What are the risks of financial instruments?

Question 1: Financial instruments face several risks. Which of the following measures is mainly used to prevent credit risk: systemic risk, credit risk, political risk and market risk!

Measures to prevent credit risk: ① symmetry principle, ② asset dispersion principle and ③ credit guarantee principle!

Question 2: The quantitative information of financial instrument risk includes which financial derivatives are also called "derivative financial assets" and "financial derivatives", which came into being in 1970s.

Financial derivatives come from traditional financial instruments such as currency, bonds and stocks, and are characterized by leverage and credit transactions. It is a concept corresponding to basic financial products, which means to build on basic products or foundations.

Question 3: The risks of financial instruments generally come from (). Personally, I think if you choose C.

Credit risk is not limited to financial instruments, but also exists in routine business activities.

Interest rate risk is limited to interest rate-related fields, not global risk, nor is it unique to financial instruments;

Market risk is a general concept. In addition to financial production, there are also related market risks in commodity and commercial markets, and they are not man-made risks.

Operational risk is very important relative to the field of financial instruments, which will amplify related risks, and human factors are obvious.

If you select more than one, you can choose any one.

Question 4: What risks do financial instruments face? What measures are mainly adopted to prevent credit risks? 1. Credit risks faced by financial instruments and main preventive measures:

A. only deal with recognized and reputable third parties. Conduct credit audit on all customers who need to conduct credit transactions. B. continuously monitor the balance of accounts receivable to ensure that enterprises will not face major bad debt risks. C. ask the other party to provide performance guarantee. D. By widely dispersing the customer base of accounts receivable in different departments and industries, the concentration of major credit risks can be avoided.

Question 5: What are the basic characteristics of financial instruments? Financial instruments generally have the following basic characteristics: (1) term. The term referred to in this article refers to the repayment term agreed by general financial instruments. The repayment period refers to the time required for the debtor to borrow the debt and fully repay the principal and interest. There are also two extreme situations in the repayment period of financial instruments: zero term and unlimited term. (2) liquidity. Liquidity refers to the ability of financial instruments to be quickly converted into cash when necessary without suffering losses. The liquidity of financial instruments is inversely proportional to the repayment period. The profitability of financial instruments and the issuer's credit status are also important factors to determine liquidity. (3) risk. Risk refers to the possibility of loss of principal and predetermined income of financial instruments. Risks may come from credit risk and market risk. (4) profitability. Profitability refers to the characteristics that financial instruments can bring value added. To compare the rate of return, we should analyze the factors such as bank deposit interest rate, inflation rate and the rate of return of other financial instruments, and also examine the risks.

Question 6: What are the financial instruments with the lowest risk and the highest liquidity? 5 points 1. Financial instruments with the lowest risk and the highest liquidity: modern credit currencies, namely paper money and bank demand deposits, have high liquidity and low risk.

2. Financial instruments refer to financial assets that can be traded in the financial market. Financial instruments mean that people can use them to play various instrumental roles in the market, especially in different financial markets, in order to achieve different purposes. For example, enterprises can achieve the purpose of financing by issuing stocks and bonds. Stocks and bonds are financing tools for enterprises.

Question 7: How many risks do financial instruments face? Which of the following measures is mainly used to prevent the credit risk of 1? The main preventive measures are: a. only deal with recognized and reputable third parties. Conduct credit audit on all customers who need to conduct credit transactions. B. continuously monitor the balance of accounts receivable to ensure that enterprises will not face major bad debt risks. C. ask the other party to provide performance guarantee. D. By widely dispersing the customer base of accounts receivable in different departments and industries, the concentration of major credit risks can be avoided.

Question 8: What are the risks of derivative financial instruments? 1. The risks of derivative financial instruments can be classified into five categories: market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, operational risk and legal risk.

2. Characteristics of biological assets

Biological assets are different from other assets in form and value transformation mechanism, so biological assets not only have the characteristics of general assets, but also have biological characteristics different from other assets based on the interweaving characteristics of natural reproduction and economic reproduction of animals and plants. These features are mainly as follows:

① It has biotransformation and natural appreciation. Because biological assets are living creatures, they can realize their own transformation in the process of growth, such as growing from a seedling to a big tree and realizing natural appreciation.

② It has growth periodicity. The life cycle of biological assets varies greatly, some are very long, such as trees, as long as ten years or even hundreds of years, and some are very short, such as ordinary crops within one year. The liquidity and nature of biological assets in different cycles are also different.

③ There are regional differences in growth. Biological assets depend on the natural environment to survive, and the natural conditions in different regions lead to regional differences in their growth.

④ It has the characteristics of dual assets. Biological assets have the dual characteristics of liquid assets (consumable biological assets) and long-term assets (productive biological assets and public welfare biological assets), which can be transformed into each other under certain circumstances.

⑤ It is characterized by uncertain future economic benefits and high risks.

3, the characteristics of enterprise liquidation accounting

Enterprise liquidation accounting is an accounting process of clearing and accounting the assets, liabilities and owners' equity of the terminated enterprise according to the prescribed procedures from the perspective of liquidation under the specific environment of enterprise termination. Compared with the accounting under the normal operation of enterprises, it has the following characteristics:

(1) The accounting purposes are different;

(2) The accounting scope is different;

(3) The premise and principle of accounting are different;

(4) Changes in accounting subjects.

Question 9: What is the concept of financial instruments? The so-called derivatives refer to things derived from the original, such as soybean milk, which can be called soybean derivatives. Financial derivatives refer to the transaction forms derived from the traditional financial business in the past.

According to the definition of financial circles, financial derivatives are bilateral contracts between traders to exchange cash flow or transfer risks. Common ones are forward contracts, futures, options and swaps. There are many kinds of financial derivatives in the world. At present, the financial derivatives trading in China mainly refers to the financial business centered on futures. Futures can be divided into commodity futures and financial futures. The latter mainly includes currency futures, interest rate futures and index futures.

Judging from the types and definitions of financial derivatives, its biggest feature is to rely on an investment mechanism to avoid the risk of capital operation, and at the same time, it has the functions of speculative trading in financial markets and attracting investors.

Derivative financial instruments are innovative financial instruments based on basic financial instruments such as currency, bonds and stocks. They are based on the existence of other financial instruments, and the price is determined by these financial instruments. Specifically, derivative financial instruments include forward, futures, swap or option contracts, or other financial instruments with similar characteristics. Derivative financial instruments have the following characteristics:

1, high risk. Derivative financial instruments are produced to avoid the risk of financial price fluctuation, and properly operated derivative financial instruments can reduce the risk of basic instruments. However, derivative financial instruments also have risks. According to the stipulations of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision in the Guide to the Management of Derivative Financial Instruments, derivative financial instruments include credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk, operational risk and legal risk. More importantly, derivative financial instruments are leverage from small to large. When trading, they can sign large contracts by paying a small amount of margin to exchange different financial instruments. Once the operation is improper, it may bring huge losses to the enterprise.

2. The time nature of derivative financial instruments is the future. Derivative financial instruments refer to contracts in which both parties agree to trade or choose whether to trade at a certain time in the future by predicting the changing trend of interest rates, exchange rates, stock prices and other factors. Compared with traditional spot transactions, derivative financial instruments transactions are all transactions that will be completed at some time in the future, that is, their time attributes are future. From the signing of the contract to the performance, the price of financial instruments is likely to change dramatically.

3. Off-balance sheet reflexivity. Compared with traditional financial instruments, some derivative financial instruments do not meet the traditional accounting recognition and measurement standards.

In addition, derivative financial instruments are highly technical and complex.

Non-derivative financial instruments are basic financial instruments, such as stocks, creditor's rights, funds, exchange rates and interest rates.

Question 10: What are the traditional financial instruments? Five financial instruments refer to financial assets that can be traded in the financial market. Different forms of financial instruments have different financial risks. A treaty used to prove the rights and obligations of both financing parties. Financial instruments, also known as trading instruments, are legal documents to prove the relationship between creditor's rights and debts and conduct monetary fund transactions, and are tools to transfer monetary funds or financial assets.