Urgent! My orchid leaves began to dry up in large areas. What happened?

Explain that there are other problems with your orchids! Orchids like shade, avoid direct sunlight, like humidity, avoid dryness, like fertile, humus-rich, well-drained, slightly acidic sand, suitable for air circulation environment.

Mainly look at the following points:

I. Place

The location of orchids is very important, which directly affects their growth and development. Orchids are generally placed in the open field in spring, summer and autumn (in the open shade in summer) and indoors in winter. It is best to be outdoors in an open and humid place. There should be enough light indoors, preferably facing south. In this way, it is beneficial to orchid growth. It's best to put the basin on a wooden frame or table, not on the ground.

Second, shading

Orchids are mostly semi-negative plants, and most varieties are afraid of direct sunlight and need proper shade. Orchids can get more sunshine in the first half of April to promote their growth. Appropriate shade should be provided after the end of April. Erect leaf varieties from Xia Lan and Qiu Lan are best placed in the cool south to get more sunshine. Qiu Lan and Chunlan with drooping leaves should be exposed to the sun for two hours every day. Shade early every day from June to September. If a reed curtain is used, a dense curtain or two-layer thin curtain can be used. After 10, the weather turns cold and the sunshine is weak, so the shading of vegetables can be postponed, but attention should still be paid to shading around noon.

Third, rain protection.

Orchids can rain lightly, but we should avoid mildew rain, showers or even rainy days. In the rainy season, it is particularly necessary to do a good job of rain protection. From late June to mid-September, showers are frequent. If it rains for a short time and the rainfall is small, water it more at night to discharge the hot air in the basin, otherwise it will damage the orchid and even rot its roots and die. If the sun shines after the rain, it should be shaded in time to avoid the influence of the rising heat on the growth of orchids.

The rainy season is the stage when orchids grow leaves. If the pot soil is too warm, it will lead to bad growth of leaves or cause diseases. At this time, a small amount of plant ash can be sprinkled to adjust the humidity of the basin soil.

Fourth, water.

The flower proverb says that "dry orchids wet chrysanthemums" has some truth. Generally speaking, orchids are best to be eight points dry and two points wet. If it is too wet, it is easy to make flowers rot and die. The principle of watering should be: water when it is dry, stop when it is wet, and dry when it is suitable. When mastering the details, it is generally necessary to pay attention to watering more during the growing period (the end of May-June), watering less during the germination period (about March-April) and flowering period (about March-April), and watering less or not during the dormant period (winter). If the flowerpot is big and the orchid plant is small, water less; if the potted plant is big, water more. Water more when the climate is hot and dry, and less or no water when it is cold and humid (such as rainy season). If the roots of orchids newly dug from the mountains are sparse or broken, they should be watered less to make the soil dry, so as to avoid root rot and be conducive to pumping new leaves.

As the ancients said, the experience of "dry in autumn and not wet in winter" well summarized how Chunlan and Xia Lan watered. But in some areas in the north, orchids are not too dry because the climate is too dry in winter and early spring.

Watering time: it is advisable to water orchid leaves after sunset in summer and autumn, so that they can be dried before nightfall, or watered in the morning; It is best to water before and after sunrise in winter and spring. It is not allowed to irrigate with cold water suddenly after the sun burns, so as not to lower the soil temperature, affect the water absorption of roots and interfere with the physiological balance. The amount of watering should not be too large to inhibit the occurrence of diseases.

Watering method: water should be poured from the pot, not into the bud, so as not to cause rot.

The predecessors had great experience in watering orchids. For example, Zhao Yu put forward different watering methods according to the 24 solar terms in the Dumen Lanyi Ji, and the excerpts are as follows for your reference. However, we should pay attention to two points: first, Dumen Lanyi is based on the climate of Beijing; Second, the month in the article refers to the lunar calendar rather than the Gregorian calendar. For example, "the first month" is actually February in the Gregorian calendar.

1, beginning of spring, it rains, Chunlan has flowers, the soil should not be too dry, and it is slightly wet along the basin; Don't water the Qiu Lan Basin if it hasn't been dried to the end.

2, Jing Zhe, when the Chunlan basin is half dry (above the ground), it can be watered and wet, but it should not be too much. Qiu Lan is the same as before.

3, the vernal equinox, Chunlan has faded, avoid dampness, and moisten the basin when it is half dry.

4, Qingming, Grain Rain, don't let the pot soil be too dry, water it every five days.

5, long summer, LAN began to leave home, should be watered once.

6, Xiaoman, the pot soil can not be too dry and too wet, the spots on the leaves are too wet, and the dead tips of the new buds are too dry. Water one liter (about dry teacups) every four days to make the soil moist from bottom to top.

7, awn species, dry climate, be careful not to be too wet is more appropriate.

During the summer solstice, the soil in the basin should not be too dry. In case of heavy rain, you can only endure it for one day. If it rains, the basin should be moved to a ventilated place.

9. Summer is hot, and the air is too wet at this time, so the basin soil should not be too wet. The pot should be placed in a ventilated place. If it's hot and rainy, water one liter every two days, and be sure to dry it to two-thirds of the soil, otherwise don't water it again.

10, at high temperature, the soil in the basin is easy to dry to the end. It should be noted that it should only rain or wet once a day.

1 1, beginning of autumn and Lanzhou need to be watered at this time, and they need to be watered for 2 liters every 3 days, so as to avoid the wind once every second.

12, watering once every five days, in addition to continuous fog and rain, you can get in touch with rain and dew.

13, in the Millennium, Qiu Lan needs watering more than Chunlan, but when the water is wet, it must be dried before it can be wet again.

14, autumnal equinox, there are flowers in Lanruo autumn, so water less; If there are no flowers, water a little more.

15, cold dew, Qiu Lan should be watered thoroughly, and Chunlan should not be soaked.

16, Chu Shuang and Lan Yi entered the room, and the watering time was changed to noon. After watering, expose yourself to the sun 1-2 hours.

17, beginning of winter, only suitable for hydrating, about five and a half days.

18, light snow, greenhouse should not be warm, not too wet, if too wet, it can cause rotten roots, scarred leaves and even wither, if the pot is not dry to the end, just slightly wet the soil.

19, heavy snow, Qiu Lan doesn't need water, Chunlan should be slightly wet.

20. The solstice in winter is not suitable for irrigation.

2 1, slightly cold, avoid watering.

On the 22nd, it was cold, and Qiu Lan still didn't need water. Chunlan could be slightly moistened with water.

V. Fertilization

Fertilization of orchids depends on their growth. Fertilization can be applied to those who are flourishing and disease-free, and no fertilization or a small amount of fertilization can be applied to those who are not growing well. Don't use chemical fertilizer until the new roots of orchids dug from the mountains grow. They need to be cultivated for 1-2 years, and they can only be fertilized when the new roots are vigorous, otherwise they will die easily.

Generally speaking, in June and July, when the bud length of orchid leaves is about 1.5cm, 1-2 times of dilute decomposed liquid fertilizer can be applied (chemical fertilizer is not suitable), but it is not suitable for fertilization in high temperature season. Apply 1-2 times of decomposed dilute liquid fertilizer from August to September. Orchids planted in the heart can be smeared 1-2 times with plant ash leaching solution, and the effect is very good. It is best to apply fertilizer at night and water it again the next morning.

A simpler way to distinguish whether orchids need fertilization is to look at the shade of leaves. Yellow and thin leaves are lack of fertilizer and should be topdressing; Fertilization should be stopped because of excessive fertilization, black leaves and scorched tips.

Fertilizer can be made by the above methods. When applying these fertilizers, it is necessary to add 8-9 times of water for dilution, and it must not be too thick. When fertilizing, it should be applied to the rhizosphere of plants, and never to the leaves. The main fertilization time and date of orchids

Number of times, date category, first time, second time, third time and fourth time.

Cymbidium hybridum was extremely thin for the fourth time in late June, mid-July, mid-August and early September.

The fourth time Sharan was particularly thin was in late June, mid-July, mid-August and early September.

Qiu Lan was particularly thin for the fourth time in early June, late June, late July and mid-August.

Sixth, pruning

Orchid cultivation should be pruned continuously. When the old leaves turn yellow, they should be cut off in time to facilitate ventilation, and the dry tips of some leaves should also be cut off. In particular, leaves damaged by pests and diseases need to be removed in time to avoid infection. When cutting off infected leaves, don't cut off diseased leaves with scissors to prevent virus infection. If the same scissors are used, they need to be disinfected.

After the flower buds of rare orchids are unearthed, if there are too many flower buds, we should leave strong flower buds and remove the remaining fine flower buds. It is advisable to leave 1-2 buds per pot. If there are too many buds, it will not only make the flowers bloom badly in that year, but also consume too many nutrients from the female parent, which will affect the next year's flowering. Generally, orchids do not cut flower buds.

Chunlan flowers bloom for about half a month, that is, they need to be cut; The flowers in Xia Lan should also be cut from the inflorescence one week after the last flower blooms. Precious varieties are not suitable for pollination, otherwise it will affect the next year's flowering. If it is a hybrid, it needs to be cultivated in addition to making the fruit full and mature.

Seven, prevent colds

Qiu Lan should do a good job of cold protection in advance. If the temperature is 2-3℃, you can move indoors. Orchids in cold regions grow in the south and need to be protected from cold in advance. In spring and Xia Lan, the cold resistance is strong. If it is frozen, it should be moved indoors in time. The room temperature can be kept at 65438 0-2℃ for wintering. When the room temperature drops below zero due to a severe cold current, it needs to be heated in time. Generally, it is good to keep the room from freezing.

Indoor, Qiu Lan should be placed on the south side, and on the other side in spring and summer. Around noon, open the windows in the south and southeast for ventilation (Qiu Lan is not allowed to open windows on cloudy days of 1-2℃ to prevent cold wind from blowing frostbitten leaves). Qiu Lan likes to be dry in winter, and the rest of the soil in the orchid pot should be kept moist.

Eight, picking flowers

For orchids that don't grow well, pick flowers if there are not many leaves in each cluster or the roots are not good. For better varieties, Chunlan can properly pick 1-2 buds, and when the buds are elongated, 1-2 buds can be left in Xia Lan, and the rest can be picked, so that the flowers can bloom for a long time, new leaves are pumped more, and old leaves are not easy to die.

Precious spring orchids should be picked within 3-5 days to make the leaf buds grow sturdily; When the bloom in Xia Lan reaches the top flower, it can also be cut off at a distance of cm from the basin surface.

Nine, flood control

If the cultivation area is open and the terrain is high, and there is strong wind or typhoon crossing the border in summer, it is necessary to do a good job of windproof to avoid the leaves of Xia Lan or Hanlan being broken.

X. Spray

In the dry season, spray on the balcony where potted flowers are placed every evening, mainly to moisten the ground and increase the air humidity. Blue flowerpots should also be sprayed. Spray upward when spraying, so that the droplets are even and the leaves are moist, which can promote the orchids to grow well and the leaves are shiny.

Twelve, pest control

It is necessary to carry out sterilization and disinfection (exposure to the hot sun is enough) to prevent diseases. Orchids are most prone to white silk disease in rainy and high temperature seasons, which can be prevented by spraying Tobuzin 800 times solution or Bordeaux solution. If the condition is serious, tobuzine can be released 500-750 times and sprayed once every 7- 10 days. Scale insects are the most common pests and attach to the base of leaves. If scale insects are found, they should be removed in time. In order to avoid the invasion of scale insects, "1059" 2000 times solution can be used for control from April.

In order to suppress the occurrence of orchid diseases, in the selection of flowerpots, besides properly controlling the degree of dryness and wetness of the soil, more pottery pots should be used, and less glaze pots should be used. In particular, orchids newly dug from poorly growing mountains must be planted in clay pots. Doing so makes the pot soil easy to dry, which can promote the growth of orchids and reduce the incidence.

To raise orchids well, we must master their habits. The habits of twelve wings of orchid art in Ming Dynasty are summarized as follows:

One likes the sun and is afraid of heat, the other likes the wind and is afraid of cold.

Three like rain and fear coquettish, four like moist and fear wet,

Five likes to do and fears to do, and six likes to be afraid of thick soil.

Seven joys are fat and afraid of turbidity, and eight joys are yin and afraid of dust.

Nine likes heating and fears smoke, and ten likes insects and fears insects.

Eleven likes to get together and be afraid of leaving mother, and twelve likes to cultivate fear and arrogance.

Editor of the ancient book "Yang Lan under temptation": "Spring does not come out, summer does not last, autumn is not dry, and winter is not wet." The so-called "spring does not come out" means that you are not in a hurry to go out in spring, because the climate changes greatly in spring, and it is often cold in spring; "Summer is not enough" means that bluegrass is most afraid of the scorching sun. When it comes out of the house, it should be placed under a shade shed and cannot be exposed to the sun. "Don't do it in autumn" means that when it is cool in autumn, water it properly to keep the soil moist and promote growth; "It is not wet in winter", because bluegrass has entered a semi-sleep state, and the water demand is small, so it is necessary to control the amount of watering.

The following focuses on fertilizer, water and light for orchid cultivation.

Fertilize soil or land

Although orchids are cultivated by orchid mud, the nutrient area in the basin is limited, so it is very important to supplement nutrients in the long term. No fertilization, more fertilization and then fertilization. Cymbidium grows in a pot, and the soil in the pot is too fat to survive. Even if it can survive, it rarely blooms. If there is too much fertilizer in summer, leaves will flourish in autumn, which often leads to poor flowering of leaves in the next spring. If there is too much nitrogen fertilizer and leaves are too fat on weekdays, the growth and nutrition of leaves and flowers will be unbalanced, and only long leaves will not bloom. How to apply fertilizer properly? Generally speaking, leaves and buds are new, and a small amount of light liquid fertilizer can be applied. It is more suitable to apply fertilizer once every half a month to three weeks before the new grass is unearthed in May and before beginning of autumn. It is necessary to master the principle of applying more thin fertilizer, applying fertilizer at vernal equinox and autumn equinox, and applying fertilizer 20 days after the flower withers. It is best to apply fertilizer at night and water it again the next morning. The safer method is to apply fertilizer according to the depth of leaf color. Yellow and thin leaves are lack of fertilizer and should be topdressing; Black leaf tip scorched is excessive fertilization, so fertilization should be stopped. Usually effective liquid fertilizer is to cook wheat or soybean or mash mussels, fish and shrimp, soak them in water for several months until there is no odor, and add 8-9 times of water to use them. Fermented and decomposed human excrement, bone meal, cake fertilizer, etc. It can also be applied, and the ratio of fertilizer to water is about 10%.

water

As the saying goes, "Dry orchids wet chrysanthemums". Blue flowerpots should not be too wet, as long as they are kept wet, 80% dry and 20% wet is the best. Water according to the degree of dryness and wetness of the basin soil and the growth of bluegrass. The new grass has not been unearthed in April-May, so it should be put on a basin to dry to prevent the new buds from rotting. June-September is the season of vigorous growth of new grass. At this time, the temperature is high and the evaporation is large, so it is necessary to increase the amount of watering (don't water around noon). When it turns cold in autumn, the watering amount should be reduced as appropriate to keep the basin soil moist. In winter, we should control the amount of water, and the water must be dried, not splashed with cold water. It is wise to water around noon. Water should be injected from the edge of the basin, not from the head. The water used is rainwater and spring water, including river water, river water and tap water, and well water is the most taboo. All kinds of water should be taken out of the water storage tank for one day, so that the sewage in the water can precipitate, chlorine can escape, and the water temperature is normal, and then it can be poured out. Orchids also have certain requirements for air temperature. In summer, besides watering, the ground should be watered or sprayed. Orchids can get wet with light rain, so avoid continuous rain or heavy rain, otherwise the heart and leaves will rot easily, so get up and cover them when it rains in the middle of the night, especially in rainy season.

illuminate

Although orchids like shade, if they are kept in a cool place all the year round, they will also affect flowering. In spring and summer, it is best to shade the sun with reed curtains or put them in indoor windows facing east and south. Orchids under the curtain should be rotated once every half a month, so that they can be exposed to light on all sides and grow in a balanced way. In cool autumn, remove the basin from the shade and bask in the sun for half a day. When it is cold, put it under the indoor window for the winter. The temperature should be kept at 1℃-2℃, not too warm or frozen.