Essay Shaanxi folk culture 150

v Shaanxi is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation, Zhou, Qin, Han, Tang and other more than a dozen dynasties or important regimes have built their capitals here, but also the seat of the revolutionary shrine of Yan'an, the canonical books are rich in cultural relics are also many, many customs and habits can be traced back to the historical origins. Geographically, it faces the Yellow River in the east, looks at Guanlong in the west, is bordered by the grassland in the north and the water town of Ba Shu in the south, and spans the northern Shaanxi plateau, the Weishui Basin and the Qinba mountainous area. Folkways and folklore have both a long history and deep roots, but also compete with each other in a variety of colors.

A Geographical division of Shaanxi folk culture and its development during the Qin and Han Dynasties

The geographical division of Shaanxi folklore is as follows: Guanzhong, northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi.

About the geographical characteristics, historical status, early operation and the legacy of farming in Guanzhong region until the early Western Han Dynasty, the Historical Records of the Grand Historian (史记-货殖传) says: "Guanzhong, from Chiyong east to Hehua, has a thousand miles of fertile soil and a thousand miles of fertile land, and since Yu Xia's Gong thought it was the upper field. And Gong Liu suitable for the Duke, too Wang Wang Ji in Qi King Wen made Feng, King Wu Du Hao, so its people still have the legacy of the previous king, good crop wall, the cultivation of five grains."

On the emergence of a new humanistic style in northern Shaanxi, regional characteristics and habits, the "Book of Yuan Turtle" said: "The first Emperor of Qin left Mengtian hustling but Xiongnu. Got the north of Henan Zhengyang thousands of miles of land is very good, so build a city, migrant people live, called 'New Qin'." The Han Book - Geography, "said:" Settlement, Beidi, Shangxian, West River, are close to the Rongzhai, practicing war preparations, noble qi, to shoot qi, to shoot and hunt first." This background, linked to the sound and image of the waist drums in northern Shaanxi Province can be mutually corroborated.

On the early customs of the Shaanxi region, "Hanzhong Fu Zhi" said: "Hanzhong Fu, its customs strong and simple, force farming practice shooting. Wudu's old man more Qiang Rong's people, its people half-Qin, more courageous and stupid; the land is dangerous and narrow, its people half-Chu, customs slightly with Jingzhou, Shinshu County." The Huan Yu Ji says: "Han Gaozu sent Ba Shu, cut San Qin, moved Shu seven surnames in Shangluo, the custom of more hunting and logging, deep Chu style." "Ningqiang state" also said: "Ningqiang state" style both north and south, language mixed Qin, Shu. All fully demonstrated the neighboring regions of the mutual influence of customs and customs of the regional characteristics.

On the evaluation of pre-Qin customs, "Xue Si'an (Wild Record)" said: "read the "Qin Feng" happy to get no obscene running poetry, see the Qin custom good." This shows the origin of the inheritance of the good customs of Qi Zhou.

To the death of Qin and the rise of Han, Han Gaozu Liu Bang marched into Shangluo, via Bashang, west into Xianyang, south of Hanzhong; back to the Sanqin, built the capital of Chang'an, Guan Guan and outside the customs will be converged, so that the development of the folklore of folklore has entered a new historical period.

About the change of Qin's customs, characteristics and its significance, the Song Dynasty scholar Zhu Xi in the "Zhu Zi Poetry Biography" has a paragraph quite deep generalization and exposition. I would like to reproduce the following: "Qin's custom, roughly Shang Qiqi, the first courage, forget about life and light death. However, at the beginning of the argument, Qifeng land, King Wen used to the rise, 'two south' of the chemical, such as their loyalty and thick also. Qin people use it, not a few and a change in its customs, the humongous have recruited eight states and towards the same column of gas. Why? Yongzhou soil thick water deep, its people thick quality straight, no Zheng Wei arrogant, floating habits. To good guide. It is easy to rise, and Duchess of benevolence and righteousness; driven by courage, its strong and resolute enemy of the capital, but also enough to strengthen the military force of agriculture and Xuxu rich and strong industry, not Shandong countries."

This comment is a generalization and summary of the development of history, but also on the understanding of the future development of history has a significant role in reference.

Two, Wei Jin and North and South Dynasties to the Tang and Song Dynasties, Shaanxi, the development of folk customs and production practices

Han, Wei, two Jin this stage of history, FangTuYouYouYuan, Taoism, Buddhism activities, successively appeared in the society, the corresponding impact on the folk culture, to varying degrees of the social life of the new factors added, the custom of the corresponding changes. Fangtu Ranger to the Han Dynasty, has been gradually integrated with folk entertainment or folk entertainment form, in the city has been quite common. With the book - geography," said: "Hanzhong people, plain and simple, not very tend to profit, sexual appetite, more things to do in the field of fishing. Although the room Chaimen, food must be both flavor. Good sacrifices to ghosts and gods, especially jealous of confusion, family members have died, always away from their homes. Chong Chong Chong Taoism, still have Zhang Lu Gui yan!" Characteristics of local customs, or strong; Taoist and Buddhist influence is also evident.

To the Tang, folk customs and official relations are also very close. The emperor's carriage said: "Chang'an every year the mausoleums, often recommend soup cake chicken carpet and other cold food, and recommended Leizi car; to the Qingming on the food, the inner garden officials children in front of the temple drilling fire, the first to get the fire into the. On giving three silk, gold bowl a mouthful of people and in the Yanxing door to see the inner people out of the city to sprinkle, the hustle and bustle of cars and horses. The new entrants are in the moon lantern Pavilion set beat the carpet of the feast, or give the following yeast rice wine, that is, heavy wine also."

The Sheng Tang, the richness of the year, the Silk Road open, Chang'an merchants gathered, the eight parties gathered. Restaurants, restaurants, tea houses, in the prosperous food market, Hu Feng cooking, Hu Ji restaurant also frequently increase the style, a folkloric spectacle.

Li Bai's "Young Man's Journey" wrote about the situation, saying: "Wuling's young gold city east, silver saddle white horse degrees of the spring breeze; where do the fallen flowers step on all the tour? Laughing into the Hu Ji wine shop." At that time, Hu Ji learned to use pasta to make their own national characteristics of Hu cake, also known in the country. Bai Juyi has "Hu cake cake like Kyoto" poem. According to the examination, the present sesame biscuit is evolved from the Hu cake at that time. Pasta is the traditional staple food of Shaanxi people since ancient times. This is also closely related to Shaanxi's agricultural production. Shaanxi agriculture, a long history, production practices in the historical development of society has continued to move forward.