; Hold the racket horizontally with the elbow down and the forearm naturally raised horizontally. Keep your eyes on the ball and strengthen your judgment.

Third, the basic footwork

Step 1: Take one foot as the axis, the other foot moves in different directions, and the center of gravity moves with it. Fast-break players often use this footwork when returning short balls, chopping balls and chasing balls.

Step: one foot takes a big step forward, backward or left and right, then the center of gravity moves to the swinging foot, and the other foot slides quickly and follows.

Third, step by step: one foot moves half a step to the other foot, and the other foot moves in the same direction after the moving foot lands.

Fourth, jump: because the ball is always kicking in the same direction. In the process of moving, the time for both feet to leave the ground at the same time is very short, and it is used when the ball comes quickly and at a large angle.

5. Cross-step: When the incoming ball is far away from the body and the proper position of the ball cannot be obtained by stepping or jumping, cross-step can be used.

Sixth, the problems in footwork practice.

(1) react and judge quickly.

(b) The speed should be flexible.

(3) Adjust the center of gravity after hitting the ball

(4) Athletes must concentrate on the ball during training. In particular, students should always pay attention to the action of the opponent's racket when it touches the ball.

Fourth, learn to block the ball horizontally.

● Features of flat blocking: slow speed, small strength, simple action and easy to master. This is a beginner's skill. After repeated practice, you can be familiar with the characteristics of the ball, experience the changes in the shape of the racket when hitting the ball, and improve the ball control ability.

● Action essentials of blocking the ball horizontally: stand with your feet parallel and your body close to the table. Before hitting the ball, the knees are slightly bent, including the chest and abdomen. When hitting the ball, the racket is from back to front, and the surface of the racket contacting the racket is almost perpendicular to the desktop. In the middle of the rising stroke, the ball was blocked by the rebound of the opponent's ball. Recover quickly after hitting the ball and prepare for the next shot. draw

Fifth, learn to push and block the ball (backhand fast push)

● Features: small movement, good counterattack, fast return speed, easy control and good change of landing point.

● Action essentials: stand close to the platform, with your right foot open back or your feet parallel, and your upper arm and elbow joint close to the right. When hitting the ball, the forearm is pushed forward, the index finger is pressed down, the thumb is relaxed, the racket is tilted forward, and the ball is hit in the middle and upper part during the rising period of the incoming ball. After hitting the ball, the arm is sent forward. draw

Sixth, learn to hit the ball near the table forehand.

● Features: standing close, moving little, and fast. Using counterattack can shorten the time for opponents to prepare for counterattack, strive for initiative, create conditions for attack, and score directly.

● Action essentials: (Take the right hand grip as an example), the body is close to the table, behind the right foot, the knees are slightly bent, and the upper body is slightly forward. Before hitting the ball, the racquet is half level with the right side of the body, the upper arm is about 35 degrees with the body, and it is about 120 degrees with the forearm. When the ball bounces off the table, the arm swings rapidly from the right to the left, and the forearm is the main force. When hitting the ball, the index finger is relaxed and the thumb is pressed down, so that the front end of the racket is tilted and combined with the wrist rotation, and the middle and upper parts of the ball are hit at the early stage of the ball rising (as shown in the figure).

Seven, learn to move in parallel and push left and attack right.

(1) Step by step

Features: This footwork is bigger than single step. Because there is no air movement when moving, it is beneficial to move quickly and keep the center of gravity stable.

Methods: When moving, first take one step from the feet in different directions to the inside of the feet in the same direction, then take one step in the same direction and brake at the same time, and then swing the ball.

(2) Push left and attack right.

Features: the station is close and the speed is fast, which is beneficial to improve the swing speed and seize the opportunity.

Methods: When one side attacks two corners, the other side strikes back by combining backhand push with forehand attack, which is called left push and right attack. You can't take care of both sides at the same time, you should focus on it. Generally, the transition is made by pushing and blocking, looking for fighters, inducing the other side to change lanes and attacking forehand.

Be decisive when attacking forehand, and dare to make efforts. After pushing the block, the body center of gravity is on the left foot. When turning to forehand attack, the left foot is on the ground, and the right foot moves quickly to the right (the pace depends on the landing point of the opponent's incoming ball), the left foot immediately follows, and the arm swings forward quickly at the same time. When hitting the ball, the racket face leans forward slightly and hits the middle and upper part of the ball during the rising period of the incoming ball.

When the opponent steals the right corner, attacking the ball on the right with the forehand and hitting it back becomes the technique of forehand turning back. If forehand and backhand techniques are used well, they can often turn passivity into initiative. Because the opponent's offensive ball is very fast, he usually puts his hand in place first to form a forward jump. Before hitting the ball, the upper arm should be pulled apart, but not thrown too high. The arm should be extended to the right, the racket should be slightly lower than the incoming ball, the wrist should not be shaken, and the ball should be hit hard forward.

Eight, stride forehand serve backspin and forehand backhand rub ball.

(1) Forehand serve with backspin

Action essentials: Right foot backward. When pitching, clap your hands to lead the racket to the upper right and abduct your wrist. When the ball falls at the same height as the net, the arm swings to the lower left quickly, and the wrist rotates downward quickly at the moment of touching the ball, so that the racket rubs downward from the middle of the ball.

(2) forehand and backhand rubbing

Wipe the ball can be divided into forehand and backhand, fast and slow.

Key points of backhand slow rubbing action: the body is a little far from the table, the arm is naturally bent, and the racket is to the upper left. When hitting the ball, forearm pronation is combined with wrist rotation to exert force forward and downward, and the racket face is backward, which rubs the middle and lower part of the ball during the falling of the incoming ball and rubs it out.

Main points of backhand quick ball rubbing: Keep your body close to the table. When hitting the ball, the racket face will lean backward later, and the forearm will be sent forward and downward with the movement of the wrist. When the incoming ball rises, it will rub against the middle and lower part of the ball and quickly rub it out.

Main points of forehand rubbing: stand with your feet parallel or your right foot slightly in front. Before hitting the ball, the right hand pulls the racket to the upper right, and the racket face leans back. When hitting the ball, the forearm and wrist swing forward and down to the left, rubbing the middle and lower part of the ball during the rising or falling of the incoming ball and rubbing it out.

Nine, learn to serve and receive the service side to rotate up and down.

● Forehand topspin and backspin action essentials: Right foot backward. When pitching, clap your hands to lead the racket to the upper right and abduct your wrist. When the ball falls at the same height as the net, the arm swings to the lower left quickly, and the wrist rotates to the upper left at the moment of touching the ball, so that the racket rubs from the middle of the ball to the upper left. When the left backspin serves, the wrist rotates rapidly to the lower left, so that the racket rubs from the middle of the ball to the lower left. As shown in the figure:

● Backhand topspin and backspin essentials: The right foot is in front, the hands are slapped to the upper left, and the handle is slightly downward. When the ball falls at the same height as the net, the forearm and wrist exert force at the same time, and the wrist rotates to the upper right at the moment of touching the ball, so that the racket rubs from the middle of the ball to the upper right. When serving the right down spin, the wrist rotates to the right down, so that the racket is wiped from the middle of the ball to the right down. As shown in the figure:

● Techniques that can be used to receive the service: The key to receiving the service is to judge the nature of the ball, including rotation, landing point and speed, and then quickly and reasonably transfer it, and use the techniques of forehand and backhand, slow rubbing, blocking and attacking to counterattack.

Ten, learn forehand loop ball.

Action essentials: stand close to the table with your right foot behind and your center of gravity supported on your right foot. Before hitting the ball, the racquet is half-level below the right side of the body, and the racquet face is almost vertical. The upper arm is about 35 degrees from the body, and the forearm is about 130 degrees. When the ball starts to descend from the highest point, the right foot rotates inward, and at the same time, the upper arm and forearm swing upward from back to front, and the forearm retracts quickly, which rubs the middle and lower parts of the ball with the power of wrist rotation. After hitting the ball, the support point of the center of gravity moves to the left foot, and the racket swings to the head (pictured).