Mitsubishi spirit totem! The development history of lancer evolution

Unlike others who have planned how to make a decent executive car, a qualified grocery cart, or a nanny car with a lot of space, Mitsubishi? Lancer. Evolution is a natural racing car and a good player in WRC. Ranevo was born in 1992. Up to now, this series has four generations of platforms and ten forms. Lancer Evolution I~III are Pokemon, and the platform code is CD9A/CE9A；; . IV ~ VI are the second generation, and the platform code is CN9A/CP9A；; ; Lancer Evolution VII ~ IX is the third generation, and the platform code is CT9A/CT9W；. . Lancer Evolution X adopts the fourth generation platform with the platform code CZ4A. Since the listing of 1987, the sixth generation Galant, Mitsubishi has begun to form its own image in the automobile industry. Among them, Galant VR-4, which is at the top of the series, is equipped with a four-wheel drive system for the first time and is equipped with a 4G63 engine with high output capacity. With Galant VR-4, Mitsubishi started the WRC World Rally. In the late 1980s, Japan's four-wheel drive car market was divided into different groups. In order to maintain its position, Mitsubishi decided to manufacture a four-wheel drive sports car for WRC.

Despite the precedent of VR-4 in galante, galante's body is too big, so it is necessary to have a lighter and more compact body in order to play a better control role in the rally. In order to win the race, in addition to better handling performance and higher engine output, direct guidance is the key. So Mitsubishi began to look for a car body that is more suitable for 4G63+4WD tension system. At that time, Phantom, a well-known candidate model, and Lan Se, which had a wide market, were finally selected by Mitsubishi. The reason is that Lan Se faces a wide range of markets (including the Middle East market), which requires higher body rigidity than Phantom, and its adaptability to rally will naturally be better than Phantom. Second, because of WRC? The participating cars in Group A must be based on production cars, and the new car series must reach the output of 5000 units if it wants to obtain the certification of production cars. Lancer, who sells better, is naturally preferred. This is the origin of Lancer's evolution.

1992, the appearance of the first generation of LanEVO immediately set off a wave of enthusiasm. Almost the whole large intake dam showed intercooling, many cooling holes in the front of the car, and the bold design of 16-inch large aluminum alloy wheel immediately attracted a large number of enthusiasts. Gradually, LanEVO became the iconic model of Mitsubishi brand. Up to now 18, * * * has four generations and ten forms, and every time it changes a form, LanEVO will show the world an evolution.

The first generation of Evolution was listed between 1992- 1993. But as we all know, Mitsubishi officially only sells the car in Japan, and we have no chance to get close to it. Like the ninth-generation model just retired, Evolution adopted a 2.0L turbocharged engine code-named 4G63, with a maximum horsepower output of 247 horsepower at that time. Even if the same engine is used, Evolution is divided into GSR and RS models. Relatively speaking, GSR is more "commercial". RS pays more attention to the performance of the vehicle, so RS has removed the electric window, rear window cleaning system, ABS and even the seat. Results Compared with GSR, RS lost nearly 70KG of weight, driving and acceleration were obviously improved, but the convenience of daily use was also weakened.

The first generation Lancer Evolution has a top speed of 228 km/h, and the turbine models mentioned below are all based on Japanese regulations.

The replacement of car models is to improve its shortcomings. Some models will use replacement to increase their cabin space, or add other engines with larger displacement. EVO did not change the engine, but the horsepower output increased by 9 horses on the basis of the first generation of 247 horses. Like many replacement models, this replacement EVO lengthens the wheelbase, but the original intention of the car factory is not to meet the needs of passengers, but to improve the vehicle handling of the second generation Evolution. Is this the information feedback on the pull field? In addition to the wheelbase, the position of the second generation has also changed, including the rear spoiler, the track (with wide tires) and the anti-roll bar with larger diameter.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution II'1994–95. Like the first generation model, the TD05H- 16G-7 turbocharger is used.

Photo: Ralliart? Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution II RS'1994–95.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se evolution ii Tension Edition.

The fuselage size of the third generation is the same as that of the previous second generation, but it is slightly different in appearance. It adds a set of front bumpers, new side skirts and more giant bridge-type rear spoilers to reduce lift. Because of the area of bumper air inlet and some new drainage devices, the heat exchange efficiency of engine water tank, intercooler, brakes and other components has benefited to varying degrees, and the driving performance of vehicles has also reached a new level.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution III'1995–96. The turbocharger model is TD05H- 16G6-7.

Also on a new level is the 4G63 engine of the third generation Evolution. The turbine blades of this engine have increased in diameter. The final result obtained by this method is that the engine horsepower is increased to 270 HP and the peak torque is 3 1.5kg. m/3000 rpm, which is also one of the advantages of long-stroke engines.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se evolution iii Tension Edition.

The fourth generation of evolutionists had a major operation. First of all, the front engine of the car rotates at 180 degrees, which means that the front end (pulley side) of the engine was on the left side of the car three generations ago, and now it is fixed on the right side. The advantage of this method is that it can make more ideal body counterweight and improve the torque steering problem that is easy to occur in high-power vehicles.

Secondly, the fourth generation Evolution body has also been strengthened, and the inside of the front and rear bumpers is the focus of this strengthening, which makes this car more comfortable to deal with various dangerous roads and the collision safety has been improved as never before.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution IV'1996–98. Its model is TD05HR- 16G6-9T.

As before, Evolution sells two versions of cars, the familiar GSR and the more "running" rs, and both cars have 280 horsepower. The difference is that the former GSR has a breakthrough optional configuration-Mitsubishi's latest AYC(Active Yaw Control) active steering angle control system, which mainly controls the driving force of wheels on both sides of the rear axle by collecting signals of throttle and G value, thus improving the safety of corners. The design focuses on the RS of the track, but there are also different opinions. Its front and rear differentials are equipped with LSD as standard, which is faster and more direct than AYC, and the whole system is lighter. To put it mildly, this generation of RS can choose 16- 17 inch lightweight rim produced by OZ.

The change of the fourth generation Evolution in appearance is also obvious. It has a pair of huge fog lights that have never been seen before, so the whole car looks more energetic. In addition, the fourth-generation taillights are different from the first three generations.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution IV RS'1996–98. RS is narrow.

Figure: RS inner cabin.

The fifth generation of evolution is the most recognizable generation. Since this generation, evolution has been surrounded by a wide body, especially the wheel arches with outward expansion on both sides. The fifth-generation bridge spoiler at the rear of the car is made of aluminum alloy instead of glass fiber reinforced plastic, which can realize the function of angle adjustment and obtain greater downforce. One advantage of wheel arch expansion is to provide space for wheel heel growth, and at the same time, it is beneficial for rim to change its ET value. In this way, the Brembo four-piston braking system entered the EVO with justification. The addition of Brembo obviously helped this car, so it has been used ever since.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution V'1998–99. Evolved to this generation turbine adopts TD 05 HR-16G6-10.5t model.

As for the interior of the engine, there have also been many changes. Firstly, in order to reduce the weight, the piston skirt was improved. Followed by the camshaft, the new high-angle camshaft makes the valve open longer and increases the volume of combustible gas entering the cylinder. More importantly, the fifth-generation engine ECU allows a larger turbocharging value, which is consistent with the goal of high-angle camshaft. In the external fuel supply part, four injectors with displacement of 560cc replaced the previous 5 10cc, which is undoubtedly beneficial to the engine to do work. Therefore, although the horsepower of the fifth-generation engine has not been improved (actually limited by the previous agreement), its torque has risen above 38 kg m.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution V WRC.

There are two important things in the evolution of the sixth generation. First, Evolution has more models for sale; Second, the introduction of "six generations and a half".

First of all, Evolution has more models for sale. They are GSR, RS, RS2 and RS Sprint, where RS2 is an optional part of adding GSR on the basis of RS. Therefore, it is more like a car that looks like a combination of fish and bear's paw, satisfying people's diverse wishes. RS Sprint is a limited edition model of RS, which is more "golden" and more expensive.

Both GSR and RS 4G63 have strengthened parts in many places on the grounds of improving engine durability, for example, the piston with new material has better working ability. Outside the engine, there is an intercooler and a larger oil cooler, both of which have a positive effect on the engine endurance. In addition, Mitsubishi has specially added titanium-aluminum alloy fan blades to the turbine for RS. This new material is lighter and improves the response of the engine.

The appearance of the sixth generation of evolutionists has changed. Since the fourth generation, the area of large fog lamps has been reduced in the sixth generation and moved to both sides of the bumper. The reason for this is to increase the impact area of engine parts. These practices are a supplement to the engine patience emphasized at the beginning of the Sixth Generation, except for the possibility of improving engine efficiency. The double-layer rear spoiler is also one of the features of the sixth generation.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution VI'1999–20065438+0. Turbine is divided into td05hr-16g6-10.5t (GSR) and td05hra-16g6-10.5t (RS).

Let's talk about the so-called "six generations and a half" (also referred to as TME). This is actually a souvenir, limited to 2000 sets. In memory of Mitsubishi driver Tommi M? Kinen won the WRC championship four times, so Tommi M can be seen inside and outside the car. Words like kinen. Of course, this is not a simple evolution of several English letters. Mechanically, it has a titanium alloy blade turbocharger that emphasizes responsiveness, which can realize the peak torque of the whole 4G63 at a lower speed and improve the acceleration of the vehicle.

The appearance of TME is different from that of the ordinary six generations. The front bumper has a special small air inlet and some special body flowers. The carriage is also different from the ordinary six generations. The most attractive thing is the red/black Recaro bucket chair with Tommi M? Kinen version, a special dashboard is also one of TME's ID cards. In addition, this car has white Enke wheels.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evo Vitomi Makinen Edition. Turbine is divided into GSR: TD 05hra-15gk2-10.5t and RS: TD 05hra-16g6-10.5t. ..

Automatic Call Distributor (ACD) was assembled for the first time in the seventh generation of Evolution. The torque distribution between the rear wheels has become reasonable, and the evolved ability to escape from danger is stronger, which is obviously beneficial to driving safety. Another change in the transmission system is LSD. Starting from the seventh generation, the spiral LSD of the front wheel is more sensitive and effective. But since the seventh generation, the weight of the evolutionary body has suddenly increased, which is not good news for pure driving pleasure. Of course, Mitsubishi has done a series of actions in the position where Evolution hangs to improve the possible impact.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution VII' 20065438+0–03. Turbine is divided into GSR: TD 05hr- 16G6-9.8t and RS: td05hra-16g6-9.8t. ..

Have you noticed? Evolution has used manual transmissions for generations. But the seventh generation is an era of rewriting history. During this period, Mitsubishi introduced an automatic transmission model for the first time, namely GT-A, which was only produced in 2002, and its distinctive feature is 5AT. The selling point of this 5AT is that it has a strong self-learning function. Remember the driver's habits and adjust a set of most reasonable shift modes. This is a bold and pioneering attempt. Unfortunately, evolution failed to produce AT, and finally AT did not appear in the eighth generation of evolution. Due to the force of the transmission, the maximum horsepower of this car is 264 horses.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se evolution VII GT-A, with the turbine TD05HR- 15K2-9T.

Since the eighth generation, Mitsubishi has officially sold Evolution in the United States, but in fact, it has been slow, because its old enemy has tasted soup in the United States. Fortunately, it is not too late to mend. However, even if the car is brought to the United States, the Eight Generations Evolution is only an abridged version of the Japanese version, so the Eight Generations Evolution is not equipped with the AYC system. The 2003 and 2004 GSR models do not have the front spiral LSD (the RS version has the LSD), and the 6MT is also lacking. That is to say, the Evolution GSR and RS sold in the United States from 2003 to 2005 all used the 5MT of Japanese cars.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution VIII' 2003-05. Turbine is divided into GSR: TD 05hr- 16G6-9.8t and RS: td05hra-16g6-9.8t. ..

But one car is an exception. It was Mr. Evolution in 2005. It is the only car in the United States that uses 6MT, and it is equipped with ACD, which shows its unique identity. Its uniqueness lies in that when the GSR models all adopt the common material roof, it has caught up with the RS version, the aluminum alloy roof, and there is a special tail spoiler behind the roof to integrate the airflow. In addition, Billstam shock absorbers and optional BBS wheels.

Since 2005, all Evolution sold in the United States have come standard with spiral LSD. Both GSR and RS have ACD this year.

In particular, RS has comfortable accessories to choose from in America.

Figure: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution 8 American Specifications' 2003-2005.

Photo: Mr. evolution VIII Turbine of Mitsubishi Lan Se is divided into GSR: TD 05hr-16G6-10.5t and RS: TD 05hra-16G6-10.5t. ..

Now turn to the topic of Britain. Evolution sold in Britain has been readjusted by Ralliart UK. These cars all use brand-new names, and the horsepower output has a new value. They are FQ300, FQ320, FQ340 and FQ400 respectively, and the horsepower output is 305, 325, 345 and 405 respectively. A well-known British TV media has done an interesting test, comparing the commercial FQ400 with Lamborghini with the highest performance? Murciélago (even the lowest version has 580 horsepower) walked onto the track and got a result that surprised a group of old reporters. The endings of these two films are very close. Similar tests have been done in some print magazines in Britain, and I have to admit that the FQ400 is a fast one for Audi? RS4, Porsche? 9 1 1? Carrera 4s is a shameful role model.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution FQ-260.

The body code of the ninth generation Evolution is still CT9A, and the engine is still 4G63, but many positions of the vehicle have been changed. For example, 4G63 added MIVIC (Mitsubishi Variable Valve Timing) system, modified turbocharger, and finally slightly improved the output horsepower of Evolution. In addition, the MIVIC not only meets the strict requirements of exhaust emission, but also improves the horsepower and torque output characteristics of the engine, which has many advantages, so it has become the standard configuration of engines in most car factories. In this regard, Mitsubishi is actually not a pioneer.

The appearance change of the ninth generation car body is not as obvious as that of previous generations. However, the Mitsubishi trademark position of the front bumper can still reveal a lot of information. In the United States, the ninth generation Evolution has four models to choose from: GSR, RS, se and MR. Most of the configurations of the ninth generation MR are the same as those of the eighth generation, and the seven-piece BBS forged rim has become the standard in this generation. Se (special edition) is a model close to MR, but SE has no shock absorber of Bilslein. Finally, the configuration of RS is similar to that of the eighth generation.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution Nine' 2005-07. Turbine is divided into GSR TD 05hr-16g6c-10.5t, GT and RS: TD 05hra-16g6mc-10.5t. ..

Photo, Mr. Evolution Nine of Mitsubishi Lan Se' 2006-07.

In Asia, some European countries and Japan, the ninth generation Evolution has different models for sale, such as GSR, RS, GT and MR Ralliart. Roughly speaking, their configurations are as follows:

GSR comes standard with 6MT, Bilstein shock absorber, aluminum roof that once only appeared on MR and RS, low-level sound system, and heavier SAYC (Super Active Steering Angle Control System).

RS, 5MT equipped with the eighth generation modified (denser) transmission ratio, aluminum alloy roof, instrument cluster, greatly simplified interior, LSD, titanium-magnesium alloy turbine and so on. It can be seen that RS still emphasizes the word "light", which is only suitable for teams, and only teams can accept such "home" cars.

GT is basically RS version, but it has the characteristics of GSR. We conclude that the mixed version.

Mr. Laglia, you can imagine its extraordinary model from its name. The car is only sold in the Japanese market, and its characteristics are based on the "six-and-a-half-generation" TME, plus Ralliart's special adjustment, which makes its performance in all aspects more balanced. In addition, Mr. Ralliart's appearance is slightly different from that of ordinary evolutionists, and the front lip is a more obvious position. This car also has a special 17 inch forged Ralliart black rim.

Similarly, only 2,500 Evolution IX cars are sold in Japan? Station wagon, subdivided into two types, one is GT, the other is GT-A, the former uses 6MT, and the latter uses 5AT.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution IX? A van.

The British market still follows its tradition and has introduced FQ300, FQ320 and FQ340 with special names. The horsepower output of the three cars is the same as the name, 300,320,340 horses. Unfortunately, since this generation, the FQ400 with higher performance than the first three models has not been sold in Britain, and it has been replaced by FQ360. Although the horsepower is lower than the former, the torque output of FQ360 is dominant. By the way, the FQ360 is a model that was later sold.

There are surprises in the British market. There are only 200 limited edition FQ-360. Rob may not get it.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution Nine British Specifications' 2005-07.

From the first generation to the ninth generation, 4G63 has been emitting light. However, since the 10 generation, the 4G63 has been replaced by the 300 horsepower 4B 1 1 turbocharged engine. The new engine has an aluminum alloy middle cylinder, which is light in weight and good in heat dissipation. The transmission system also has new blood, that is, TC-SST dual clutch 6-speed semi-automatic transmission system sold in China. This is undoubtedly a relatively convenient transmission system, which is not necessarily good news for die-hard manual fans.

Photo: Mitsubishi Lan Se Evolution X. Turbine is divided into GSR: TD05HA-152G6-12t and RS: TD05H-152G6-12t.

It can be said that the appearance of the tenth generation is more radical than any previous generation. It has a scary mouth and sharp eyes. Unforgettable at first sight. As in the past, Evolution has different configurations for different markets.

Japanese market. The tenth generation Evolution was officially released for the first time in June 2007, with 280 horsepower. However, with the cancellation of the relevant agreement, the subsequent evolution in 2009 has reached 300 horses in the Japanese market. Complete 0- 100km/h acceleration in 4.8 seconds. As for sales volume, there are standard GSR, GSR-Premium, GSR Ralliart Edition and RS. The most advanced GSR comes standard with S-AWC (Super Full-time Drive System), equipped with 5MT and 6-speed TC-SST transmissions, optional Billstam suspension system, with eibach spring, Brembo dual-disc braking system, and some external aerodynamic packages and interiors.

GSR-Premium is the development of more entertainment systems.

In other markets, such as the United States, Britain and parts of Europe, the configuration of the 10 generation Evolution is based on the Japanese version. At most, only minor changes will be made in some positions that do not obviously affect the performance of the vehicle and are easy to change, such as rims, small air force kits on the body, entertainment systems, etc. Obviously, the evolution image developed to the tenth generation is more frightening, but the configuration is also more humanized. The entertainment system that has been added one after another is one of the signs. Of course, this is also the inevitable result of the development of models. They are all hard RS, so the customer base is not very narrow.

Mitsubishi announced that the Lan Se EVOlution model will end at the end of 20 14, and no EVO models will be produced after 20 15. This 10 generation model launched in 2007 has actually become a masterpiece of Evo. Lancer EVOlution, which has gone through 22 years, was once all-powerful in the field of rally and was once all the rage in the field of modification. The retirement of Evo made many fans feel sorry and surprised.

Figure: EVO X has become the final model of Lancer Evolution and the masterpiece of a generation of famous cars.

It is understood that the position of EVO will be replaced by a more compact plug-in hybrid car, which is also very helpless. After all, hybrid and even pure electric vehicles are the general trend. Whether it is a large four-door car or a super-running car with tough performance, it is approaching hybrid to declare a more environmentally friendly concept.

This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.