Who knows the relationship between Christianity and the history of China?

First, the three influences of Christianity on China.

1. The first wave (Nestorianism): a purely religious form. In the second century BC, Emperor Liu Che sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions.

Re-opened the Silk Road. Since then, between ancient China and countries in Central Asia and West Asia, with this ancient commercial context as a link, gradually

The relationship between economy and culture has been developed. As early as the third century BC, the earliest communication channel between eastern and western cultures was along this line.

The legend that Buddhism was introduced into China. 16th century later, there is a story that Thomas, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus, preached in China. ...

Although there is no strong historical basis to prove these legends, most of them are church people who are keen to publicize such legends.

From this we can see the special enthusiasm of Christian culture in developing relations with China.

1625 (the fifth year of Ming Di's apocalypse), the monument of China, a popular Nestorianism in Daqin, was unearthed in the suburb of An, and China in Daqin was in ancient times.

A title of "Si", as we know from the records of inscriptions, is a tradition of China's "Nestorianism".

The literature calls it Nestorianism. As early as the ninth year of Zhenguan in the Tang Dynasty (635), missionaries came to China to preach, which made this religion flourish in the Tang Dynasty.

Time. The inscription of Nestorianism says: "The true Tao is hard to understand and its function is obvious, so it is called Nestorianism."

Nestorianism is a branch of Christianity, named after Nestorianism, Archbishop of Constantinople in the 5th century. Nesterus.

Because of the dispute between "divinity" and "humanity" in his teachings, he was accused of heresy and excommunicated at the Episcopal Conference of Ephesus in 4 13 AD.

Door, exile death penalty. However, later churches in the Near East supported nestorius's teachings. In 498, the Near East Church officially decided.

He broke off relations with the Roman Church and accepted nestorius's faith, and the "nestorius School" of Christianity was formally formed. Since then, Nestorianism has spread.

Christianity is active in Central Asia with a high degree of religious enthusiasm. By the 7th century, its followers had spread all over the so-called Western Regions in ancient China.

With, and school activities were officially introduced to China in the Tang Dynasty.

The culture of Tang Dynasty was the first peak after the great integration of China local culture and Buddhist culture in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

Period, but also one of the cultural centers of the world at that time. Emperor Taizong practiced "concurrently" in the way of ruling the world, combining virtue with "Tiankhan" in summer.

The religious policy of "tolerance and tolerance" gave Nestorianism an opportunity to spread widely in the Tang Dynasty. In the ninth year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (635), "Nestor School" was established.

The arrival of the Bishop and the Syrian Arrow from Persia to Chang 'an marked the beginning of the cultural connection between Christianity and China: "Emperor Taizong Huang Wen.

Emperor Guanghua was lucky that Ming Sheng came. Daqin state-owned national title arrow, accounting for Qingyun carrying classics, looking forward to the wind and danger. Nine sacrifices to chastity,

As for Chang 'an. The emperor let Gong Fang Ling Xuan, the minister, fight in the western suburbs to welcome guests into the DPRK. Through the temple of scripture, he asked about the forbidden hole. Know the truth and pass it on.

Grant. (For Nestorianism inscription, see "History of Christianity in China 500 Years ago/kloc-0", page 43, written by A.K. Moore, Zhonghua Book Company 1984.

In addition, a "Persian Temple" was built in Chang 'an at the expense of the imperial court to preach. Nestorianism is prevalent in Tang Gaozong.

It turns out that "there are ten dharmas, the country is rich and the people are strong, the temples are full of hundreds of cities, and the family is rich." In 745, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty invited Nestorianism.

Ordered the "Persian Temple" to be renamed "Daqin Temple". In 78 1 year, the "China Monument of Daqin Nestorianism Popular" was established in Tang Dezong, and the Nestorianism name was NO.

Once appeared on this monument.

The Nestorian Monument to China, which was popular in Daqin, is a powerful material evidence for the introduction of early Christianity into China. The content of the inscription is divided into preface and ode. order

This paper briefly explains the basic beliefs of Nestorianism, and describes that Nestorianism has received preferential treatment and support from emperors below Emperor Taizong since it was introduced into China.

It has developed there for 150 years. The eulogy also tells the content of the preface in verse. The establishment of Nestorianism Monument illustrates this point.

Nestorianism has taken root in the cultural life of China. After that, Nestorianism continued to exist in China, but it did not develop further.

Significant development. This is not only far less than the third wave of Christianity in China (1840), but also far less than the second wave.

The depth of the second wave ("Catholicism coming to China" in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties).

In 845 AD, Tang Wuzong Li Yan wrote a letter to destroy the law and the temple (that is, "Huichang destroyed the law" in the history books), mainly aimed at Buddhism, but Nestorianism also

Be implicated. Nestorianism was active in China for more than 200 years, and then gradually declined, and the first wave of Christianity in China has never recovered.

Vibration. This "first introduction" disappeared in the Song Dynasty, and Nestorianism was not recorded in China's history books. Songtai

In 980 AD, when he lived in Taiping and Xingguo for five years, Najiwan, a priest of Nie Sect, came to China with five other priests at the orders of the Archbishop of Nie Sect.

London Abbey.

In 987, they went back and reported: "Christianity in China has died, all Christians have been killed by violence, and churches have been destroyed. In the whole country, there is a

There is no second Christian besides man. I searched all over the country, and no one could teach me, so I hurried back. "(see" China ancient Christianity ".

And Jews in Kaifeng, page 126, marked the disappearance of the first wave of Christian missionary work in China. temperature

This kind of "religious disappearance" in the prosperous period of the moderate Northern Song Dynasty was obviously not caused by the cruel persecution of war and revolution, but showed that at that time.

China people have completely lost their interest and demand for Christianity. This is a historic low tide. It is worth noting that Nestorianism is in China.

After its initial decline, it became popular among ethnic minorities in northern China. /kloc-In the 3rd century, Mongolian rulers entered the Central Plains, and Nestorianism was established in the Yuan Dynasty.

The dynasty reappeared and became popular. At that time, Mongolians called Christians "Jezsik". Obviously, this Mongolian title shows that this religion has

Jing has nothing to do with Han people, but the religion of Mongols and their allies "Semu people" (later "Hui people").

1269, Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu sent a letter to the Pope through the Kelpolo brothers, formally pleading with the Pope to send missionaries to China.

1289, Pope Girolamo Masci sent Franciscans and Italian Mont Covino to China as special envoys of the Holy See.

1294, Mont Covino came to Dadu, opened a Catholic church and began to preach. This is the first time that Catholicism has entered China.

This first Catholic missionary activity relied on the protection of Mongolian rulers. So 1368 After the Ming Dynasty overthrew the Yuan Dynasty, this Mongolia

The religion that people (and other semu people such as Kyle Poirot) recently converted to also disappeared, which lasted only about 60 years.

Nestorianism made a comeback in the Tang and Yuan Dynasties, and Catholicism was first introduced into China in the Yuan Dynasty. (The number of words is limited, see the reference page for details)