BYD's "razor blade battery" can really cut the safety of new energy vehicles questioned?

Batteries are the "heart" and "soul" of new energy vehicles, however, in the past few years, as the market mainstream lithium ternary batteries but because of the high energy density, become an important reason for the frequent fires of electric vehicles, so that consumers on the electric car

This is the first time that we have seen a battery in an electric car.

To this end, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has issued a special "to carry out new energy vehicle safety hidden trouble investigation work notice", the notice requires all new energy vehicle manufacturers to carry out the company's production of new energy vehicles to carry out the safety of hidden trouble investigation work, but also to assume the first responsibility for the safety of the new energy vehicles, visible spontaneous combustion events for the industry's negative impact of the weight.

At this juncture, BYD's lithium iron phosphate "razor blade battery", which is said to be the corrective to previous industry safety issues, was finally unveiled at the online conference on March 29th, and for the first time, it has been announced that it has successfully passed the "pin-prick test".

As we all know, a good power battery product needs to go through a series of experiments such as vibration test, simulated collision, extrusion and seawater immersion. Among them, the most difficult to pass is undoubtedly the pinprick test, because the thermal runaway caused by collision, extrusion, etc. is still only a probabilistic event, while the pinprick test is a direct simulation of internal short circuit of the battery, using a steel needle to pierce the battery pole plate to cause a short circuit of the battery, which triggers the thermal runaway of the battery, to test the battery's safety performance. And observation of 1 hour, not fire, not explosion is qualified, visible means of detection of its harsh.

And in the test announced at the conference, in the same conditions, ternary lithium batteries in the pinprick instantly appeared violent temperature changes, the surface temperature quickly exceeded 500 ° C, and extreme thermal runaway - violent combustion phenomenon, the battery surface of the egg was blown up; traditional block lithium iron phosphate battery after being punctured No fire, smoke, the surface temperature reached 200 ℃ - 400 ℃, the battery surface of the egg was high temperature scorching; BYD "blade battery" in the penetration of no fire, no smoke, the battery surface temperature is only 30-60 ℃ or so, the battery surface of the egg is unchanged, is still in the liquid state of the flow.

This result is enough to prove that "blade battery" completely get rid of the traditional power battery may occur thermal runaway critical situation, also means that when the car suffers from the intrusion of foreign objects, and hurt the battery, will not happen when the explosion phenomenon, can effectively protect the safety of the car occupants.

With these safety guarantees, Wang Chuanfu even said with great confidence: "Blade battery reflects BYD's determination to completely end the safety pain points of new energy vehicles, and is more than capable of leading the world's power battery technology route back to the right path, the word spontaneous combustion from the dictionary of new energy vehicles completely erased."

In fact, safety has always been the long-term advantage of lithium iron phosphate route of power battery, but in fact, the "blade battery" of the greater significance is still to improve the range.

Lithium iron phosphate battery itself has the advantage of high safety, but because of the relatively low energy density, so in the new energy passenger car manufacturers blindly pursue range in the competition, by the higher energy density but inherent thermal stability of the ternary lithium battery left behind.

But lithium ternary batteries are still expensive because of their cobalt content, and they also have a greater risk of accidents because of their instability, which must be supplemented by cutting-edge battery thermal management systems. In contrast, the advantages of traditional lithium iron phosphate battery is lower cost, better safety, but the problem is that the energy density is insufficient, and the significance of the "blade battery" is to make up for this shortcoming.

Based on BYD's patent program, the "blade battery" is actually an innovative design for the battery pack structure. Because the battery unit looks like a razor blade, it is named "blade battery".

Because of its flat structure, it is easy to stack, reducing the use of crossbeams or longitudinal beams in the battery pack, or even eliminating the use of crossbeams or longitudinal beams, which improves the utilization of space in the battery pack, and in turn improves the capacity, voltage, and endurance of the entire battery pack. In layman's terms, it is through the advantage of the stack volume, the arrangement of relatively low energy density lithium iron phosphate battery can also achieve the comprehensive range of lithium ternary battery effect.

So, what is the specific effect? BYD in its patent has given an example, in the electric car, this design can be space utilization from the original ?40% or so, increased to ?60% or even higher ?80%, which means that the original ?400 ?kilometers of range of the car, after carrying blade battery, will be able to directly increase the ?200 ?kilometers of range. At the same time, because of the use of fewer cross members and longitudinal beams, also allows the battery pack production process has been simplified, can to a certain extent to the battery pack weight reduction. Theoretically, this could also result in a lighter weight range increase. In this way, this blade battery technology is really something.

And put into practical use, it is reported that BYD's latest blade battery will be equipped for the first time in the Han EV, and listed in June this year, the battery system energy density of 140Wh/kg, there are two versions of the range, a single-motor version of the NEDC range of 605km, dual-motor version of the NEDC range of 550km. this level of range, even if with the ternary lithium batteries will be played around with the This level of range is also quite competitive even when compared to Tesla, which has mastered the ternary lithium battery.

In addition, the lithium iron phosphate cell itself is much lower cost, according to the relevant information, lithium iron phosphate system of the cost of kilowatt-hour electricity can now be done 600 yuan, while the market is common ternary 811 system of kilowatt-hour electricity cost, even if the Tesla estimates that it is also necessary to 1,000 yuan. Take a model with a 60-degree battery as an example, if the use of lithium iron phosphate, the cost is 36,000 yuan, the use of ternary lithium batteries, the cost is between 60,000 yuan -72,000 yuan. The almost doubled cost difference is undoubtedly a world of difference for automakers. From this perspective, BYD's "razor blade battery" can even solve the pain point of high cost of new energy vehicles to a certain extent, but also let people have more expectations for the final listing price of BYD Han.

At the end of the day, it's clear that BYD is full of ambition when it comes to blade batteries. The emergence of blade batteries may change the industry's reliance on ternary batteries, return the power battery technology route to lithium iron phosphate, and even redefine the safety standards of new energy vehicles. More importantly, at present in the international, fuel cells, lithium iron phosphate, lithium ternary batteries and other mainstream power battery technology routes after several sinking, the only China still has a complete and advanced lithium iron phosphate battery supply chain, such as lithium iron phosphate back to the track, BYD may also be able to become China's new energy "curved road overtaking" the merit of the minister.

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This article comes from the authors of the automotive home, does not represent the views of the automotive home position.