Thesis on the culture of red wine

With the improvement of China's living standards, red wine in the country has formed a new drinking culture, that we understand the culture of red wine and how much? To this end, I have organized for you on the content of the wine culture paper, welcome to read reference!

The differences between Chinese and Western wines

Turning over the scroll of history, wine is like the shadow of mankind as the shadow of the shadow, where there are people there must be the appearance of wine. Therefore, in the endless years, the wine culture gradually precipitation molding, become a thick and full of historical flavor of the textbook, left for future generations to evaluate.

Both in China and in the West have a long and splendid wine culture. "If the sky does not love wine, the star of wine is not in the sky. If the earth does not love wine, there should be no wine springs on earth. Heaven and earth that love wine, love wine is not ashamed of the sky", the Oriental poet Li Bai so passionate love of wine; and in the wine to the inspiration, created a large number of popular poems, so the descendants are said: Li Bai do wine poems a hundred, can be seen Li Bai's love of wine. Similarly, there are celebrities in the West who are fond of wine. For example, Pasteur, the father of red wine in the West, compared wine to the sunshine that gives life to all things, saying: "A day without wine is equivalent to no sunshine", and he regarded wine as his lifelong love of business, and burned his life to love it until the end of his life. Li Bai and Pasteur, two people who also love wine, the love of wine, respectively, in the East and West of the fire sprinkled, thrive and grow, giving birth to a very different and have their own distinctive East and West of the wine culture.

The birth of wine is a masterpiece of nature, the history of wine is much longer than the history of human civilization. Around the 3rd century BC, the sea pioneers will be brought to the Greek islands, and then passed to Gaul (now France); at the same time, the Romans also learned from the Greek viticulture and winemaking technology, the Roman Empire for the colonial expansion of this technology throughout France, Spain, North Africa and the Rhine Valley region of Germany. 15 to 16 centuries, this technology into South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Korea; the 19th century, this technology has been introduced to South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, In the 15th and 16th centuries, the technology was introduced to South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and Korea; and in the mid-19th century, it was introduced to the United States. Today, viticulture and winemaking are practiced all over the world.

With the introduction of wine into human civilization and its integration, a unique wine culture was formed and widely spread. The emergence and development of this wine culture is inextricably linked to the exploration of the outside world, the rise and development of religion, the expansion of colonization at home and abroad, political and economic trade exchanges, and the spread of culture and art. When we try to understand wine culture, we must also first understand the development of human civilization into religion, politics, economy and culture.

The almost familiar poem by the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Han is the culmination of the fusion of grapes and wine with traditional Chinese culture. In China, the introduction of viticulture and winemaking technology should be attributed to the Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian mission to the Western Regions, the "Historical Records & middot; Dawan biography" records: "Wan around the bushel of pottery for the wine, the rich hide wine to more than 10,000 stone, the longest dozens of years do not lose. Commonly addicted to wine, horse addiction to alfalfa. The Han ambassador to take in fact, so the son of heaven began to plant alfalfa, Pu Tao fertilizer." After the Wei, Jin, North and South Dynasties, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties development, this technology has been better developed, the wine culture has gradually formed the development, and reached a peak. However, at that time, only a very small number of areas such as Liangzhou can cultivate grapes, coupled with the transportation is not as developed as now, wine can only be used as a kind of circulation in the king and grandchildren of the aristocracy as well as some of the literati between the precious beverage, did not get a large area of promotion, did not become a popular drink.

Therefore, the popularization of wine culture in ancient China had great limitations. The wine industry did not get more development during the Ming and Qing Dynasties until 1892, when Zhang Bishi created Zhangyu Winery and the Chinese wine industry started industrialized production. However, most of the wineries suffered serious blows during the long period of internal and external wars and gradually declined and closed down. After the founding of New China, the wine industry was emphasized by the government and slowly developed again, gradually becoming a popular beverage. Therefore, the development of China's wine industry can be described as a series of twists and turns, and has not yet had the opportunity to form a deep heart of the people's hearts of the strong belonging to the local wine culture, it can be said that there is a cultural fault.

In a broad sense, wine culture includes thousands of years of continuous improvement and enhancement of viticulture management technology, winemaking technology, legal system, wine customs and wine rituals, drinking utensils, as well as the literati and wine-related paintings and calligraphy, poems and phrases, and so on, and in a narrower sense of wine culture only refers to wine drinking etiquette, customs, and anecdotes, and so on. China's local wine culture has not been fully developed, and most of it stays in the simple discourses and literary people's drinking stories, and has not developed similar wine customs and rituals such as white wine, and there is no behavioral norms for Chinese people to follow.

In contrast, the wine culture of Western countries is much more complete. In the West, wine culture has been developed in a comprehensive way through continuous exploration, which has greatly influenced the growth of wine culture in the East. For example, Chinese wine drinking etiquette is guided by Western wine culture. To analyze: In China, wine is only promoted as a new type of wine, and people buy wine out of curiosity and following the trend. People buy wine out of curiosity and following the trend. They lack the ability to appreciate and recognize wine, and lack the support of culture. In contrast, Westerners tend to drink for the sake of drinking, paying more attention to the process of drinking and to the tasting and appreciation of the wine itself.

In Western banquets, toasts are generally chosen after the main course, desserts are not on between the toasts will be raised high in the glass Qi eyes, looking at each other, and at least to drink a mouthful of wine, to show respect, how much wine to drink is with personal preference, easy and comfortable. In addition, they have almost strict requirements in pouring, tasting and matching of dishes. I think the difference between Chinese and Western wine cultures is also due to the influence of dietary structure. Chinese people's diet structure focuses on the combination of plant food and animal food, while most Western countries such as France, the United States and the United Kingdom have a diet structure that favors animal food, with meat, eggs and milk accounting for a large proportion of high-fat and high-protein food, whereas the consumption of wine can help digestion, and in moderation, can help to prevent and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease. The unique dietary structure of the West makes the Western countries more inclined to drink wine.

So, let me introduce you to the differences between Chinese and Western wines.

1 different types of wine

China's wine culture has a long history, although the longest history of yellow wine, but the most representative of the Chinese wine than white wine, from a certain point of view can be said that China's wine culture wine is white wine culture. Because in China's many kinds of alcohol, she has a long history, mature technology, is still the world's largest production of distilled spirits. China is a large agricultural country, and thus food brewing is the most common.

And known as the cradle of Western civilization, Greece is located in the Balkan Peninsula, surrounded by sea on three sides, the territory is dotted with mountains and islands, the soil is relatively poor, belonging to the typical Mediterranean climate. Not conducive to the growth of food crops, cereal crops yield low, only to meet the edible, it is difficult to have a surplus for winemaking. Grapes, which prefer gravel soil, are widely grown in Greece for their drought resistance and adaptability to the Mediterranean climate, and wine meets the needs of Westerners for alcohol. Therefore, from a certain point of view can be said that the Western wine culture is wine culture.

2 Drinking etiquette is different

There is a big difference between Chinese and Western wine culture, and therefore drinking etiquette is also different. Carefully pondered, you can find such a law, the Chinese drinking is important to the people, to see and who drink, to drink the atmosphere; Westerners drink wine, to see what wine to drink, to fully enjoy the wine's delicious.

Chinese drinking etiquette reflects the respect for the drinker. Who is the host, who is the guest, have a fixed seat, have a fixed order of toast. The toast should start from the master, the master does not toast the end, others are not qualified to toast, if the order is to be punished. And the toast must be from the most honored guests to start, the toast to the glass should be full, expressed also on the toast to the respect of the person. The younger generation to the elders, subordinates to the superior toast should take the initiative to toast, and pay attention to the first dry for the respect. Drinking etiquette, such as drinking orders and fist fights, also came into being in order to make the drinker more enjoyable. Obviously, the Chinese wine culture is y influenced by the Chinese traditional ethical culture of honoring the superiority and inferiority of the elders and the young, and the respect for the drinker is placed at the top of the list in the process of drinking wine.

The etiquette of wine drinking in the West, on the other hand, reflects the respect for wine. Tasting wine should look at its color, smell its fragrance, taste its flavor, mobilize all senses to enjoy the wine. In the order of tasting, it is important to drink white wine first and then red wine, first taste the lighter wine and then the stronger wine, first drink the younger wine and then drink the longer vintage wine, according to the changes in the law of taste, and then gradually enjoy the changes in the flavor of the wine in depth. The selection of the wine vessel is also centered on how to let the drinker enjoy the wine to the fullest. Let the aroma convergence cup tulip-type goblet, so that the body of the wine to fully stretch the decanter, and even for the mastery of the wine temperature for the tasting of specially designed thermometer, all reflecting the Western respect for wine, their drinking etiquette, drinking culture are for the better enjoyment of the delicious and the development of.

3 Drinking for different purposes

In China, wine is often used as a tool. In China, wine is often used as a tool. The so-called drunkard's intention is not to drink, but to care about the landscape. The pleasure of the landscape, the heart and the wine. People rely more on drinking wine to pursue something other than wine. Green plum boiled wine is to argue who is the hero, the cup of wine will not stop the wine, in order to eliminate all the sorrows with you; the seven sages in the bamboo forest singing wildly, in order to take refuge in the wine. Wine in the eyes of the Chinese people is more as a tool of communication, so in the Chinese wine culture lack of scientific and systematic theoretical analysis and evaluation of the wine itself, more concerned about the wonderful effect of drinking him.

In the West, the purpose of drinking wine is often very simple: drink wine to enjoy it, and drink wine to enjoy it. Of course, in the West, wine also has a social function, but people are more interested in how to enjoy the flavor of the wine.

Comparing the Chinese and Western wine cultures, we can find that the difference between the wine cultures is actually the difference between the Chinese and Western ways of thinking. Chinese people think in a broad strokes style, while Westerners think in a straight line style.

Currently, Chinese wine culture is still immature. This is mainly due to the fact that wine consumption in China is still constrained by many factors, such as the lack of matching of Chinese wines with food, and the high price and low quality of Chinese wines, all of which have affected the development of wine in China to a certain extent.

Happily, as China's standard of living improves, the proportion of consumption of enjoyment materials is increasing, and Chinese people's interest in wine is deepening. There is also a growing cultural interest in Western wines. It is believed that with the popularization of wine in China, the wine consumption psychology and way of the Chinese people will become more and more mature, and the dream of creating a wine culture with Chinese characteristics will soon be realized and no longer distant.

Wine Culture Essay 2

An Introduction to the Culture of Red Wine

I. The History and Culture of Red Wine

The history of wine is very long, and it can be traced upward to the ancient times. Most historians agree that Persia is probably the first country in the world to brew wine.

It is said that the method of wine brewing, from Persia, Egypt to Greece, Rome, Gaul (i.e. France). Then, the wine brewing technology and consumption habits from Greece, Italy and France, spread to the European countries. As Europeans believe in ____ Christ ____ bread and wine called the flesh and blood of God, and regard wine as an indispensable beverage wine in life, wine developed in European countries. France, Italy and Spain have become the "lakes" of wine in the world today. European countries are also the countries with the highest per capita consumption of wine in the world. The production of wine in European countries accounts for more than 80% of the world's total wine production. The origin of red wine culture has different legends attached to it in different places of origin. This may be one of the roots of the romantic culture embedded in red wine. The history of different world civilizations has fermented and nourished the world's largest popular red wine culture. In the Chinese land, the earliest available record is in the Han Dynasty period, Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions to bring back grapes and wine-making process, at that time, China began viticulture and wine brewing.

But due to wars, dynastic changes, and other historical reasons, although viticulture and winemaking had made great strides in the Tang and Yuan Dynasties, the history of winemaking in China was almost blank for nearly 2,000 years until 1892, when the patriotic Chinese overseas Chinese, Zhang Bishi, founded Zhangyu in Yantai. However, due to the war, China's wine industry remained undeveloped. It was only after the founding of New China that China began to have a better environment for developing viticulture and winemaking, and China's wine industry began to develop in a real sense.

Almost all Chinese wine used to be made from grain, and the amount of grain used to make wine was uncountable. A study by the Global Food and Agriculture Organization (GFAO) found that one-third of the food produced globally for human consumption is lost or wasted. The Swedish Institute of Food and Biotechnology analyzed the report and said that nearly 1.3 billion metric tons of food is wasted globally due to inefficiencies in the food supply chain.

The researchers said that reducing food losses in developing countries would have an immediate impact on people's lives, and could also play a role in maintaining adequate levels of food in some poorer countries, given the current trend of generally rising global prices. According to the report, research shows that industrialized and developing countries lose about the same amount of food in a year, 6.7 million tons and 6.3 million tons, respectively. The loss of food also means less income for farmers, and food prices are too high for some poor farmers in developing countries. Again, they are too high. It is safe to say that the issue of food security, with the food produced with alcohol, has caught the attention of the country. As the saying goes, one pound of wine, three pounds of grain. Vigorously develop fruit wine products to reduce the pressure on food, has become the national policy of many countries.

As early as 2008, when food prices fluctuated, the state food department clearly issued: "Strictly control industrial grain and grain exports, to protect the supply of food for residential rations and feed". In the long run, China's food security situation is not optimistic, the slow pace of the construction of integrated food production capacity, while the accelerated level of urbanization, the decline in the number of rural labor force, the reduction of arable land, the constraints of freshwater resources, natural disasters, food consumption demand increases, making the food security situation even more serious.

In our country, to solve the problem of more than a billion people to eat is always a major proposition, national food security and can not rest easy. Only by changing the connotation of Chinese wine culture and advocating the concept of healthy drinking, drinking healthy wine, can we fundamentally reverse, greedy cup mischief, harm themselves and others. Vigorously promoting the fruit wine industry is also a national policy to change the status quo of China's food and implement food security. The positive significance of the promotion of red wine culture also lies in this.

Second, the promotion of red wine culture

When it comes to drinking, women have the most right to speak. Because women are the biggest victims of men's drinking. The promotion of red wine culture allows women to guide more men to drink correctly and healthily from a healthy perspective. Wine culture, in the West is called, gentleman culture. Because wine in the West, the earliest from the aristocratic class use and respect, from the religious ceremony needs and spread. Red wine culture, contains the etiquette requirements are also very strict, if you drink red wine, do not know the etiquette of red wine culture will make a joke. It is this etiquette that makes red wine become the ceremonial wine for large banquets and celebrations. In the large-scale celebration occasions nowadays, red wine has been very popular as the ceremonial wine. The real red wine culture, accepted by all classes, will completely reverse the traditional drinking concepts in Chinese wine culture. China is a state of etiquette, but precisely in the Chinese drinking culture, but the lack of etiquette of the inheritance and proliferation. This has a lot to do with the fact that the drinking culture has been popularized by the general public, while the etiquette only remains in the rituals, national ceremonies and other occasions.

Drinking wine in Western countries has a series of strict rules, complex instructions, not like we drink two pots of head as simple as "deep feelings, a mouthful of boredom". The fun of wine is embodied in these "red tape", a person's cultivation, fun, manners, as well as the ability to communicate, and often unconsciously exposed in the process. Because, every detail of red wine culture will affect the process and result of the drinker tasting the color and flavor of red wine. The gap between Chinese red wine culture and the world's red wine culture is hundreds of years, and much of this gap comes from the details of red wine culture, etiquette, appreciation and tasting. We often see that Chinese people drink red wine, a mess, red face, voice coarse, loud noise, which is undoubtedly a big scene.

U.S. researchers analyzed data from more than 70,000 middle-aged men over a four-year period, and 210 were diagnosed with lung cancer. The study found that drinking beer, white wine or alcoholic beverages was not associated with the development of lung cancer, but as the red wine consumed by these people increased, the risk of lung cancer gradually decreased, with each additional glass of wine a month corresponding to a decline in the risk of the disease of about 2%. This should be considered good news for male smokers, as a glass of red wine a day may reduce the risk of lung cancer by 60% (compared to those male smokers who don't drink red wine). Good quality red wine is rich in iron, which is very good for women, and can act as a blood tonic, making the face rosy.

At the same time, women's body fat content will have a great increase in pregnancy, postpartum drink some wine, the antioxidants in it can prevent the oxidation of fat accumulation, it is very helpful for the recovery of the figure." Red wine can be beauty and weight loss, is because the tannin contained in red wine can inhibit bacterial reproduction, effectively help digestion, and its vitamin C, E and carotene, also has antioxidant function, can prevent aging, to maintain the body's normal metabolism, so that the shape of the body will not be with the passing of the years and gradually bloated and out of shape. To realize the slimming effect of red wine, it is best to drink it before going to bed. Containing a small amount of alcohol, red wine can assist in sleeping, more slowly elevate the body temperature, so that the metabolism is slow at night can also participate in the fat burning metabolism, red wine in the grape polyphenols can also soothe the body pressure, effective inhibition of stress overeating.

The value of wine to people has two major aspects, a spiritual aspect, which is unique to wine aristocratic culture, elegant and noble. This aspect of the psychological implication, not less than the pure nutritional value. Second, the nutritional value of the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, antioxidant, beauty, cancer prevention. Wine is generally divided into red wine, white wine and rosé wine according to color, from the nutritional point of view, red wine efficacy, white wine, sweet, good taste, rosé wine in the middle. Any wine should pay attention to the right amount, not excessive, once, excessive are harmful to health. In this sense, the promotion of red wine culture, but also the promotion of health concepts.

Third, "the second life of mankind"

Wine, commonly known as half-juice wine or blended wine in China, there was no strict standard specification, with the specification of the wine standard, only 100% of the grape juice through the completion of the brewing process, the production of wine can be called wine. When we choose red wine, we must carefully read the labels on the various content labeling. With the development of the economy, unusual people have the opportunity to taste real wines, but to drink real high-end wines, you also need to carefully screen the manufacturers and places of origin. The current wine market is a mixed bag of wines of varying quality. Bulk wines imported from the coast are sold in domestic bottles. In foreign countries a lot of poor quality wine and low-end wine, a large number of China.

The quality of wine changes during transportation and it is difficult to guarantee the pure quality required. Because the wine on the temperature, humidity, and in the transportation, preservation environment requirements are very strict. There is a link out of the problem, wine quality is difficult to guarantee. The wines of Shanxi Occidental International Wine Industry Co., Ltd. are all bottled in original packaging from Chile, Australia, France, Portugal, South Africa and other places of origin. In terms of quality, the pure quality of the wines of origin can be guaranteed. Strictly designed wine cellar to ensure constant temperature, humidity and other storage technology requirements. There are 200,000 bottles of imported bottled wines in original packaging in the cellar, 1/3 of which are high-end wines. Various imported brand series of wines, ranging from more than 50 yuan/bottle to more than 1,000 yuan/bottle, can meet the needs of consumers of all classes. China is a large country with a population of 1.3 billion, but the average amount of red wine consumption is very low. All red wine products combined, the average annual consumption per person in China is less than one bottle. In foreign countries, per capita consumption of red wine, the annual average of 8 bottles per person.

Increasing the consumption of red wine can resist the risk of various diseases. In this sense, the popularization of red wine and the popularization of red wine culture has a positive effect on the health of the nation, which is difficult to be replaced by other consumption. The popularization of red wine culture can improve the quality of people, especially the red wine etiquette culture, gentleman culture requirements, can make consumers physically and mentally healthy human understanding of wine history as long as human history, some ancient culture of the nation once believed that viticulture and wine are rewarded by God, so the "drinking the right amount of wine" than "human second life".

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