What were the military strategists who were respected by later generations in ancient China?

In terms of military strategists, only Sun Wu, a recognized soldier sage, and Han Xin, a soldier fairy, have been mentioned by some people, but they have not become common sayings. History books call the four sages of military strategists: Sun Wu, Wu Qi, Han Xin and Bai Qi. In addition, Wu Temple also honored Jiang Taigong as the king of Wu Cheng.

Ya sheng Wu qi

Bingxian Han Xin

Kill a god/a man to kill someone

Overlord Xiang Yu

Jiang Ziya, Vu Thang

There was a little Zhuge Bai Chongxi in modern times.

On Bing Sun Xinwu and Liu Bocheng

There is also a mythical figure who is honored as the "master of the military", that is, Chiyou. It is clearly recorded in Historical Records that Ba Shen of Qi is second only to heaven and earth, and the sacrifice ranks third. Most other medieval military figures are like the answers of friends on the third floor, and many of them are incomplete and unclear. Personally, I think that such good generals as Zi Long and Yun Chang can't be counted as military strategists, but at most they are called famous generals. Without a handsome talent, let alone a unique military thought, it is not in line with a "strategist." I always thought that generals could not be equal. Handsome must be skillful in strategy, and fighting thousands of miles away can win. That's all that matters. It doesn't matter whether martial arts can keep you safe under the sword or you don't have martial arts. Handsome also knows how to command generals and so on, so generals can't mess around.

China's Top Ten Military Geniuses

1. Tian Lei (? -258), also known as GongSunQi, was born in Qin (now northeast Shaanxi) county during the Warring States Period, and was a great strategist and commander in chief in the history of China.

Comments: Bai Qi is another great military commander in the history of China War after Sun Wu, and also the most outstanding general in the history of Qin. Tian Lei was good at fighting all his life. He fought in the battlefield for 37 years, defeated more than 70 cities and wiped out millions of enemies, laying the foundation for unifying the state of Qin. Historian Sima Qian praised Bai Qi for "unexpected enemy changes, which surprised the world" (Historical Records, Biography of Bai Qi, Wang Jian).

Tian Lei's main records:

In the battle of yique, the allied forces of Korea and Wei killed 240,000 people. Attack Chu three times, attack the capital of Chu, burn its ancestral temple, and annihilate 350,000 Chu troops.

Attacking Zhao, 600,000 troops of Zhao were annihilated successively (including the battle of Changping). Attack Korea and destroy Wei, and annihilate 300 thousand.

Tian Lei probably wiped out 1 650,000 troops from six countries in his life!

Title: Wu Anjun. Official position: Guo Wei (Minister of National Defense).

Nickname: God of War, murderer, the first of the four famous generals in the Warring States Period.

Tian Lei commanded many important battles. Destroy the Chu army, invade Ying capital, and force Chu to move the capital, and Chu never recovered. The battle of yique wiped out 240,000 Korean-Wei allied forces and completely defeated the eastward advance. The battle of Changping wiped out 450,000 Zhao troops in one fell swoop, creating the earliest and largest encirclement and suppression precedent in the history of China. The size of more than 70 wars, no defeat, from the lowest military attache has been sealed in Wu Anjun, the six countries began to feel afraid when they heard the news.

The battle of Changping * * * killed 450,000 people, plus 240,000 people who attacked Korea and Que before, hundreds of thousands of people drowned when attacking Chu, 0/30,000 people were killed when attacking Huayang, 20,000 people were killed in the battle of Yan, and 50,000 people were killed when attacking Korea * * more than one million people. This is a very incomplete Tian Lei murder bill. According to Liang Qichao's research, during the Warring States period, * * * killed two million people, accounting for half. Later, due to disagreement with the king of Qin on whether to attack Zhao again, he was replaced by a mausoleum and retired from the historical stage.

Bai Qi is another great military commander after Sun Wu in the history of China War and the most outstanding general in the history of Qin State. Tian Lei was good at fighting all his life. He fought in the battlefield for 37 years, broke through more than 70 cities and wiped out millions of enemies, laying the foundation for the reunification of Qin State. Historian Sima Qian praised Bai Qi for "unexpected enemy changes, which surprised the world" (Historical Records, Biography of Bai Qi, Wang Jian).

Bai Qi's art of operational command represents the level of war development during the Warring States Period. Use your troops badly, be good at analyzing the situation between the enemy and ourselves, and then take correct strategic and tactical policies to attack the enemy. For example, in the battle of yique, we concentrated our forces and divided them one by one; Tao Xin's tactics in the battle of Yan Li were accompanied by water attack; The battle of Huayang was a long-distance attack. The battle of Changping lured the enemy away from the established position by pretending defeat, and then divided into encirclement tactics, killing 450,000 enemies, creating the largest example of annihilation war in the history of pre-Qin war, and it was also the earliest, largest and most thorough panic war in the history of China. Its scale and brilliant achievements are also rare in the history of world wars. The battle of Changping also reflected the development of the war itself.

Bai Qi's art of operational command represents the level of war development during the Warring States Period. Use your troops badly, be good at analyzing the situation between the enemy and ourselves, and then take correct strategic and tactical policies to attack the enemy. For example, in the battle of yique, we concentrated our forces and divided them one by one; Tao Xin's tactics in the battle of Yan Li were accompanied by water attack; The battle of Huayang was a long-distance attack. The battle of Changping lured the enemy away from the established position by pretending defeat, and then divided into encirclement tactics, killing 450,000 enemies, creating the largest example of annihilation war in the history of pre-Qin war, and it was also the earliest, largest and most thorough panic war in the history of China. Its scale and brilliant achievements are also rare in the history of world wars. The battle of Changping also reflected the development of the war itself.

Leitian's operational guidance has three characteristics: first, it is not the only goal of attacking cities and seizing land, but the ideology of annihilation with the main purpose of annihilating the enemy's effective forces, and he is good at fighting in the field, which is the most prominent feature of Leitian. He is an unparalleled commander in chief who used panic tactics in the history of war. He is also one of the three military commanders who are best at fighting annihilation in the history of China War (the other two are Genghis Khan and General Su Yu). But it is very rare that Bai Qi advocated the war of annihilation more than 2000 years ago. Second, in order to achieve the goal of annihilation, the emphasis on the pursuit war and the fierce pursuit of the enemy are obviously a step forward compared with Sun Wu's "If you don't pursue, you will have yourself" and Shang Yang's "If you can't drive ten miles north, you will win a big victory" (Shang Jun Shu Tactics X). Third, pay attention to field fortifications, first lure the enemy out of fortified positions, and then build fortifications in the expected enemy-killing areas to stop the enemy and prevent its breakthrough. This kind of operational guiding ideology with fortifications as auxiliary attack means was unprecedented at that time.

The field mine war emphasizes practical use and actual combat effect. He was the first official of Qin Shihuang to rule this country.

2. Sun Wuzi was a native of Changqing, and later generations respectfully called him grandson and Sun Wuzi. Born around 535 BC in Le 'an, Qi (now Huimin, Shandong), the exact date of birth and death cannot be verified.

Under the strict training of Sun Wu, Wu Jun's military quality has been obviously improved. In 5 12 BC, He Lv and Wu Wu commanded Wu Jun to conquer Zhong You (now the northeast of Suqian, Jiangsu) and Shu (now the west of Lujiang County, Anhui). At this time, He Lv was hot-headed and bent on conquering Du Ying (now Jin 'an City, jiangling county City, Hubei Province). Sun Wu thought it was wrong to do so, so he suggested: "The Chu army is the strongest in the world, not comparable to Shu and Zhong. Our army destroyed two countries in a row, and our military resources were exhausted. It is better to retreat temporarily, recharge your batteries and wait for the opportunity. " The prince of Wu listened to Sun Wu's suggestion and ordered the division to be removed.

Wu Zixu also fully agreed with Sun Wu's proposition, and offered a plan to the prince of Wu, saying, "The troops are tired and not suitable for expedition. However, we can also try to make the Chu people tired. " So Wu Zixu said that Sun Wu * * * discussed a plan to harass the State of Chu, that is, to form three powerful teams to harass the State of Chu in turn. When the first army of the State of Wu attacked the territory of Chu, the State of Chu saw that the troops were not small, so it went all out and sent troops to meet it. When Chu Jun went out, Wu Jun retreated. When the Chu army returned to the station, the second army of Wu invaded the territory of Chu. Such repeated attacks made Chu deal with Wu Jun year after year, which consumed a lot of manpower and material resources. The country was empty, and the vassal States defected one after another. However, Wu plundered a lot from repeated attacks, and completely gained the upper hand in the confrontation with Chu.

In 506 BC, the State of Chu attacked Cai Guo, a small country that had joined the State of Wu, giving Wu Jun an excuse to attack the State of Chu. He Lv, Wu Zixu and Sun Wu led 30,000 chosen men, who went up the Huaihe River and headed for the place where Cai Chu fought. Seeing the ferocity of Wu Jun, we had to give up the siege of Cai, shrink our forces, assemble the main force, take the Hanshui River as the boundary, step up fortification and fight against Wu Jun's attack. Unexpectedly, Sun Wu suddenly changed the route of marching along the Huaihe River, abandoned warships, attacked by land, and went straight to the depth of Chu.

Wu Zixu asked Sun Wu, "Wu Jun is used to water and is good at water warfare. Why did he change to land? "

Sun Wu told him: "It is the most expensive and the fastest to use soldiers. You should take an unexpected road so as to be caught off guard. Sailing against the current is slow, and Chu Jun must seize the opportunity to strengthen its defense, so it is difficult for the enemy to break through, "Wu Zixu nodded and said.

In this way, among the 30,000 elite soldiers, Sun Wu selected 3,500 strong and agile men as the front line, wearing solid armor and holding sharp weapons, and defeated the Chu army again and again. Lunar calendar165438+1October 28th, King Zhao of Chu fled with his sister. Sun Wu attacked Chu 200,000 with 30,000 people, and won a great victory, creating a brilliant example of winning more with less.

At this moment, however, the State of Yue attacked Wu by taking advantage of Wu Jun's attack on Chu, and Qin sent troops to help Chu deal with Wu Jun. In this way, He Lu had to lead the troops back to Wu. Since then, the State of Wu has continued to attack the State of Chu, which moved its capital from Ying to Du (now southeast of Yicheng County, Hubei Province) to avoid national subjugation.

While planning to conquer Yue, Sun Wu helped He Lv break the West and strengthen Chu. In 496 BC, He Lv heard that Wang Yunchang was dead, and Gou Jian, the newly acceded king of Yue, was young and weak, and the country was unstable. He thought it was now or never.

If you can't lose, you won't listen to the advice of Sun Wu and others. Before everything is ready, you are in a hurry to send troops to defeat Yue. Unexpectedly, Gou Jian reorganized his team and took the initiative to attack. The two armies joined forces at Li (now southwest of Jiaxing County, Zhejiang Province) on the border of wuyue. Gou Jian used clever tricks. He first sent the condemned prisoners up, arranged them in three rows, put the sword around his neck, made statements and performances one by one, and then left himself in front of the battle line. The soldiers of the State of Wu did not know that they were criminals, but they forgot their thoughts and were blindsided. The Vietnamese army took the opportunity to charge, and Wu Jun retreated hastily, and He Lv was seriously injured.

After He Lu's death, Prince Fu Cha succeeded to the throne, and Sun Wu and Wu Zixu rearmed to help Fu Cha accomplish the great cause of revenge. In the spring of 494 BC, Gou Jian mobilized troops to March on Wu from the water, and Fu Cha led 65,438+10,000 soldiers to attack Yufujiao (now Taihu Lake in the southwest of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province). Under the planning of Sun Wu and Wu Zixu, Wu Jun arranged many swindlers at night, divided them into two wings, and held high torches, only to see the flames connect into one piece in the dark night, moving quickly to the position of the Vietnamese army and killing them into the sky. The Vietnamese army was terrified. Under the pursuit of Wu Jun, Gou Jian came to a small town in Huiji Mountain (now southeast of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province) with 5,000 chosen men, and was narrowly resisted. Because of Wu Jun's encirclement, Gou Jian had to make peace with Wu. Fu Cha refused to listen to Wu Zixu's dissuasion and agreed to Gou Jian's peace request.

After winning the hegemony of the south, Wu continued to March into the Central Plains in the north. In 485 BC, Fu Cha joined forces with Lu and defeated the Qi army. In 482 BC, Fu Cha led tens of thousands of elite soldiers to the north by water, arrived in Huangchi (now south of fengqiu county, Henan), and joined forces with Jin, Lu and other vassal states. Fu Cha, the king of Wu, won the hegemony with the powerful military force as the backing. Although Sun Wu didn't directly take part in the battle against Qi to win and fight for hegemony with Jin, before that, Sun Wu carefully trained the army and formulated military strategy, which made great contributions to Fu Cha's hegemony.

Sun Wu's military theory is not without shortcomings and mistakes, but it goes far beyond the contemporary art of war works, and has deeply influenced the later generations with its outstanding knowledge, and has been widely praised by military strategists at all times and at all times. For example, Sun Wu advocated "careful war". Sun Tzu pointed out at the beginning of Sun Tzu's Art of War: "War is a national event, which is related to the life and death of the people and the survival of the country. It must be carefully studied and carefully considered." Sun Wu also warned the monarch not to fight because of anger, and the general not to fight because of anger. They must look forward and backward, and make decisions according to the national interests. For example, Sun Wu put forward the famous assertion that "know yourself and your enemy, and fight every battle", and thought that you must know your own strength and the situation of the other side like the back of your hand, grasp the dynamic changes of the other side at any time and place, and take corresponding contingency measures to win the war. For example, Sun Wu also put forward the idea of concentrating superior forces to fight a war of annihilation, arguing that no matter how strong the overall strength of the enemy and ourselves is, we should create opportunities to give us an advantage in local forces, and we should take one as ten, win more with fewer and completely destroy the enemy. ..... These brilliant military thoughts and theories are highly respected by military strategists, and Sun Wu is unanimously regarded as the "father of military strategists" by military strategists at all times and all over the world. During the Warring States Period, many military strategists such as Wu Qi, Sun Bin and Liao Wei praised Sun Wu's military art as second to none. Cao Cao, a famous politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period, praised Sun Tzu's Art of War. He personally sorted out the predecessors' research on Sun Tzu's Art of War and made a concise "brief explanation" to provide convenience for future generations to learn and use Sun Tzu's Art of War. In the Ning Dynasty, Sun Tzu's Art of War, as the first of the seven books on martial arts classics, became the theoretical subject of martial arts examination in the imperial examination, and Sun Tzu's Art of War was widely circulated in the society from then on. At the same time, The Art of War has spread to Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Israel and even Britain, Germany, Russia and other countries.

Modern warfare uses many new weapons, which is very different from the conditions of ancient warfare. However, the basic principles and principles of war discussed in Sun Tzu's Art of War have not changed because of the changes in the war situation, so they are still widely respected by military strategists. Mao Zedong, who led the victory of the China Revolution, once spoke highly of: "It is still a scientific truth that Sun Tzu's art of war, knowing yourself and knowing yourself, is invincible." In the Gulf War of 1990, American general Svart Kov used the principle of "focusing on commanding the army" in the oldest art of war and the famous strategic thought to control and equip the most modern war weapons to win the war. Svart Kov was also called "the general's guide". Liddell hart, a famous British military strategist, said in the preface to the English version of Sun Tzu's The Art of War: "The thought of China, an ancient military strategist more than 2,500 years ago, is very helpful for studying the war in the nuclear age."

Military strategists at all times and all over the world use the military theory discussed in it to guide the war, not only in the military field, but also in all fields of society, especially in enterprise management. Although Sun Wu's military theory and enterprise management have different fields of activity, they do have many similarities. Market competition is war. The Encyclopedia of Sun Tzu's Art of War written by Japanese entrepreneur Takeo Hashimoto pointed out: "It is more reasonable and effective to use China's Art of War to guide enterprise management than American enterprise management." Hodges, a famous American economist, pointed out in his book Enterprise Management that many principles revealed in the Art of War are still irrefutable and still have their application value. The ancient art of war shines with fascinating brilliance in modern society. Although Sun Wu was not born in Emperor Wu, his life activities were in Emperor Wu.

Sun Wu's most outstanding contribution in history is that the Art of War has been circulated for nearly 3000 years, and its influence has never subsided.

3. Han Xin? -Former 196), a native of Huaiyin (now southwest of Huaiyin, Jiangsu), was a founding hero of the Western Han Dynasty. China is a great strategist, strategist, commander-in-chief and military theorist in history.

High-impedance Liu Bang often talks with Han Xin about the general's talent. Liu Bang asked, "Can I study geometry?" Han Xin said, "Your Majesty can only pay 100,000 yuan." Liu Bang asked, "What about Jun?" Han Xin said: "The more ministers, the better the ears." Liu Bang said with a smile, "The more the better, what's the use of my bird?" Han Xin said, "Your Majesty can't be a good general, but a good general. That's why you are a bird. Besides, your majesty's so-called gift is inhuman. " ("Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou")

His superb art of war can defeat Xiang Yu.

4. Yue Fei (1103-1142) was a military strategist and national hero in the Southern Song Dynasty. Word Ju Peng, Xiangzhou Tangyin (now Henan) people. When I was young, I was diligent and eager to learn, and I developed a good martial arts. Yue Fei's father Yue and his mother Yao Shi have been farming for generations. As a teenager, Yue Fei learned archery and gun skills from Zhou Tong and Chen Guang successively, and became the strongest martial artist in the county. However, due to his poor family, he later came to Xiangzhou (now Anyang) to "make a living as a guest in the Han and Wei Dynasties." /kloc-joined the army at the age of 0/9 to fight against Liao. Soon after, due to the loss of his father, he retired and returned to his hometown to observe filial piety. 1 126, the nomads from the Jin army invaded the Central Plains on a large scale, and Yue Fei joined the army again and began his military career against the Jin army and protecting his family. Legend has it that when Yue Fei left, his mother, Yao Shi, tattooed on his back the words "faithfully serve the country", which became the creed that Yue Fei followed all his life. .

Yue Fei's ambition didn't come true. He wrote the word "Man Jiang Hong", which is the last song of the ages:

Angry, leaning on the railing, resting in the rain.

Looking up, screaming in the sky, strong and fierce.

Thirty fame, dust and earth, eight thousand miles of clouds and the moon.

Don't be idle, white and sad!

Jingkang is ashamed, but it is still snowing.

When will courtiers hate it?

Take a long-distance bus and break through the Helan Mountain Que! The monk longed for pork, but he said he longed for Hun blood.

Stay from the beginning, clean up the old mountains and rivers, and go to the sky!

Yue Fei is skilled in strategy and rigorous in running the army. His army is famous for "freezing to death without demolishing houses and starving to death without exile". During his military career, he personally participated in and commanded 126 battles, never losing, and was a veritable victorious general. Yue Fei did not leave any special military works, but his military thoughts and general plans for running the army were scattered in books, memorials, poems and so on. Later generations compiled Yue Fei's articles and poems into Legacy, also known as Collection of Yue Zhong and My King.

Daikin was arrogant at that time, but he couldn't beat Yue Jiajun of Yue Fei.

5. Genghis Khan, a blitzkrieg hero in the era of cold weapons. His Mongolian cavalry shocked the Christian world in Europe and the Islamic world in West Asia. He fought countless battles in his life, destroyed more than a hundred countries, and the victory of military power was unparalleled. The Mongolian Empire established by his descendants is the largest empire in the world. People call them "conquerors of the world". Never talk about him in front of Europeans because they hate him so much.

Lin Biao and Su Yu (1907- 1984) are outstanding revolutionary strategists and strategists in China. Hunan Huitong people, Dong people, first named Su Duozhen, Su Zhiyu. Marshal and general who can command a million-strong army in the New China Liberation Army.

8. Yuan Chonghuan

The most unjust dead generals in the late Ming Dynasty, Emperor Apocalypse and Emperor Chongzhen, firmly held the northern gateway of the Ming Dynasty when they were the governors of Ningyuan, and once killed Nurhachi, leaving Huang Taiji at a loss. Yuan Chonghuan's death was equivalent to losing a lock on the North Gate of the Ming Dynasty, and at the same time, his strategic thought of promoting peace through war failed to be implemented, which led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty.

9. Li Shimin

Li Shimin (65438+5991October 23rd-10, July 649) was the second emperor in the Tang Dynasty, and his name meant "saving the world and helping the people". After Taizong's death, it was named as the temple. He was also a strategist, politician and calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. He initiated the "rule of chastity" in history. By actively eliminating the separatist forces in various places, and moderately practicing frugality, the people can recuperate, and a peaceful and prosperous society has emerged. This laid an important foundation for the later prosperity of Kaiyuan and pushed the feudal society of China to its peak.

10. Ban Chao (32- 102), born in Ping Ling (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi), was a famous strategist and diplomat in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Ban Chao is the youngest son of the famous historian Ban Biao. His brother Ban Gu and his sister Ban Zhao are also famous historians. Ban Chao is ambitious and doesn't fix details. But I am filial in my heart, and I have been working hard at home, and I am not ashamed of my efforts. He is eloquent, well-read, able to weigh the weight, sense motive.

In the 16th year of Yongping (73), Dou Gu, a captain, sent troops to attack Xiongnu, and Ban Chao followed the Northern Expedition and served as a pseudo Sima (acting Sima) in the army. The puppet Sima Guan was very small, but it was the first step for Ban Chao's literary career to turn to military life. As soon as Ban Chao arrived in the army, he showed his unique talent. He led his troops to attack Yiwu (now the fourth fort in Hami, Xinjiang) and moved to Prehai (now Barkhor Lake, Xinjiang), and tried his best to capture many enemies. Dou Gu appreciated his military talents and sent him to the Western Regions with Guo Yao.

After a short and serious preparation, Ban Chao and Guo Yao led 36 people to the Western Regions. Ban Chao went to Shanshan first (now southwest of Lop Nur, Xinjiang). King Shanshan was caring and attentive to Ban Chao and others. Later, his attitude suddenly changed and he became slack and indifferent. Ban Chao with their own sensitivity, it is estimated that there will be a reason. He said to his men, "Would you rather be generous and humble? There must be an emissary from Beilu who is suspicious of what the unknown has done. Wise men see before they sprout, and the situation is evil (Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty).

So Ban Chao called the Shanshan waiter who received them, and unexpectedly asked him, "The Huns have been here for a few days, and now they still care (The Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty)? The waiter was surprised and couldn't say anything for a while, so he had to tell the truth. Ban Chao locked up the waiter to prevent the news from leaking. Then, immediately called 36 men, a high drinking meeting. When Ban Chao was drunk, he deliberately set up a paragraph to anger everyone: "Cao Qing and I are both in a unique field, and we want to make great contributions to realize wealth. Today, a few days after Lu Shi was laid off, Wang Guangli's respect was abolished; If Shanshan is sent to Xiongnu, bones will grow for wolves to eat. Why? " Everyone said, "Now we are in danger and will live and die from Sima." Ban Chao said, "Nothing ventured, nothing gained. Today's plan is unique because attacking Lu with fire at night will make him not know how powerful I am, and he will go into shock and be exhausted. You destroy this, you will be kind and brave, and you will succeed. " A subordinate said, "When you have a discussion," the whole class was furious and said, "It depends on today. If you are a literary and vulgar official, you will be afraid of this, and you will die without a name. You are not a strongman (Biography of Were Ban Chao)! The subordinates agreed unanimously.

Every day, just after dark, Ban Chao led his soldiers straight to Xiongnu Messenger Station. When it was windy, Ban Chao ordered ten men to hide behind the enemy's compound with drums. As soon as the fire broke out, they banged the drums and shouted loudly. And ordered others to ambush on both sides of the door with swords, guns and crossbows. After the arrangement, Ban Chao set fire to the downwind. At that time, 36 people clamored before and after, and the momentum was huge. The Huns were in a mess, and there was no way out. Ban Chao personally killed three Huns, his men also killed more than 30 people, and the rest of the Huns died in the fire.

The next day, Ban Chao reported it to Guo Yao. Guo Yao was surprised first, and then uneven colors appeared on his face. Knowing that he was jealous, Ban Chao raised his hand and said to him, "Although I can't do it, why can't Ban Chao do it alone?" ? Guo Yaoxi is happy with the color. Ban Chao invited King Shanshan to show him the head of the Xiongnu messenger. King Shanshan was shocked and shocked the whole country. Ban Chao kindly comforted him, and he had a point. King Shanshan expressed his willingness to join the Han Dynasty and agreed to send the prince to the Han Dynasty as a proton.

Ban Chao completed his mission, led the people back to Beijing and reported the situation to Dou Gu. Dou Gu was overjoyed. The above table shows the process and achievements of Ban Chao's mission, requesting the emperor to send envoys to the Western Regions again. The emperor appreciated Ban Chao's bravery and strategy and thought that he was a rare talent. He said to Dou Gu, "Why don't you choose a better official than Ban Chao? Today, with Chao as the army's Sima, there is much to be done "(Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty). Dou Gu thinks there are too few people in Ban Chao and wants to give him more. Ban Chao said, "It's enough to transfer our office from more than 30 people. If something goes wrong, no matter how many benefits there are, you will be tired (Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty).

Ban Chao and others headed for the Western Regions and soon arrived in Khotan (also known as Yu Zhen, Xicheng, Wang Zhi, now Hotan, Xinjiang). At that time, Wang Guangde in Khotan had just conquered shache (shache, Wang Zhi, now shache, Xinjiang), and the Xiongnu sent an envoy to Khotan, named lord protector, who actually held the power of the country. After Ban Chao arrived in Khotan, King Khotan was rude and cold to him. At that time, witchcraft prevailed in Khotan, and the wizard said to King Khotan, "Why are you angry with Han? Is there one in Han Shi? Ma, hurry up and find me at the shrine "(Biography of Were Ban Chao). King Khotan sent someone to Ban Chao to beg for horses. Ban Chao knew what had happened and readily agreed. However, it is recommended that the wizard take the lead. When the wizard arrived, Ban Chao jumped in, killed him, and returned his head to King Khotan. Knowing the stakes, he was responsible for morality. King Khotan had long heard that Ban Chao had killed the Xiongnu emissary in Shanshan, and he was very afraid. He immediately ordered the killing of Xiongnu messengers and joined the Han Dynasty. Ban Chao gave it to the King of Khotan and his courtiers.

At that time, King Qiuci (Wang Zhiyan, now the eastern suburb of Kuqa County, Xinjiang) supported by Xiongnu was overbearing on the North Road. He sent troops to attack Shule (Shule, Wang Zhi, now Kashgar, Xinjiang), killed the king, and set up another Qiuci pocket, named Shule King. The Shule kingdom was actually in the hands of Qiuci people. The following spring, Ban Chao led his men to Shule. Ban Chao went to the 90-mile-long city where pocahontas lived and sent his official Tian Lin to capture pocahontas. Ban Chao instructed: "Pocket book-asking is not a frugality, so the people of China would not have to die. If you don't fall, you can hold it "(Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty). Tian Yu looked at the topic alone. Seeing Tian alone, he didn't mean to surrender at all. Tian caught him by surprise and hijacked him. Suddenly, the people in Doutie ran away in fear. Tian Chan galloped to Ban Chao to report to me. Ban Chao immediately came to the city. He summoned all the civil and military officials in Shule, told them Qiuci's unreasonable behavior, and announced that Zhong, the nephew of the monarch of Shule, who had been killed, was named king. People who are frugal are happy. The new king and a group of officials wanted to kill Douti, but Ban Chao, proceeding from the overall situation, persuaded everyone and released Douti to show Wade's trust in the Han Dynasty. Relax and calm down.

So far, Ban Chao has been to China twice, and with his wisdom and courage, Shanshan, Khotan and Shule have successively restored friendly relations with the Han Dynasty.

In 75 AD, Emperor Hanming died, and the state of Yanqi (Qucheng, one of the five rulers, belongs to South Acheng, now Yanqi Hui Autonomous County, Xinjiang) took the opportunity of the Han Dynasty to besiege Duhu in the western regions and killed Duhu Mu Chen. Ban Chao was isolated, and countries such as Qiuci and Gu Mo (now Wensu and Aksu in Xinjiang) sent troops to attack Shule many times. Ban Chao and Shule Zhong Wang are horns, echoing each other from beginning to end and refusing to defend the city. Although he was alone, he refused to keep it for more than a year.

In 76 AD, Zhang ascended the throne, and the court considered him dead. Worried that Ban Chao was alone at the border and could not support him, he ordered Ban Chao to return home. Ban Chao was ordered to return, which worried the whole country. Commander-in-Chief Li Jian said: "If Special Envoy China abandons me, I will be suppressed by Qiuci again. I can't bear to see the Han envoy "(Biography of Ban Chao in the Later Han Dynasty). With that, he drew his sword and killed himself. Ban Chao led the army to Khotan, where the King Hou and all the people were in tears. They said, "I'm like my parents, so I really can't go" (The Biography of Were Ban Chao). Many people still cling to Ban Chao's legs, struggling to retain. When Ban Chao saw this scene, he knew that his elder would never let him go back to the East, and he wanted to stay here and fulfill his ambition of making contributions in a foreign country, so he resolutely decided not to go back to the Han Dynasty and return to Shule. The two cities of Shule, after leaving Ban Chao, have returned to Qiuci to join forces with Weitou Prefecture (now Akqi, Xinjiang). The picture shows chaos. Ban Chao captured the rebel leader alive, defeated the Weitou country, killed more than 600 people, and restored peace in Le Shu.

In the third year of the founding of Zhang Han (78), Ban Chao led more than 10,000 soldiers from Shule and other countries to attack Gu Mo, beheaded 700 soldiers and isolated Qiuci.

In five years (80 years), Ban Chao wrote to Emperor Zhang, analyzed the situation of the western countries and his own situation, and put forward the idea of taking the opportunity to pacify the western countries.

The book said: "I secretly saw that the first emperor wanted to open the western regions, so I attacked the Huns in the north and established foreign countries in the west, and doing good deeds turned into real time." Now rice, shache, Shule, Yueshi, Wusun, Kangju, etc. are all willing to join in, trying to crush Qiuci so that they can cross the Han Dynasty. If you get Qiuci, you will get 1% that the western regions are unconvinced. I am my own slave, and I am a small official. I really want to work in Ji Gu and abandon myself in the wilderness of Zhang Qian. In the past, Jiang Wei's doctors from all over the world were able to reconcile with Zhu Rong. Kuang Chen was under the power of the big fellow, but he didn't have to use a chisel to chisel. Previous discussants all said that we should take thirty-six countries and count the Huns' right arms. Today, all countries in the western regions, big and small, have defected to the future since they entered the customs, and have never stopped paying tribute, except Yanqi and Qiuci. Before the minister and 36 officials, they were appointed as territories, and they were prepared for difficulties. In the five years since I was alone in Le Shu, I know Okoyi's feelings quite well. When asked whether the battlements are big or small, they all say' Eternal Korea'. If it is effective, the gun collar can pass, and the general rules of the gun collar can be cut by Qiuci. Today, it is advisable to worship Qiuci's servant Baiba as the king, ride a hundred steps to send him and unite with other countries. In his spare time, Qiuci can be a bird. It is also a good plan to attack Yidi with Yidi. I have seen shache, Shule, with fertile fields, grazing and grazing Raoyan, not as good as Dunhuang, and being idle is also idle. Soldiers can eat and be self-sufficient without China.