Basic technological process of forging

The basic technological process of forging is as follows:

1. Material preparation: metal materials need to be prepared before forging. Commonly used forging materials are steel, iron, aluminum, copper and so on. The material selection needs to be determined according to the purpose, load and environment of the workpiece.

2. Heating: Metal materials need to be heated to a suitable temperature before forging. The purpose of heating is to improve the plasticity of metal and make it more prone to plastic deformation during forging. Different metal materials have different heating temperature requirements, which usually need to be carried out under the guidance of engineers.

3. Mold preparation: molds are needed in the forging process, and the design and manufacture of molds are very important. The shape of the die should match the shape of the final workpiece. The die can be divided into an upper die and a lower die, and pressure is applied to deform the metal during forging.

4. Forging operation: after the metal is heated to a proper temperature, it is put into a mold, and then pressure is applied for forging. In the forging process, the metal material will be plastically deformed under the action of the die and gradually form a shape matching the die. In the forging process, it is necessary to select the appropriate forging force and forging speed according to the shape and size of the workpiece.

5. Cooling and treatment: The forged workpiece needs cooling. The cooling mode can be natural cooling or water quenching. The cooled workpiece may need heat treatment to adjust its internal structure and improve its hardness, strength and other properties.

6. Subsequent processing: After forging, the workpiece may need subsequent machining, grinding, polishing and other processes to meet the precision and surface quality requirements of the final product.

Generally speaking, forging is a traditional metal working process, which makes metal materials plastically deform by applying pressure, so as to obtain workpieces with required shapes and properties. In actual production, the forging process will be flexibly adjusted according to different metal materials, workpiece shapes and requirements to ensure the production of high-quality products that meet the standards and customer needs.