PPT about computer development

Today’s development trends in computer science can be divided into three dimensions. One dimension is in the "high" direction. The performance is getting higher and higher, and the speed is getting faster and faster, which is mainly reflected in the higher and higher main frequency of the computer. For example, in the past few years, we used 286 and 386, and the main frequency was only tens of megabits. In the early 1990s, the integration level of integrated circuits has reached more than 1 million gates, starting from VLSI and entering the ULSI, which is the ultra-large-scale integrated circuit period. And due to the maturity and popularization of RISC technology, the annual growth rate of CPU performance increased from 35% in the 1980s to 60% in the 1990s. Later, the Pentium series appeared, and now Pentium 4 microprocessors have appeared, with a main frequency of more than 2GHz. Moreover, the development of computers towards high-end is not only the improvement of chip frequency, but also the improvement of overall computer performance. At present, the world's highest-performance general-purpose computer has used tens of thousands of computers in parallel. The ASCI project in the United States has completed 12.3 trillion parallel machines per second. Currently under development are 30 teraflop and 100 teraflop parallel computers. The goal of another U.S. plan is to launch a petaflops parallel computer (Petaflops computer) around 2010. Its processor will use superconducting quantum devices, and each processor will perform 10 billion operations per second. *** 100,000 processors in parallel. Special-purpose computers have a higher degree of parallelism than general-purpose machines.

The other direction is to develop in the direction of "wideness". The trend of computer development is to be everywhere, so that it is like "there is no computer". The more obvious trend in recent years is networking and penetration into various fields, that is, development and expansion in breadth. In the future, computers will be found in various electrical appliances at home, just like motors today. At that time, if I asked you how many computers you had in your home, you couldn’t count them. Your notebooks and books are all electronic. Including future primary and secondary school textbooks, in more than ten or twenty years, students may no longer use textbooks in class, but just a laptop-sized computer. All primary and secondary school course materials, tutorials, and exercises will be inside. Different students can easily find the information they want according to their own needs. Moreover, these computers are integrated with today's mobile phones, so you can access the Internet and exchange information with each other anytime and anywhere. Therefore, some people predict that in the future computers may be as cheap as paper and can be used once, and computers will become the most commonly used daily necessities without being noticed.

The third direction is to develop in a "deep" direction, that is, to develop intelligently in information. There is a lot of information on the Internet. How to turn these vast things into the knowledge you want is an important topic in computing science, and the human-computer interface will be more friendly. At present, the way computers "think" is very different from the way humans think, and the gap between humans and machines is not small. It is still difficult for humans to interact with computers in natural ways, such as language, gestures, and expressions. The difficulty of using computers has become a huge obstacle to the further popularization of computers. With the popularization of the Internet, ordinary people's demand for using computers is growing day by day. This strong demand will greatly promote research in the direction of computer intelligence. In recent years, the technology of computer recognition of text (including printed and handwritten) and spoken language has been greatly improved, and has initially reached the level of commercialization. It is estimated that handwriting and spoken language input will gradually become the mainstream input method in 5-10 years. Significant progress has also been made in gesture (especially mute gestures) and facial expression recognition. Virtual Reality technology, which immerses people in the computer world, is a technology that has developed rapidly in recent years and will develop even more rapidly in the 21st century.