Trial analysis of technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises in Guangdong Province as an example

AbstractSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are an important part of the national economy and an important force in promoting economic development, while technological innovation is a key factor in promoting the development of SMEs. This paper puts forward the countermeasures suitable for promoting the technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through the study of the status quo of technological innovation of SMEs in Guangdong.

Keywords small and medium-sized enterprises; technological innovation; countermeasures

China's economy has entered a stage where it must pay attention to the quality of the economy after more than 30 years of rapid development. In this stage, to effectively promote the adjustment of economic structure and the transformation of economic growth, it is necessary to improve the independent innovation ability of enterprises. As the vanguard of China's reform and opening up, Guangdong has experienced rapid economic growth and greatly enhanced its strength over the past 30 years, and has become the province with the highest level of regional economic development and the most dynamic economy in China. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have always occupied an important position in Guangdong's economy, playing an important role in promoting the growth of Guangdong's national economy, alleviating the pressure of social employment, increasing local financial tax revenues and optimizing the industrial structure. In the context of economic globalization and knowledge-based economy, the enhancement of SMEs' technological innovation capability is particularly crucial to whether Guangdong can maintain its advantages and reach a new level.

I. Status of technological innovation of SMEs in Guangdong

1. Favorable conditions. In recent years, Guangdong's emphasis on small and medium-sized enterprises has increased year by year, the support for technological innovation of these enterprises has been greatly strengthened, in addition to the establishment of the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Bureau, the provincial government also focuses on supporting the "science and technology-based", "export-oriented", "Employment-oriented", "agricultural product processing" and other four types of private enterprise development. As of May 2010, the formation of the 34 provinces and ministries of industry, academia and research innovation alliance of small and medium-sized enterprises, three years of total exports reached more than 15 billion U.S. dollars, new profits and taxes totaled 123.2 billion yuan; the alliance of the total *** apply for 110,000 pieces of patents, of which 15,000 pieces of patents; overcome the industry's key technologies, 572; the establishment of a public *** service platform of 107, the establishment of the alliance operating entities 26 and 16 post-doctoral research stations. (1) The regional technological innovation system has taken initial shape. First, aiming at the core technology frontier in key fields, a number of major innovation platforms have been built with relevant state departments***. Secondly, guided by the major needs of regional industrial development, the "Guangdong Province Joint Conference for Promoting the Development of Industrial Clusters" has been set up, focusing on supporting a number of industrial clusters in the construction of public ****service platforms, which promotes the improvement of regional innovation capacity. (2) The enterprise-oriented industry-university-research cooperation has laid a good foundation. In 2009 alone, more than 180 universities across the country engaged in University-Industry-Research Cooperation with Guangdong, with more than 6,000 cooperative projects. (3) The independent innovation capability of SMEs has been further improved. In recent years, Guangdong SMEs have cooperated with the Office of the Guangdong Provincial Industry-University-Research Coordination Leading Group in organizing the SME Service Day and Industry-University-Research Matchmaking Activities in Foshan, Zhongshan and other cities, exploring the establishment of service platforms and mechanisms combining industry-university-research with enterprises as the main body. (4) External exchanges and cooperation among small and medium-sized enterprises have been further strengthened. Make full use of the China International Small and Medium Enterprises Expo platform to strengthen the small and medium-sized foreign exchanges and cooperation, while strengthening the small and medium-sized inter-provincial regional cooperation.

2. Problems. Although Guangdong SMEs' technological innovation has many advantageous conditions, it also encounters many difficulties and problems. Mainly in: (1) insufficient funds, financing difficulties. According to the "2011 Guangdong SME Financing Research Report" jointly compiled by Guangdong SME Bureau and Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences, as of the first half of 2011, the total financing demand of the sampled 333 enterprises was 51.886 million yuan, and they had been financed with 33.970 million yuan, with the financing gap amounting to 17.916 million yuan; and the survey conducted by Guangzhou Branch of the People's Bank of China showed that the sampled 382 67% of the 382 SMEs sampled had a financing gap, and 42.7% had a tightened financing situation compared with the same period in 2010. Meanwhile, financing is quite difficult. (2) Inadequate and imperfect technology intermediary organizations. At present, the science and technology intermediary institutions in Guangdong Province, firstly, are of various types, but the market awareness is not strong; secondly, the scale is small, and the collaboration mechanism and comprehensive service power are poor; thirdly, there is a lack of high-quality talents. (3) Insufficient investment in innovation, unreasonable structure. First, the proportion of R&D in sales is too low; second, the overall scale of investment in scientific and technological research and development is small; third, venture capital is underdeveloped. In addition, there is also the problem of unreasonable structure of technological innovation funding sources. (4) The contradiction between the rapid expansion of industrial scale and the lack of core technology. As a national export province, statistics show that high-tech export products, the key core technology and equipment mainly rely on imports, 70% of the manufacturing industry is still medium and low technology and traditional industries, many enterprises and products are OEM, processing trade with independent intellectual property rights of high-tech products are not many. (5) Lack of excellent talents. At present, the situation of technical personnel in Guangdong, whether from the scale, quality structure and other aspects are in urgent need of further optimization and enhancement. For example, Dongguan is a good soil for the development of e-commerce, the industrial base has obvious advantages, supporting the perfect, has formed a number of industrial clusters, such as Houjie furniture, Humen clothing, Dalang wool, Changan hardware molds, etc., these traditional industrial resources, is to support the development of e-commerce Dongguan's unique advantages. However, due to the lack of e-commerce talent, the development of Dongguan's local e-commerce industry from the 1990s has not been able to form a representative third-party platforms and online merchants. In contrast, 30% of the goods on Taobao come from Dongguan.

Two, Guangdong small and medium-sized technological innovation countermeasures

1. Increase investment in science and technology. (1) Increase enterprise R & D investment to improve the core competitiveness of enterprises. At present, 86% of the world's R & D, more than 90% of the invention patents are in the hands of developed countries, among the "world's innovative countries" ranks more than 20 industrialized countries, with invention patents accounted for the world's total 99%. To be invincible in the fierce international competition, we must improve the level of R & amp; D investment, strengthen R & D efforts to improve technological innovation capabilities, mastery of core technologies. (2) Establish a mechanism to encourage social capital investment. First, the establishment of small and medium-sized enterprise entrepreneurship and development fund, improve the operation system of venture capital, for small and medium-sized enterprises, especially science and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises to provide entrepreneurial and development funds; Second, the establishment of a mechanism to encourage enterprises to increase investment in science and technology; Third, the opening of a technology innovation in policy banks dedicated to lending program, to attract commercial banks and social funds to invest in technological innovation. (3) Utilize tax leverage to encourage donations for technological innovation. Enterprises and public institutions, social organizations and individuals, through public welfare social organizations and state organs to donate non-affiliated scientific research institutions and colleges and universities of research and development funds, according to the provisions of the current year's taxable income deduction.

2. Deepen the cooperation between industry, academia and research. Make full use of the platform of cooperation between Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Technology, and carry out innovative service promotion days and docking activities between industry, academia and research institutes to establish a mechanism for technical exchanges and cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises and scientific research institutes, and to promote cooperation between industry, academia and research institutes. Organize the implementation of a number of technological innovation and technological transformation projects to guide small and medium-sized enterprises to continuously improve the ability of independent innovation.

3. Accelerate the construction of technological innovation carriers. (1) build a good high-tech business park. Science and technology entrepreneurship park can provide enterprises with low-rent factory buildings and market development, management consulting, enterprise capital guarantee and other services, can greatly reduce the risk of high-tech industries, high-tech industry is conducive to the development of the industry. As a link between scientific and technological achievements and industrialization, the Science and Technology Venture Park will also cultivate a large number of composite talents who know both technology and management, which will play an important role in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, especially in improving their independent innovation capability. (2) Improve the science and technology intermediary service system. Accelerate the establishment of regional and professional service system for technological innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises, and build a number of national technological innovation service centers. In accordance with the principle of separation of government affairs and separation of government and society, transfer some functions of government management to the service centers, so that the government and intermediary institutions will have their own responsibilities; at the same time, the relevant departments should strengthen the supervision of the intermediary organizations to make them standardize their operation.

4. Improve the technological innovation system and mechanism. (1) Draw on the U.S. government procurement support system. In the United States Silicon Valley in the early stage of entrepreneurship, its business orders 1/4 from the government, our government at all levels can also learn from the United States government procurement support system, all domestic small and medium-sized enterprises can produce products should be prioritized in the government procurement list, in order to support small and medium-sized enterprise innovation and development. (2) Vigorously implement the strategy of intellectual property rights, and strive to enhance the capacity of technological innovation. Accelerate the construction of a technology research and development infrastructure platform and an intellectual property information public ****service system for the whole society, so that China's enterprises, scientific research institutes and institutions of higher learning can conveniently and quickly retrieve and utilize scientific and technological, intellectual property rights as well as market information through ****enjoying the use of advanced research and development, experimental and testing equipment, lowering the cost of research and development, and shortening the cycle of developing and launching new products. It has implemented pilot projects of intellectual property strategy for small and medium-sized enterprise clusters, carried out special projects to promote intellectual property strategy of central enterprises, and comprehensively promoted the implementation of national intellectual property strategy at the enterprise level. (3) Continuously improve policies and measures to create a fair environment for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Deeply implement the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises and the Regulations of Guangdong Province on the Promotion of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, bring the development of small and medium-sized enterprises into the legalized track, and break the monopoly of sectors and industries. To establish and improve the coordination mechanism for the work of small and medium-sized enterprises, and to protect, in accordance with the law, the property rights of investors in small and medium-sized enterprises, intellectual property rights, the right to operate independently, and the reputation of entrepreneurs, personal and other legitimate rights and interests. (4) Reform the existing fiscal, tax and financial policies on technological innovation to solve financing problems. By adopting the policy measures of appropriation and loan interest subsidy, supplemented by tax reduction and exemption, focusing on the support and all-round promotion of a combination of ways to incentivize enterprise innovation, and create a good financing environment for high-tech enterprises and technological innovation.

5. Accelerate the construction of innovative talents. On the one hand, to attract talents by improving treatment, improve the talent incentive mechanism, allowing technology innovators to patent projects and technology shares, to realize the combination of option incentives and real incentives; on the other hand, to strengthen the training of talents, especially the training of talents within the enterprise, to stimulate the innovation potential of technical personnel.

References

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