The Origin and Development of Tennis

The origins of tennis can be traced back to France in the 12th and 13th centuries, when a game of hitting a ball with the palm of the hand was popular among the missionaries, by which two people, separated by a rope in a clearing, hit a ball made of hair wrapped in cloth with the palms of their hands.

The sport was popular not only in the monasteries, but also at the French court, where it was introduced from France to England in 1358-1360, when the rackets were converted to sheepskin and the balls to leather, and in the 15th century the stringed racket was invented, and in the 16th century, when old-fashioned indoor tennis became the national game of France.

Modern tennis originated in England, where in 1873, Walter

Clopton

Wingfield, a British major who played old-fashioned tennis, designed a tennis game inspired by badminton that was suitable for outdoor play and could be practiced by both men and women, and was called Sphairistike, meaning "justice". Sphairistike, meaning the technique of hitting the ball).

In 1875, as the sport became more popular on figure-of-eight courts, the All England Croquet Club set up a separate lawn tennis court alongside the croquet ground, and the Maribyrn Cricket Club, the leading organizer of old-fashioned tennis, established a set of rules for the sport. From then on, lawn tennis officially replaced judicial tekke.

In July 1877, England hosted its first Lawn Tennis Championships, the first tournament at Wimbledon.

In 1881, the world's first national tennis association was founded, the National Lawn Tennis Association of the United States.

In 1887, the U.S. began holding the Women's Singles Lawn Tennis Championships; the Women's Doubles Championships in 1890; and the Mixed Doubles Championships in 1892.

Since 1878, lawn tennis has been spread by British immigrants, merchants, or garrisons to Canada (1878), Sri Lanka (1878), Czechoslovakia (1879), Sweden (1879), India and Japan (1880), Australia (1880), and South Africa (1881).

In the mid-1890s, tennis entered another phase, with many countries and regions organizing tennis associations and holding regular tournaments.On March 1, 1913, the International Tennis Federation, the supreme organization of tennis in the world, was established in Paris, France. Its establishment opened up a broader path for the further development of tennis.

The rules of tennis have changed very little since 1890, except for the adoption of the "Race to Seven" rule in the 1970s. The only change in recent years has been the addition of an "instant replay" system for calling disputed shots in professional matches.

Extended Information

Introduction to the Rules of the Serve

Before Serving

Before serving, a player should stand in the area behind the end line, between the center point and the hypothetical extension of the sideline, and throw the ball up in the air in any direction with his hands, and hit the ball with his racket before the ball touches the ground. can throw the ball up with the racket). The ball is sent when the racket makes contact with the ball.

Serving

The player shall not change his position by walking or running during the entire serving motion, and shall keep his feet in the prescribed position only and shall not touch any other area.

In Play

(1) At the beginning of each set, the ball shall be served from behind the end line in the right zone, and after a point has been scored or lost, the ball shall be switched to the left zone.

(2) The ball served shall cross over the net and land in the square in front of the opponent's serving area in the opposite corner, or on the line around it.

Failure to serve

Missing the ball; sending a ball that touches a fixture (other than the net, the center band and the white cloth at the edge of the net) before it hits the ground; and violating the rules of the serving position. After the server has missed the first serve, he shall make a second serve from the original serving position.

Nullification of serve

The rule used to be that a serve that grazed the net was nullified and re-served, but in 2013 the ITF changed the rule so that a graze on the net no longer affects whether the serve is successful or not, and is judged by the point at which the ball landed after it grazed the net. If the ball goes over the net or lands outside the diagonal serving area, the serve is nullified; or the opposing receiver is not ready to receive the ball.

Exchange of serves

At the end of the first set, the receiver becomes the server and the serve becomes the receive. At the end of each subsequent set. They are exchanged in turn until the end of the match.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Tennis