What's Chang Xia's name frog?

The temperature is obviously rising, the summer heat is coming, thunderstorms are increasing, and crops are growing in the peak season.

The origin of the long summer solar term: On May 5th or 6th, every year, when the sun reaches 45 degrees of the yellow meridian, it is the "long summer" solar term.

This season was established at the end of the Warring States period (239 BC), indicating the change of seasons, and it was the day when the four seasons were divided into summer according to the lunar calendar in ancient times. For example, The Interpretation of Yizhoushu Poems says: "On a long summer day, the sound is like cricket. On the fifth day, the earthworm came out. Another five days, Wang Guasheng. " That is to say, in this solar term, first of all, you can hear kangaroos (that is, crickets) croaking in the field (that is, frogs), then you can see earthworms digging in the soil, and then the vines of melon begin to climb and grow rapidly, which describes the phenological scene in early summer. "Twenty-four solar terms" said: "It was also the beginning of long summer, when Xia Zhishi was established and everything was false." The "false" here, that is, "big", means that the plants sown in spring have grown upright.

In fact, according to the standard of climatology, the daily average temperature rises to above 22℃ steadily, starting from summer. Before and after the "Long Summer", only the area south of Fuzhou-Nanling Line in China is really "the shadows of trees are deep in summer, and the balcony is reflected like a pond", while the northeast and northwest parts have just entered the spring, and the average temperature in most parts of the country is around 18 ~ 20℃, which is true.

In May, Sophora japonica blooms in many places. In the long summer, everything is thriving. The book "Eight Chapters of Lotus Life" written by the Ming Dynasty said: "On the day of summer dream, heaven and earth began to merge and everything was beautiful." At this time, the summer harvest crops entered the late growth stage, the winter wheat blossomed and filled, the rape was close to maturity, and the summer harvest crops were basically a foregone conclusion that year. Therefore, there is a saying in agricultural proverbs that "see summer in the long summer". Rice planting and management of other spring-sown crops have also entered a busy season. Therefore, China has always attached great importance to the long summer solar terms. According to records, during the Zhou Dynasty, on the day of long summer, the emperor personally led hundreds of civil and military officials to the suburbs to "welcome summer" and instructed Si Tuleideng and other officials to encourage farmers to work hard.

After the long summer, Jiangnan officially entered the rainy season, and the rainfall and rainy days increased significantly. Continuous rainy days not only caused wet damage to crops. It will also cause the prevalence of many diseases. The heading and flowering period of wheat is the most susceptible period to scab. If warm but rainy weather is expected in the future, close attention should be paid to spraying chemicals from the early flowering period to the full flowering period. Cotton in southern China often causes outbreaks of anthracnose, damping-off and other diseases under the weather conditions of continuous rain or sudden warming and cold, resulting in large-scale dead seedlings and lack of seedlings. Necessary measures to increase temperature and reduce humidity should be taken in time, combined with chemical control to protect seedlings and strive for strong seedlings. "There are many kinds of seedlings in the long summer, and more millet is harvested in Man Cang", and it is the red season of early rice transplanting in the north and south of the Yangtze River before and after the long summer. Full-moon seedlings can be planted, but full-moon grass can't be planted. At this time, the temperature is still low. Immediately after planting seedlings, we should strengthen management, topdressing early, ploughing early, controlling pests early and promoting development early. Pay close attention to tail sweeping when sowing mid-season rice. At this time, the spring shoots of tea trees develop fastest. If we ignore them, tea leaves will get old. As the saying goes, "Grain Rain picks less, but doesn't pick it in the long summer", so we should concentrate our efforts and harvest it by surprise in batches.

Before and after the long summer, the temperature in North China and Northwest China rose rapidly, but the precipitation was still not much. In addition, the wind is strong and evaporation is strong in spring. Atmospheric dryness and soil drought often seriously affect the normal growth of crops. Especially, the dry hot wind before and after wheat filling and milk ripening is an important disastrous weather that leads to yield reduction, and timely irrigation is the key measure for drought resistance and disaster prevention. "hoes are everywhere for three days in the long summer", when weeds grow rapidly. "Don't mow the grass for one day, and don't mow it for three days." Intertillage weeding can not only weed, resist drought and prevent waterlogging, but also increase the ground temperature and accelerate the decomposition of soil nutrients, which is of great significance to promote the robust growth of crops such as cotton, corn, sorghum and peanuts at seedling stage.

After the long summer, it is the key period for planting early rice in a large area, and the arrival and amount of rain during this period are closely related to the future harvest. The farmer's proverb says well: "If it doesn't last long in summer, the plow will hang high." "There is no rain in the long summer, and there is no rice in the head." There is also a folk custom that weight is afraid of summer heat. It is said that after weighing this day, you will not be afraid of the heat and lose weight, otherwise you will be troubled by the disease. Jiangxi also has the custom of drinking tea in the long summer, saying that if you don't drink tea in the long summer, you will suffer all summer. As early as ancient times, kings often went out of the city to welcome summer on the first day of summer, and the day to welcome summer was long summer.

"The Book of Rites and the Moon Order" explains the saying of Chang Xia: "When insects come out, melons grow long, and bitter vegetables are obvious." Explain that at this time, frogs began to clamor for the coming of summer, earthworms were busy helping farmers to loosen the soil, and wild vegetables on the ridge were also scrambling to be unearthed. In the morning, when people walk in the countryside, fields and beaches in the early summer sunshine, you will feel the deep affection of nature from this mild sunshine.