What is the form of shareholding system?

Joint-stock system is the inevitable product of socialized mass production and the development of market economy to a certain stage, an effective organizational form and management mode for enterprises to win market competitive advantage, and also the main realization form of public ownership. The basic feature of the joint-stock system is the separation of ownership and use right of production factors, and the scattered use right is transformed into centralized use right on the premise of keeping the ownership unchanged.

The main differences between joint-stock system and joint-stock cooperative system are:

1. The nature of enterprises is different.

Joint-stock system: called capital cooperation, it is a combination of capital.

Joint-stock cooperative system: In addition to capital cooperation, labor cooperation is a dual combination of capital and labor.

2. Different types of enterprises

Joint-stock system: Any enterprise can implement joint-stock system reform.

Joint-stock cooperative system: not suitable for large and medium-sized enterprises to implement the reform of joint-stock cooperative system, but more suitable for small enterprises. However, with the development of society, the joint-stock cooperative system will eventually withdraw from the historical stage.

3. Different investors

Joint-stock system: any natural person or legal person can do it.

Joint-stock cooperative system: the investors can only be employees of the enterprise, and natural persons and legal persons outside the enterprise cannot participate in the joint-stock cooperative system, which embodies the dual nature of capital and labor of the joint-stock cooperative system.

4. Different voting methods

Joint-stock system: voting by shares, one share, one vote.

Joint-stock cooperative system: vote by person, one person, one vote.

5. Dividends are distributed in different ways.

Joint-stock system: Dividend by share.

Joint-stock cooperative system: the combination of dividend according to share and dividend according to work shows that joint-stock cooperative system has flexibility in income distribution.

6. Share transfer is different.

Joint-stock system: transferable.

Joint-stock cooperative system: no transfer, no listing, no transaction and no circulation.

7. There are differences in equity setting.

Joint-stock system: an enterprise cannot hold its own shares.

Joint-stock cooperative system: enterprises hold their own shares, employees have the right to share dividends, and ownership belongs to enterprises. There are enterprise collective shares and employee collective shares.

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