Xiangshan county, Xiangshan district, Jianxian county.

Xiangshan county is also a famous hometown of overseas Chinese. Due to the pragmatic, hardworking and enterprising spirit of Xiangshan people, a unique "Xiangshan culture" has been formed in Xiangshan area. The name of Xiangshan County comes from Xiangshan Town, which is located at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain, a branch of Wugui Mountain. According to historical records, Wugui Mountain is rich in "Cross Hua Xian Tea", which is a kind of wild tea. "Cross flower" refers to an orchid with the fragrance of a king. When you smell it ten miles away, people call it "fragrance over the mountain", so Wugui Mountain is also called "Xiangshan", hence the name of Xiangshan Town. Xiangshan Town, the predecessor of Xiangshan Town (now Shanchang Village, Zhuhai City), was the economic, political and cultural center of Xiangshan area at that time. Xiangshan Town was upgraded to Xiangshan County in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 152), and the county site is still in Shanchang Village, Zhuhai. By the Southern Song Dynasty 1 154, Xiangshan County was moved to Shi Qi (now Shi Qi District, Zhongshan City). 1925, in order to commemorate the death of Sun Yat-sen, Xiangshan County was renamed Zhongshan County. From 1849, Portugal occupied Macao as a colony in Xiangshan county until199965438+February 20, when Macao returned to China as a special administrative region. 1952, 1965, the part separated from "Zhongshan County" became the present Zhuhai City, and the rest (except Macao) became the present Zhongshan City. There are two records about the origin of Xiangshan County in Xiangshan County Records. A cloud says, "Xiangshan County was in Panyu County in Han Dynasty, Dongguan County in Jin Dynasty and Dongguan County in Tang Dynasty. In the twenty-second year of Shaoxing in Song Dynasty, Xiangshan County was divided into Guangzhou. Regarding the name of Xiangshan, Taiping Universe has this saying: "Xiangshan in Dongguan County is in the south of the county, three hundred miles across the sea, and there are many fairy flowers, so it is called Xiangshan." According to county records, Xiangshan is "suspected" to be Wugui Mountain.

Since the early Song Dynasty, the residents of Xiangshan Island have started their efforts to establish a county. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1082), Liang Qi, a grain-collecting and transporting official from Ezhou, a native of Wenshun and a scholar, resigned and returned to his hometown. Soon, he consulted with Xu, an official in Guangnan, and they jointly wrote to the court, demanding that Xiangshanzhai (town) be upgraded to a county, but it was not approved by the court.

Seventy years later, Chen Tianjue, then the village official of Xiangshan (the military attache guarding coastal defense, at the county level), persuaded Yao Xiaozi, then the county magistrate in charge of Xiangshan Island, who asked the court to change the clothes of Xiangshan Island from Dongguan to Guangzhou "in order to lose clothes" on the grounds that "clothes belong to Dongguan and are often stolen on the river". It was the 22nd year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 152).

At that time, the anti-Jin situation in the Southern Song Dynasty was quite grim, and the military provisions were in the first place. The reasons held by Yao and others were really easy to impress the court.

Strangely, looking through the history of the Song Dynasty, there was not a word. In the history of Song Dynasty, only Dongguan can be found in the "geographical records" of administrative regions, and there is no word "Xiangshan" at all. There is no record of this in the History of Song Dynasty in the early Ming Dynasty. So the question arises: where did Huang Zuo, who edited the records of Xiangshan County in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Rong Yu, who edited the records of Xiangshan County earlier than him in Yongle period, and jing wong, who edited the records of Xiangshan County in Chenghua period (according to the fact that these two sets of records of Xiangshan County earlier than Jiajing period have been lost) get the information of Xiangshan County?

Although historical materials were lost due to song and yuan war, they were not recorded in the official history of Yuan Dynasty and Song Dynasty. Fortunately, the historical materials have not been completely lost. At least, the source can be found in a variety of historical materials at present.

The earliest is Li Xinchuan (1 167- 1240), who lived in Lin 'an with his father Li Shunchen as a teenager. Shi Chen Shun is the main book of the temple, so Li Xinchuan has the opportunity to read the official history books and finally compile them into books. According to "Jian Yan Nianzhi" records:

"(Shaoxing 22nd September) Bingwu promoted Xiangshan Town of Guangzhou to the county, and invited all departments of this road."

Bi Yuan, the champion born in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, also has the same record:

"(Shaoxing September 22) Bingwu was promoted to a county in Xiangshan Town, Guangzhou."

In the 15th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty, when Vae, the editor of the Hanlin Academy, was appointed as the editor-in-chief of the Cultural Museum of the whole Tang Dynasty, he took advantage of his position to compile Song Yao Hui, the official revised edition of the Song Dynasty included in Yongle Dadian, into the Collection of Song Yao Hui. The book "Yu Fang Parallel" article "States and counties to abandon" also said:

"Shaoxing upgraded Xiangshan Town to Xiangshan County on September 15, 22, which was invited by our own department."

The so-called "invitation of our company" refers to the memorial of Yao and Chen, which was signed by the chief executive of Guangnan Province, who was in charge of Guangdong at that time, and then submitted to the court.

All three, not isolated evidence. So it can be said that Xiangshan was established in Shaoxing on September 15, 2002.

According to the traditional calendar of China, it can be inferred that this year is the year of Ren Shen in the lunar calendar; Converted into Gregorian calendar, the date of county establishment should be11521010/0/4.

According to the traditional calendar, it can also be found that this day is a "day of success", an auspicious day for praying for blessings, entering schools, opening markets, seeking medical treatment and being a servant. Therefore, in order to choose the appropriate date of the imperial edict, the court did have some thoughts.

However, the court's attention to Xiangshan stopped here. What the imperial court cares about is, in the final analysis, the grain tax in Xiangshan. The imperial court never paid attention to the island far from the horizon, so after the county was established, in 17, no county magistrate was sent to the newly-built Xiangshan county at all, but Chen Tianjue was temporarily appointed as the "agent" of the village official. Chen Tianjue, an unknown "county magistrate", generation 17. In addition, before the establishment of the county, he managed Xiangshan Town as a village official and served as the chief executive of Xiangshan Island for 27 years, which is also the record of the longest consecutive term of the chief executive in Xiangshan history. To commemorate his hard work, after his death, Xiangshan people carved a couplet on his tombstone: "The soul of the hero stays in Ku Ling; Wei Ji cheng ".