What souvenirs can I buy in Shanghai?

Highly recommended: Lanhaibao of every Shanghai World Expo is absolutely unforgettable! Absolutely satisfying gourmet snacks:

Chongming daffodil

Shanghai Chongming Narcissus has been cultivated for nearly a hundred years. It is famous for its rich fragrance in the flower market at home and abroad, and can be as famous as the British rose. The most valuable varieties of Chongming narcissus are: white jade narcissus, colored glaze narcissus, trumpet narcissus, ball-headed narcissus and secondary perfume narcissus.

Shanghai lacquer ware

Shanghai inlaid lacquerware can be divided into three types: bone stone inlay, jade inlay and hand grinding Luodian. Artists use ivory, ivory bone, Qingtian stone, Shoushan stone, Montmorillonite, mica, mussel shell or natural materials with different colors, such as jade, white jade, coral, green sandalwood and gold star stone, to process them into fine carvings according to the facial expressions of figures, flowers and birds in paintings, then assemble them, embed them in various lacquerware, and then carve them into a pattern background with the help of gold lacquer technique to set off the color of the picture. The picture of the work is full of interest. More than 20 colors are skillfully selected in the whole painting, which highlights the unique form of the "birthday girl", the facial expression, the hand movements, the vivid image, the clothes lines of the birthday girl and the children, and the picture is simple and dignified. This picture is drawn with a knife instead of pen and ink. On the polished lacquer ware, according to the designed drawings, cut off the lacquer skin with a knife and fill in all kinds of gorgeous and quaint colors. Qi Diao has the characteristics of smooth cutting and beautiful lines. He is good at carving pavilions and figures in ancient costumes, and enjoys a high reputation in accurately copying China's famous classical paintings and creating classical literary stories. For example, the Riverside Scene at Pingmen Qingming Festival is an excellent representative of Qi Diao's works. It reproduces the most wonderful part of the existing painting The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan, a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, and basically maintains the characteristics of the original painting style, lifelike figures, landscapes and architectural gods. In Shanghai, there is also a kind of Qi Diao art called broken lines, which inherits the traditional Qi Diao technique and draws broken lines on the lacquer blank with a needle, which is more obvious.

shanghai jade carving

There are four main types of shanghai jade carving: furnace bottles, figures, birds and animals. Among them, the furnace bottle is the most famous, with its stable and elegant shape, simple and exquisite decoration and rich bronze flavor, which is unique in the jade carving world. There are many kinds of stoves and bottles in shanghai jade carving, including stoves, bottles, kettles, cups, cigarettes, cups, boxes and lamps. There are various shapes: three-legged furnace, four-legged furnace, crane furnace, phoenix furnace, eagle furnace and so on. There are also double images of chickens, double images of cows, double images, double images of sheep and all kinds of chain bottles.

Shanghai jade carving not only produces trinkets and China exhibits, but also produces several large jade carvings that are rare in the world. 1962, presided over by two old artists, Wei and Guan Sheng Chun, a large-scale jade carving "Red Flag of Mount Everest" weighing more than 4,000 Jin was made, depicting the heroic gesture of China 4 1 climber in conquering the roof of the world. 1979, shanghai jade carving factory, under the auspices of craftsman Huang Derong and with the cooperation of dozens of artists, designed and produced a map of Qian Shan with a height of 2.6m and a width of1.4m with a large sapphire weighing 7300kg. In the process of making this giant jade carving, artists used various techniques such as round carving and deep relief, and through carving and carving, it took several years to complete this largest jade carving in China.

Simple and generous, full of ancient style.

Shanghai inkstone carving

Ink stone carving is an exquisite carving on the inkstone, which can add icing on the cake to a high-quality inkstone. It often takes several years to make an inkstone. This art originated in the Qin and Han Dynasties more than 2,000 years ago, and developed at the same time as China's calligraphy and painting. Ink stone carving needs high-quality ink stone as raw material. Duan Xi Stone in China, Huishi in Anhui, Shitao in Gansu, Zishi in Hunan, Weilong Stone in Jiangxi, Helan Stone in Ningxia, etc. , are famous excellent inkstones since ancient times. Artists use these special stones, adopt traditional brick carving and stone carving techniques, make a composition with stones, and carve various shapes and colorful inkstones according to their materials. This kind of inkstone is not only practical, but also available for people to enjoy.

Shanghai inkstone carving is famous for its elegant shape and powerful knife work. On the basis of inheriting brick carving and stone carving, his carving techniques also absorbed the essence of stone carving and other arts, and used the method of combining deep and shallow carving to make his works full of three-dimensional sense. Themes are mostly taken from still lives such as vegetables, melons and fruits, and there are also a few patterns such as fish and insects, which have unique local characteristics.

Shanghai Jiyunge Seal Engraving

Seal cutting is one of the traditional arts with a long history in China. During the pre-Qin and Han and Wei Dynasties, seal cutting was carved by printers and made great artistic achievements. Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, each has its own dynasty characteristics and styles. According to legend, Wang Mian, a painter in Yuan Dynasty, began to use Chinese opal as a printing material, which was more popular because of its convenient carving. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to the increasing number of seals in unearthed cultural relics, a large number of reference materials were provided, so the atmosphere of studying seal cutting became increasingly popular among literati and scholars, and many seal carvers and schools appeared.

Jiyunge seal cutting uses exquisite printing materials, which are varied, such as jade, stone, copper, teeth and horns. There are tiger-grain stones, dushan jade stones, new stones, etc. in the jade chapter, which are crystal clear and dazzling in Ming Che. Lithography includes Shoushan stone, Qingtian stone and feldspar stone. , rich in texture and magnificent in color, as well as Tian Huangshi and bloodstone, which are rare in the world. They are precious printed matter, which has artistic appreciation value in itself. The bronze seal of Jiyunge is simple in shape and unique in technology. There are also snow-white ivory seals, dark horn seals, and various elegant and finely carved printed buttons.

Shanghai Jiyunge Seal Cutting Society specializes in seal cutting for foreign guests, overseas Chinese and tourists. A great deal of research has been done on the seal cutting of various schools in Zhejiang during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The management of seal script wins by simplicity, especially seal script is famous for its exquisiteness, elegance, beauty, unique practicality and appreciation.

Shanghai Cao Sugong Mo

Hui ink is as famous as tiger skin, rice paper and Guangdong ink stone, and it is a treasure in Four Treasures of the Study. Hui Mo developed to the Qing Dynasty, with good quality and large quantity, reaching the highest level in history, and four Mohists, Cao Sugong, Wang Jinsheng, Wang Jiean and Hu Kaiwen, appeared. Cao Sugong ranks first among the "Four Masters", so there is a saying that "the ink of the world pushes the country, and the ink of the country pushes Cao Shi". The ink produced by Cao Sugong's Mozhuang is famous for its quality and quantity, and its writing has been appreciated by Xian Yi. In the third year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Cao Sugong's Mozhuang moved from Zhoushe to Shanghai. From its opening to 1956, Cao Shi has experienced thirteen generations, lasting more than 300 years. He has successively created famous calligraphy and painting inks such as Zi Yuguang, Guang Chen, Tian Rui and Qianqiuguang, as well as leopard gall and ancient money.

Cao graphite has strict formula, exquisite materials and excellent technology. The main raw material of high-quality calligraphy and painting ink is tung oil. Tung oil is called "the king of oil" and has strong adhesion. In addition, precious traditional Chinese medicine spices such as sesame oil, lard, Arabic gum, natural musk, plum slices, borneol, pearls and gold foil are added, which are refined by traditional techniques, including refining, stirring, cooling and gold coating for one year. Plain ink has the following characteristics: first, the color is like paint, and there is a slight purple light in the dark. According to the records of Shexian County Records and Huizhou Prefecture Records, Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty visited Jiangning, and Cao Sugong presented a precious Mo Bao. Kangxi deeply appreciated the trial and gave Cao Shi the word "Purple Jade Light". Secondly, the fragrance is rich. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, the court called Cao Shi to Beijing to make a special imperial ink. This is naturally new in the imperial court, and ministers and eunuchs are scrambling to watch it. Cao Shi put musk, borneol and other materials, and with the constant beating, the fragrance came to the nose, and soon the whole hall was full of fragrance, which lasted for a long time. This is the origin of the ink name "the fragrance of the Golden Temple". Third, ink is neither rotten nor rotten. Due to the addition of several rare Chinese herbal medicines from Mo Ding, their fragrance has played a role in preventing corrosion and insects. Cao Sugong's ink is not sticky when used for painting and calligraphy, and it will not wrinkle the paper after writing, and the ink is insoluble in water. Works do not fade for a long time and have strong corrosion resistance. It is fragrant and refreshing when used, and is well received by Chinese and foreign painters and painters.

Shanghai benggua

Because the skin is thin and brittle, it will crack when it is slightly hit after maturity. It is named after an oval bell with a slightly thick middle and an olive-shaped bell, also known as bell melon. The single weight is about 2 kg, and the largest is 2.5-3 kg. The melon skin is light green and has a light-colored flower network. The skin is thin and crisp, the flesh is light yellow, the seed is red, the meat is thick and juicy, the sweetness is particularly high, and the fragrance is refreshing. Collapsed melon plants are delicate and require high growth environment. For example, choose fields with good irrigation and drainage conditions, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and only apply light fertilizer after the results, not thick fertilizer and chemical fertilizer. To fight drought, furrow irrigation should not be flooded, and melons should be picked in the afternoon to reduce fruit cracking.

Pig blood tablet

The texture of pig blood is crisp and tender, the taste is fragrant and glutinous, and it is easy to crisp when cooked. As a vegetable food, it has two incomparable characteristics and functions: one is late ripening, and the harvest period is four months in late summer and early autumn. This won it the opportunity to go public during the National Day holiday and when autumn vegetables were delisted after 10 months. In addition, if lentils are too tender and the seeds are not mature, they can only taste the taste of a layer of pod skin; If seeds are eaten after they are full, their shells have become fibrotic. Even if the pig's blood is flat and its seeds are full, its pods will not age, so it can still be fried. You can either fry vegetarian dishes or cook them with meat to make meat dishes.

Chenghuangmiao spiced beans

The spiced beans in Chenghuang Temple are exquisite in materials and suitable in heat. The raw materials used are specially selected from broad beans produced in Yuyao County, Zhejiang Province, and the selection is extremely strict. Neither yellow bean nor moth-eaten bean can be used. Green beans should be used, washed and boiled. Cooking with a double-barrel pot, with a clear water pot and a sugar water pot on it. When the water temperature in the clear water pot reaches about 60 degrees Celsius, put the washed broad beans, cook for a while, and then put them into the sugar water pot and take them out. But before you fish beans, you should put a certain proportion of saccharin, vanilla and essence in the sugar pot, then sprinkle some salt on the caught broad beans, and turn them constantly after you put them in the sugar pot. When rotating, use the filter screen to slowly push down from the periphery of the pan. This will cook the beans evenly and taste them. After half an hour or so, when you see salt flowers on the bean skin, you can take a pot and air the beans in a bamboo container, and thoroughly cool them to dry them to get spiced beans. The skin is thin and fluffy, the salt and frost are even, and it is soft and waxy to chew. It tastes delicious, tastes sweet and has no flavor.

Jiading white garlic

Jiading white garlic is a good nourishing and strong vegetable. Besides sugar, it also contains protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamins B and C, and trace element selenium. Mainly used for frying, seasoning and processing. Garlic is also a good medicine, which can inhibit and kill many kinds of bacteria, and also has curative effect on protozoa and fungal infections. But also can reduce blood lipid, prevent and treat atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease; In addition, it can also inhibit the occurrence of gastric cancer. Garlic is also very important for agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery production, and it can achieve good results as an estrus promoter for boars. Ethyl allicin can control rice fever and cotton seedling disease; When freezing fresh fish, adding garlic juice to the frozen liquid can play an antiseptic role; Sprinkling some garlic juice in the fish pond can prevent fish diseases.

Aromatic japonica rice

Produced in Qingpu, Shanghai. It has the following characteristics: 1, fragrant leaves. From the seedling stage, the leaves give off fragrance, especially at the heading and flowering stage. When farmers cook old rice, they add a small amount of fragrant japonica rice leaves, and the rice grains are green and fragrant. 2. Mi Xiang. When threshing and drying the grain, the aroma on the field is pleasant, although the rice and firewood are also fragrant. Rice has no belly white, white heart, clear and bright, pearl color, like broken jade crystal; 3, the rice is fragrant. The aroma of cooking rice and porridge is overflowing, especially the latter, because there is a saying that "one cooks porridge and ten cooks are fragrant". Hot rice is soft, delicious and sticky enough. Cold rice tastes as good as ever after repeated steaming. When the cake is made, it is hot and slippery, waxy but not sticky after cooling, and brittle but not cracked after drying. It is nutritious and contains a lot of protein, starch, iron, calcium and amino acids. It is a good tonic for the old, the weak and the sick. Has the functions of promoting blood circulation, benefiting qi, strengthening body constitution and tonifying kidney. Adding longan, red dates and lotus seeds to cook porridge is especially beneficial to nourishing. Eating regularly can stimulate appetite and is more effective in treating heart disease and cardiovascular disease.

Henry stedner tuber

Produced in Chongming, Shanghai. Taro contains more crude protein, starch, polysaccharide (mucus), crude fiber and sugar, and the content of protein is higher than that of other high-protein plants such as soybeans. The tuberous roots of taro are tender and fragrant, and are often eaten at banquets. Usually cooked with fat chicken to make "braised taro chicken" or as the bottom material of cold pot dishes. The polysaccharide in taro can enhance the immune mechanism of human body and increase the resistance to diseases. Long-term consumption can detoxify and beautify.

asparagus

Produced in Chongming, Shanghai. Gracilaria lemaneiformis, also known as asparagus, contains more protein, but almost no fat. The taste is refreshing and delicious, which is especially beneficial to supplement the protein demand of human body and promote metabolism. Its tender stems can be fried with meat, sliced meat, shrimp, tofu, mushrooms and shiitake mushrooms. , can also be processed into cans. It is an extremely noble and famous dish. In addition, it also has important medical value. Shanghai Cancer Hospital has used it as a specific drug to treat a certain tumor, and it has been clinically tried for many years.

Pudong chicken

Also known as Jin Jiu Yellow Chicken and Sanhuang Chicken, it has a single crown, a large chest, a yellow mouth and yellow feet. The hen's feathers are yellow or chestnut, etc. A rooster has a red or mixed black chest, a yellow or red back, golden or black wings, a black tail and many metatarsal feathers. Pudong chicken is huge in size, strong in disease resistance and adaptability. Pudong chicken is particularly tender and delicious, with a strong flavor. It is often used for banquets and family entertainment, and is often eaten as a cold dish (boiled chicken) or stewed chicken. Maternal or newly recovered patients are used to using it to recuperate and nourish the body.

Shanghai Gao Qiao muffin

Named after the crispy entrance. Also, because of the distinct layers of cakes, each layer is as thin as paper, so it is called Melaleuca Cake. Through the processes of batching, kneading dough, kneading dough, wrapping dough, opening dough, inserting dough, filling molding, baking, cooling, inspection and packaging. The finished product is shaped like a moon cake. The cake surface is golden, oily and smooth, with milky white around, not burnt or hard at the bottom, crisp skin with distinct layers, no impurities in the filling, thin and full skin, crisp and sweet. It smells like onions, sesame seeds and fat. Oily but not greasy, sweet and refreshing, with rich aroma, crispy skin and glutinous stuffing, soft and delicious, and endless aftertaste.

Shanghai Gao Qiao muffin

Named after the crispy entrance. Also, because of the distinct layers of cakes, each layer is as thin as paper, so it is called Melaleuca Cake. Through the processes of batching, kneading dough, kneading dough, wrapping dough, opening dough, inserting dough, filling molding, baking, cooling, inspection and packaging. The finished product is shaped like a moon cake. The cake surface is golden, oily and smooth, with milky white around, not burnt or hard at the bottom, crisp skin with distinct layers, no impurities in the filling, thin and full skin, crisp and sweet. It smells like onions, sesame seeds and fat. Oily but not greasy, sweet and refreshing, with rich aroma, crispy skin and glutinous stuffing, soft and delicious, and endless aftertaste.

Shanghai Qian quan yin ni

Made of high-quality cinnabar, aged oil and moxa with elastic tension, the texture is fine and thick, the color is calm and eye-catching, cold but not frozen, inflammatory but not oily, printed on paper, and the handwriting is clear and three-dimensional; After exposure and soaking, the color is as bright as ever; After prayer and expansion, the words remain unchanged.

Jinze Zhuang Yuan Gao

Produced in Qingpu, Shanghai.

The finished tablets are thin, golden in color, delicious, sweet and crisp, and melt in the mouth. It contains protein, fat, vitamins and various trace elements, and has the effects of promoting digestion, promoting fluid production and strengthening the spleen. It is convenient to eat, take and store, and the price is cheap.

"Wufangzhai" cake group

The cakes in Wufangzhai are very unique. First, the materials are exquisite and moderate. The rice noodles for making cakes are made of white and tough japonica rice and glutinous rice produced in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou. Accessories such as pine nuts, melon seeds, sesame seeds, etc. They are all of the best, and the osmanthus is made of Chen Guihua with rich fragrance. In addition, its production process is also very particular. Firstly, the water mill is ground into fine powder, pressed and drained. Be sure to drain and keep the rice noodles soft. Different varieties have different ingredients. Generally, the cake dough is 7 cm flour and 30% japonica rice flour. Qingtuan is 80% glutinous rice flour and 20% japonica rice flour; Sugar rice cake is made of glutinous rice flour, which makes the cake unique. In addition, there are hundreds of varieties of such products, including popular red bean cakes, yellow muffins, and colored cakes such as Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea and Shuanglong Playing Beads. According to local folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River, seasonal snacks such as Yuanxiao on the 15th day of the first lunar month, Qingtuan in Tomb-Sweeping Day, Chongyang cake on the 9th of the ninth lunar month, sugar rice cakes and gingko muffins during the Spring Festival are also produced and supplied.

Shanghai silk flower

There are six main processes in silk flower: First, raw material sizing. The raw materials in silk flower are mostly silk, which is generally soft and not easy to fall off. The petals are prone to burrs and need sizing. In the past, mung bean powder was used as pulp, and the pulp was cut by hand, so the yield was low, which was not suitable for running water production, depending on the weather. Now it's mechanical scraping and steam drying. The second blanking, according to the designed petal shape, uses the rubber cutting knife and the blanking machine to replace the manual rubber cutting of the petals with the heavy wooden hammer in the past. The third dyeing is an important link in the production process. In order to meet the special requirements of changeable colors, convenient color matching and small batch production, cold dyeing method with alcohol as penetrant is generally adopted, according to the scientific ratio of water, penetrant and dye. And that color card is use as a color standard instead of an empirical visual inspection method in the past. The fourth shape, in the past, petals were held, ironed, twisted and pulled by hand. Now, molds and mechanical stamping are used to make petals veins clear and improve quality. Fifth, shaping, the petals after modeling contain certain moisture, which makes them moist and soft, and they need to be dried and shaped, which is related to the fidelity of the overall image of flowers. Now the electric oven replaces the original fire (coal) oven for drying. Finally, the assembly is generally divided into three steps, namely: applique, which pastes the molded petals into the flowers as they are; Mosaic: flowers, leaves, branches and stems are inlaid into a complete silk flower finished product in turn with leather paper; Finally, pack it and put it in a box. The products are bright in color, bright and harmonious, reasonable in structure, full in appearance, soft in lines, real and beautiful, and have high artistry, appreciation and decoration.

anchovy

Also called grilled fish. Produced in Chongming, Shanghai. Flat side, extended tail, silvery white. The mouth is large and square, with free fins on the upper part of the pectoral fin and asymmetric caudal fin. The abdomen has prismatic scales. The woman is big and the man is small. Anchovies are precious economic fish with delicious meat, which can be eaten raw or canned. Usually, people like to fry it and add auxiliary materials to accompany the meal, which will make it crispy and delicious.

Ruan Gao, Ye Xie

Soft cakes include square cakes, vegetarian cakes and sweet-scented osmanthus cakes. There are lard, bean paste, jujube kernel, red and green shredded melon and soft sugar in the square cake, which is square in appearance, bright in color and has the characteristics of fat, fragrance and sweetness. The vegetarian cake is mixed with fine sugar, showing a large rectangle, white and delicate, and the lines are clear. It is characterized by looseness, softness, sweetness, coolness, glutinous but not sticky, and does not deteriorate for a week in summer. Sweet-scented osmanthus sugar cake is made of whole glutinous rice with sweet-scented osmanthus, sugar, lard and bean paste. The appearance is disc-shaped, with five characteristics of looseness, softness, sweetness, fragrance and fat. It tastes soft, sweet but not greasy, and with mint, it is a good summer diet.

Lobster slices

Translucent, shiny surface, visible moire, slightly fine shrimp particles, complete shape, uniform size and thickness, no overlap or debris.

Shanghai quan Dan sha qi ma

Replacing water and flour with eggs is to increase nutrition, improve the looseness of vegetables and improve color. The raw materials of whole egg Shaqima are mainly fresh eggs, peanut oil and shredded coconut, and the process requires fine production, such as rolling skin to master the hardness of dough, and considering dusting to prevent dough adhesion and gluten; The boiled syrup is controlled according to the weather. Too old affects the color and too tender affects the molding. Pay attention to bonding and compaction during molding to prevent looseness and empty plug.

Chongming white goat

It's not big, but its muscles are plump, its whole body is white, its wool is soft and elastic, and its economic value is high. According to the different characteristics of fiber length, stubbiness, smoothness and tip, goat hair can be divided into more than 65,438+00 varieties, such as fine light front, coarse light front, medium short front, yellow light front, white light front, upper claw front and claw front, all of which are pen-making raw materials, especially the jaw bristles born on the head and neck of the lamb that was born that year, which are called fine hair.

Chongming Jiangbao Guagua

Produced in Chongming, Shanghai.

Features: the meat is thick and thin, sweet but not greasy, crisp and refreshing, and it can be called a leader in pickles. The melon body is transparent, and when illuminated by the lamp, all the strips are bright yellow crystals, and the seeds inside are counted. Sliced food is better than preserves.

Souvenirs with cultural flavor: 1. Shanghai emerald

Shanghai jade has a history of 100 years. Mainly in imitation of bronze, the style is simple and dignified. For example, the "Imitation Bronze Jade Toner" made by 1980 won the National Arts and Crafts Hundred Flowers Award Silver Cup Award. The work imitates the bronze sculpture, which is steady and generous and highly decorative. It resembles the black jade of bronze, glittering and translucent, emitting beautiful luster, and there is a charm between similarity and non. Made in 1979 and still treasured in Yokohama City Hall, Japan, the "Jade Hundred Buddha Bowl" is decorated with nearly 100 lotus leaves in the shape of a lotus bowl with a diameter of only 5 inches, and each lotus leaf has a small Lohan, which has different shapes and the nuances seem to be unscathed. In addition, 1982' s "Jade rhinoceros statue" and "Jade beast face pot" are also representative excellent works. People and animals are lifelike, graceful and elegant, full of rhythm and exquisite craftsmanship.

2. Jiading bamboo carving

Jiading bamboo carving has a long history, which was a famous handicraft in Shanghai as early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are two kinds of bamboo carvings in Jiading: plane carving and three-dimensional carving. Three-dimensional carving is mainly based on bamboo roots, and plane carving includes fan bones, pen containers, vases and so on.

There are various carving methods, such as negative carving, positive carving, leather carving, mold carving, etc., among which green leather carving is the most distinctive. Green husk carving takes the green husk of bamboo as the flower and the muscle of bamboo as the bottom, carving layers of pictures with different colors. Appreciating artworks such as carving books, painting, screen inserting and hanging screens, and practical handicrafts such as cigarette cases, pencil cases and vases are meticulous and exquisite, with beautiful and generous patterns.

3. Shanghai dough sculpture

Shanghai dough sculpture has a history of 100 years. The initiator should be Zhao Kuo Ming, a famous Shanghai dough sculpture artist, known as "dough sculpture Zhao Man". His creation has a wide range of themes, with traditional dramas and myths and legends as the main contents. The characters in the works are vivid and colorful, which is called "three-dimensional painting, silent drama" and enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad. His daughters and disciples inherited his skills and were praised as "the Pearl of the Orient" and "the quintessence of Chinese culture" in live performances abroad. The dough sculpture is small in size, easy to carry, durable, not moldy, not cracked, not deformed and faded, and becomes a souvenir for tourists.

4. silk flower

There are six main processes in silk flower: First, raw material sizing. The raw materials in silk flower are mostly silk, which is generally soft and not easy to fall off. The petals are prone to burrs and need sizing. In the past, mung bean powder was used as pulp, and the pulp was cut by hand, so the yield was low, which was not suitable for running water production, depending on the weather. Now it's mechanical scraping and steam drying. The second blanking, according to the designed petal shape, uses the rubber cutting knife and the blanking machine to replace the manual rubber cutting of the petals with the heavy wooden hammer in the past. The third dyeing is an important link in the production process. In order to meet the special requirements of changeable colors, convenient color matching and small batch production, cold dyeing method with alcohol as penetrant is generally adopted, according to the scientific ratio of water, penetrant and dye. And that color card is use as a color standard instead of an empirical visual inspection method in the past. The fourth shape, in the past, petals were held, ironed, twisted and pulled by hand. Now, molds and mechanical stamping are used to make petals veins clear and improve quality. Fifth, shaping, the petals after modeling contain certain moisture, which makes them moist and soft, and they need to be dried and shaped, which is related to the fidelity of the overall image of flowers. Now the electric oven replaces the original fire (coal) oven for drying. Finally, the assembly is generally divided into three steps, namely: applique, which pastes the molded petals into the flowers as they are; Mosaic: flowers, leaves, branches and stems are inlaid into a complete silk flower finished product in turn with leather paper; Finally, pack it and put it in a box. The products are bright in color, bright and harmonious, reasonable in structure, full in appearance, soft in lines, real and beautiful, and have high artistry and appreciation.

5. Shanghai embroidery

There are seven categories of embroidery, embroidery, machine embroidery, embroidered clothes, printing, carpets and art tapestries in Shanghai. Gu embroidery is the most famous embroidery in Shanghai, which has a history of four or five hundred years. Shanghai carpets are famous for their exquisite craftsmanship and elegant patterns. The products are mainly handmade wool carpets and silk carpets. Art tapestry can better show the artistic effect of oil painting and Chinese painting, and it is more noble and generous as interior decoration.

Shanghai Gu Embroidery, also known as "Luxiangyuan Gu Embroidery".

Shanghai ancient embroidery is also called "Luxiangyuan ancient embroidery"

History: Gu embroidery originated in the Ming Dynasty. According to legend, during Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, there was a scholar named Gu in Songjiang Prefecture. In his later years, he built a forest garden on nine acres of land in Shanghai, named "Luxiang Garden". Gu's descendants are good at embroidery and are unique. Embroidery is used to watch and give gifts to friends, hence the name "Gu Embroidery". Gu's embroidery method comes from the palace. Broken silk is as thin as hair, and acupuncture is as thin as hair. The color scheme is exquisite and unique. Embroidered landscapes, figures, flowers and birds are lifelike and exquisite, and the name of "Gu Embroidery" has been greatly improved. When the local chronicles of the late Ming Dynasty mentioned Gu Embroidery, they said, "The fine scale is worth a few taels of silver, and the whole height is not worth a few taels of gold." It can be seen that Gu embroidery is precious. At that time, Suzhou and Hangzhou folk embroidery and official silk weaving institutions also named their products "Gu Embroidery".

This shows the far-reaching influence of ancient embroidery. At present, there are famous ancient embroidery masters, which can be found in historical materials, such as Miao, Han Ximeng and Gu. Miao is the concubine of Gu Huihai, the eldest son of Gu. She has high embroidery skills. "Embroidered figures, landscapes and flowers have great charm." Han Ximeng is the daughter-in-law of Gu Sunzi and the most representative of the famous embroiderers. Her husband Gu Shouqian, also known as the Master of Embroidery Buddha, is good at poetry and painting. Han Ximeng is good at embroidery and painting flowers. Both husband and wife have high artistic accomplishment, cherish embroidery and show their independent artistic status. Han Ximeng studied embroidery, "Qin Jing Qiao Yun, go to sleep". Most of her works are embroidered with famous paintings of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, making full use of tit-for-tat stunts to express the charm of the picture. The embroidered words are full of energy and ready to go. "Horse Washing Map" is her masterpiece, which embroidered the expression that the horse washer was absorbed in washing the horse. Embroidered landscapes can express the painting styles of various schools. According to the perspective of mountains and rivers, Mi Fei, a famous painter in the Song Dynasty, embroidered mountains and rivers with different stitches, showing the artistic conception of mountains, clouds, water, sky, nothingness and seemingly nothing. The flowers, birds, fish and insects she embroidered are full of vitality and colorful. Han Ximeng's exquisite skills have established Gu Embroidery's outstanding position, and her portrait techniques have inspired future generations' simulated embroidery. The development of Su embroidery was greatly influenced by her. In the Qing Dynasty, Gu's great-granddaughter Gu opened an embroidery workshop to recruit apprentices and teach Gu embroidery techniques. Since then, Gu Xiu has spread to the suburbs of Shanghai, and folk women are scrambling to imitate. Merchants set up embroidery farms and bought embroidery products, and the name of Gu embroidery spread all over the south of the Yangtze River. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, Gu embroidery gradually declined and was lost for a long time because it failed to really spread to the people.

Variety: In addition to traditional painting and embroidery, there are pajamas, bathrobes, tablecloths, pillowcases, quilts and scarves.

Features: Gu embroidery has various stitches, rich colors and distinct silk threads, and its texture is mostly satin, silk, polyester, brocade and polyester.

6. Underwater spring inkpad

Submerged spring inkpad is made of high-quality cinnabar, aged oil and elastic moxa wool. It is delicate and heavy in texture, calm and eye-catching, cold but not frozen, inflammatory but not permeable, and the printed words are vivid on the paper, with clear and three-dimensional handwriting; After exposure and soaking, the color is as bright as ever; After prayer and expansion, the words remain unchanged.