Technical characteristics of Pingyao lacquer painting process

Pingyao lacquer pusher is famous for its complicated manufacturing process. It takes five or six times to scrape the ash alone, and each time you have to wait until the scraped ash is completely dry before scraping it again. The charm of Pingyao push-light lacquerware is not only exquisite, but also exquisite materials. Pingyao Tuiguang lacquerware is a kind of natural lacquer material-lacquer, which is widely distributed in the loess plateau and flows out after scraping the bark.

Pingyao Tuiguang lacquer art has an exquisite set of techniques, and its manufacturing process mainly includes the following steps: (1) refining lacquer with special formula, techniques and facilities; (2) refining the topcoat with raw lacquer and natural tung oil; (3) Wooden tires are hung with hemp, raw lacquer ash is covered with cloth, pig blood ash is covered with hemp, and loess glue is covered with paper; (4) Making painting plugs (painting tools) with human hair and oxtail; (5) Put the lacquerware in a special shade room to dry in the shade; (6) Gold painting, including Ping Jin black painting, drum painting, gold painting, gold painting, eggshell inlay and other traditional techniques; (7) Use sandpaper, charcoal, hair, brick ash, sesame oil, etc. Push light one by one to make lacquerware as bright as a mirror; (8) Decorate with inlays, carvings, gilding, and gray carvings.

The production of Pingyao push lacquer ware is divided into five processes: wooden tire, gray tire, painter, painter and inlay. After the wooden tire workshop used pine to make wooden tires for various furniture, the gray tire workshop wrapped the wooden tires with white hemp and coated them with a layer of brick mortar made of pig blood. This is called hanging hemp and hanging ash. Primers are mostly black ink, rose red, apricot yellow and cyan purple, and are painted with patterns with national styles, such as story characters in classical novels and dramas, ancient myths and legendary story characters. , or gold painting, or knife carving or drum inlay, smooth lines, harmonious colors, magnificent.

The working procedure of the painter's workshop is very detailed and complicated. Painting is the most critical process of every piece of painting art. Every time you draw a paint on a gray tire, you must first wipe it with water sandpaper, then rub it repeatedly by hand until it feels smooth, and then paint it. Generally, each product should be brushed five to eight times. After each paint dries, it needs to be polished-then painted-and then polished in .................................................................................. Good light is the key to the quality of each product. The process of topcoat, from primer to topcoat, each big paint has different process requirements. The last finishing process of Pingyao polishing paint is polishing with the palm of your hand. Usually, the paint surface is polished with fine sandpaper first, then the carbon block made of high-quality basswood is polished with water to increase the blackness of the paint surface, then the hair is polished with oil, and finally the palm is dipped in special fine brick ash (repeatedly filtered with water) and sesame oil for polishing. The paint should be as bright as a mirror. The more grinding times, the brighter the light and the brighter it will be in the future, which is suitable for long-term storage. (Grinding, flattening and eliminating technology)

Painters and mosaic workshops have higher technical requirements. Painters must study painting for more than four years and master the basic skills of painting before they are allowed to tick red dots on the paint and operate independently. Carver's blade should be as thick as a pen tip, moderate in depth and free to rise and fall. On the stage where the original pieces are inlaid, the clouds are purple, and the workers process mussels, mother-of-pearl, ivory and colored stones into various original pieces, which are skillfully inlaid and glued by the mosaic workers according to the requirements of the pattern.