Who can introduce the Hanging Tower

Introduction

Hanger House, also known as the "Hanging House", for the Miao, Zhuang, Buyi, Dong, Shui, Tujia and other ethnic groups of the traditional residential, in western Hunan, Exi, Guizhou area of the Hanging House is also a lot. Hanging horns are built on the mountain on the situation, was a tiger sitting in the shape of the "left dragon, right white tiger, before the bird, after the Xuanwu" for the best house, and then pay attention to the direction, or sit west to east, or sit east to west.

Hanger belongs to the dry-rail building, but with the general reference to the dry rail is different. The dry rail should be all overhanging, so the hanging angle building is called semi-dry rail building.

Once upon a time, the hanging angle building is generally thatched or cedar bark roof, there are also used slate roof, now, Exi's hanging angle building with more mud tiles cover. The construction of the corner building is a big event in the life of the Tujia people. The first step is to prepare all the wood, the Tujia people called "cutting green hills", generally choose Tsubaki or purple trees, Tsubaki, purple due to the harmonic "spring", "son" and auspicious, meaning that the spring is always big, children and grandchildren Wang; the second step is the processing of beams and column materials, the beams and column materials, the beams and columns are processed. is the processing of beams and columns, known as the "frame code", in the beams should also be painted on the eight trigrams, taiji, lotus seeds and other patterns; the third process is called "row of fans", that is, the processing of the beams and columns connected to the tenon, rows of wooden fan; the fourth step is the The fourth step is to "set up the house firm pillar", the master choose the auspicious day, please neighbors to help, on the beam before the beam to sacrifice, and then all people work together will be a row of wooden fan up, then, firecrackers sound, neighbors send gifts to congratulate. After the establishment of the house firm pillar is nailed rafter angle, cover tile, installed board and wall. Wealthy people also want to decorate the roof to the sky flying eaves, under the hole in the corridor carved dragons and phoenixes, decorative balconies and wooden rails.

[Edit Paragraph]Characteristics

The most basic characteristic is that the main house is built on the ground, and the compartments are connected to the main house except for one side which is on the ground, the other three sides are all overhanging, supported by pillars. There are a lot of advantages of the suspended floor, the high ground is ventilated and dry, but also to prevent poisonous snakes, wild animals, floor boards can be put under the sundries. Hanging-footed buildings also have distinctive ethnic characteristics, with elegant "silk eaves" and wide "walking railings" that make the hanging-footed buildings a style of their own. This kind of hang-footed building than the "railings" more successful to get rid of the primitive, with a higher cultural level, known as the "living fossil" of the Ba Chu culture.

[Edit Paragraph]Structure

The hanging angle building based on the mountain, with wooden pillars on the flat ground, the upper and lower floors, saving land, cheaper; the upper floor is ventilated, dry, moisture-proof, is a living room; the lower floor is a pig and cattle pen or used to pile up miscellaneous goods. The scale of the house is generally a 4 rows of 3 houses or 6 rows of 5 houses, 5 columns and 2 rides, 5 columns and 4 rides, 7 columns and 4 rides, and 4 patios and courtyards. 4 rows of 3 houses are structured in the middle of the hall, and the left and right sides of the house are called "rao room", which is used for living and cooking. Raochang is divided into two halves with the center column as the boundary, the front is used as a kang and the back is used as a bedroom. There is a curved corridor around the hammock, and the curved corridor is also equipped with railings.

Some hammocks are three-story buildings, except for the roof tiles, all up and down with cedar construction. House columns with large cedar chiseled eyes, columns and columns with different sizes between the cedar diagonal through the straight set together, although not using a nail is also very strong. The house is surrounded by a hanging tower, and the eaves of the building are turned upwards like wings to fly. The four walls of the house with cedar board slotted dense set, the elaborate inside and outside are coated with tung oil and clean and bright.

The bottom floor is not suitable for living, is used to raise poultry, placed in agricultural tools and heavy objects.

The second floor is a place to eat and live, the bedroom, outsiders generally do not enter. Outside the bedroom is the hall, where there is a fire, the family will eat around the fire, which is spacious and convenient. It is spacious and convenient. Since there is a window, it is bright and well-lit, and the ventilation is good, so the family mostly does handicrafts and rests here, and it is also a place to receive guests. On the other side of the hall, there is a wide corridor connected to it, with a half-half-half-high railing outside the corridor and a row of benches inside, which is where the family often rests, and where the mother dresses her daughter during the festivals.

The third floor is airy and dry, very spacious, in addition to being used as a living room, but also partitioned out small rooms for food storage and storage.

[Edit Paragraph]Forms

The forms of the foot-hanging buildings are many and varied, and there are several types:

Single-hanging type: This is the most common form, and some people call it "one head hanging" or "key head". It is characterized by only one side of the main house of the compartment out of the overhang, the following wooden pillars support each other.

Double hanging: also known as the "double hanging" or "key head", it is the development of single hanging, that is, at both ends of the main house are hanging out of the compartment. Single-hanging and double-hanging type and not to the formation of different regions, mainly depending on economic conditions and family needs, single-hanging and double-hanging type often **** in one place.

quadruple water type: this form of footbridges and is based on the development of double-hanging type, which is characterized by the main house on both sides of the room room hammock part of the upper part of the integration, the formation of a quadruple courtyard. The two compartments of the downstairs that is the gate, this courtyard into the gate must also be a few steps up the stone steps, in order to enter the main house.

Second house hanging: this form is in the single hanging and double hanging on the basis of the development, that is, in general on the foot of the building and then add a layer. Single and double hanging are applicable. Flat hanging type, this form of hanging is also in the single hanging on the basis of the development of the single hanging, double hanging are available. Its main feature is that, built in the flat dam, according to the terrain does not need to hang feet, but will be lifted up the compartment, supported by wooden pillars. The ground on which the wooden pillars are supported is level with the ground of the main house, so that the compartment is higher than the main house.

[Edit]Legend

Legend has it that the ancestors of the Tujia people were flooded in their hometown before they moved to Exi, where ancient trees, thorns and thistles, jackals, wolves, tigers and leopards were all over the place. Tujia ancestors built the "dog paw shed" was often attacked by beasts. People in order to be safe to burn up the root and branch fire, buried inside the bamboo joints, fire and firecrackers scared away to attack the beasts, but still often threatened by poisonous snakes, centipedes. Later, a Tujia old man thought of a way: he let the boys use the ready-made tree as a frame, bundled with wood, and then paved with wild bamboo tree strips, and then on the top of the frame covered with a canopy, built large and small air housing, eating and sleeping on it, and from now on no longer afraid of poisonous snakes and fierce beasts of attack, this construction of "air housing" approach spread to more and more people, and then the "air housing" approach to the "air housing" approach. This way of building "air housing" was spread to more people's ears, and they all built "air housing" according to this method. Later, this "sky house" evolved into the present hanging foot tower.

[Edit Paragraph]Cultural Connotation

The footstools have rich cultural connotations, in addition to the Tujia residential architecture focus on the dragon pulse, built according to the situation and people and God **** place of the phenomenon of the gods, there is also a very prominent concept of space cosmology. Tujia hammock is not only unilaterally in the embrace of the universe nature, the universe is also in the embrace of the universe nature at the same time. This spatial concept of accommodating the universe is very obvious in the ritual song of the Tujia people: "Take a step up, look at the treasure beam, a round of Taiji in the center, and the first element of the line is presented with auspiciousness. On the second step, joyful, 'Qiankun' two words on both sides, the sun and the moon into a pair of eternal enjoyment ...... "Here the" Qiankun "and", "The sun and the moon represent the universe. In a sense, the Tujia hammock in its subjective and the universe becomes closer, more intimate, so that the houses, people and the universe as one, inseparable.

[Edit]Miao footstools

Footstools are traditional buildings of the Miao people, an ancient form of architecture unique to southern China, with people living upstairs and elevated floors downstairs, and are considered by modern architects to be the best form of ecological architecture. The footstools are the architectural masterpieces of the Miao countryside, which are located on the mountains and along the water, lined up and stacked on top of each other.

The formation of the foot-hanging buildings have historical reasons, but also natural reasons. According to architects, the Miao foot-hanging building is a dry-rail building in mountainous conditions characteristic of the creation, belonging to the hermetic style through the bucket picket wooden frame dry-rail type building. From a historical point of view, the Miao architectural culture can be traced back to the ancient times. Miao ancestors Chi where the Jiu Li tribal group began in the Taihu Lake area, they participated in the creation of the Hemudu culture and Liangzhu culture around the Taihu Lake area. Hemudu culture and Liangzhu culture of archaeological discoveries confirmed that the Miao ancestors of the residential is the dry bar type building.

These hanging wooden buildings, full of Miao artistic imagery, provide an eternal passion for life to the arduous life of the Miao people.

The foundation for the construction of the hanging foot wooden building must be the slope dug into the upper and lower two layers; the depth of each layer is more than 6 feet, each layer of the area of about 100 square meters. The difference between the upper and lower layers is about 4 feet or more, and the mountain wall between the layer and the layer and the outer layer of the mountain is built with stones to protect the can. When the house is built, the front row of flooring pillars are set aside on the lower foundation, and the outermost non-flooring pillars are leveled with the floor slabs sticking out of the upper foundation, forming a suspended foot, and the space between the upper and lower foundations becomes the ground floor of the footstools, which is the so-called "sky is flat and the ground is not flat" characteristic of the footstools. Hanging-footed buildings adopt the bucket structure, each row of columns ranging from 5 to 7, and the columns are connected by melons or square pillars, forming a solid network structure. The center column must be made of maple wood, because the maple tree is the totem tree of life of the Miao people, and it is the holy tree that symbolizes the soul of the ancestors.

According to tradition, the shrine of the ancestor's holy spirit is to be located at the foot of the center post on the second floor. The Hmong people believe that in the hammock there are ancestors of the Holy Spirit day and night shade, the family can be prosperous, everyone can be healthy and safe. The walls of the building are made of sliced cedar boards. The window panes of each room are made of wooden strips and are arranged in different shapes and patterns. Each room has a single door, except for the main door of the main hall, which has two doors. Wealthy people also carved dragons and phoenixes in relief on the gate. Above the gate, there are two wooden carvings installed at both ends of the door when the other end of the door when the bull's horns, commonly known as "hitting the door hammer".

Most of the footstools have a suspended corridor outside the foundation of the second floor, which serves as a passageway to the main door. Hall outside the suspended corridor, the installation of a unique s-shaped curved rail chair, the Miao language called "Ga interest" (ghab?xil), the folk have a beautiful name called "beauty leaning", this is because the girls are often picking flowers and embroidery, to the outside to show off their posture and name. In fact, "Ga interest" is also used as a family after a long day's work to relax and take a break, cool off and watch the scenery, tell the inheritance of the Miao myths and migratory history, as well as singing the "ancient song of the Miao", "Ga Baifu song" of the multifunctional lanai.

The foot-hanging building is generally based on three four standing post or three two partial building, generally divided into three layers, the bottom layer are used as livestock and poultry pens, as well as used to shelve farm implements and sundries and other things. The middle layer of people, the center for the hall, the hall on both sides of the post to add columns, floor thickening; because this is the main activity of the family space, but also banquets guests singing and dancing place. There are a few families who place a shrine to the Holy Spirit of the Ancestors on the wall facing the main door. Sacred family ancestor worship activities take place in the hall, and generally, the left and right side rooms are used as bedrooms and guest rooms. The third floor is mostly used for semi-storage of grain and seeds, and is the family's storehouse; if the population is large, it is also fitted with partitioned off bedrooms for occupants. The kitchen is placed in the side building. The spatial division of the building is organized with the room where the shrine of the Holy Spirit of the Ancestors is located as the core, and then extends and radiates outwards. When family members live in such a spatial combination, they are invariably united by the spatial gravitational pull of the hall where the ancestral shrine is located, thus strengthening the affinity of the family. The traditional Miao religion of ancestor worship is fully and perfectly embodied in the residential architecture of the hammock.

[edit]Dong footstools

Footstools are a kind of residential architecture very rich in Dong characteristics. Mountain dwelling of the Dong people's homes are mostly porch-style two or three-story small buildings, downstairs placed stone pestle, stacking firewood and weeds, raising livestock. People live upstairs. The first half of the upstairs is well lit, and is a place for family rest or manual labor; the second half is a room with a ? "fire pit", which is the "ancestors" of the position, but also warmth, cooking. The third floor has a bedroom upstairs. Generally a family of a building, but also some villages, such as Guangxi Sanjiang County, Miaojiang, eight rivers, Linxi area, more than the gathering of the tribe and live together, the same family of houses connected together, the corridor connected to the eaves, can be intercommunicated, celebrations and festivals, gathered here, hosted a banquet to receive guests. The Pingba Dong, such as Tianzhu, Xinhuang, and Lianjiang in Rongjiang County, have two-story houses, with people living downstairs and storing food and sundries upstairs. The hall is equipped with a "shrine", with bedrooms and kitchens on both sides, and pig and cow pens at the back of the house.

Hunan Province, the passage of the Dong ethnic housing, still retained the Baiyue ethnic "dry appendage" type of building features, mostly more than three houses dry appendage type of wooden buildings, the ground floor of the pigs and cattle and other animal husbandry house, upstairs, the wooden buildings have corridors out, and decorated with railings, railings are equipped with fixed benches for rest, commonly known as "hammock", the "hammock", the "hammock", "hammocks". The wooden buildings have corridors extending out and decorated with railings, and fixed benches are provided by the railings for people to rest, which is commonly known as "hanging footstool". This wooden building, up to five or six layers, the structure is strict, not allowed to use a nail, the whole system of mortise and tenon embedded, showing the Dong superb architectural craftsmanship.

The interior layout, the second floor has a fire pit, is cooking and hospitality place. They also retained the Yue people "sitting all squatting" ancient custom, eating and drinking with short feet. Sitting on primitive wooden stools, it is hard to find high tables and chairs. When cooking, firewood should be put in from the west. Because of the legend that the west is the birthplace of the Dong people, the fire was brought by our ancestors from the west. Dong is a beautiful people, like to dress up the environment is very beautiful, such as the house of the column head, like to carve it into the form of bamboo, wooden buildings like with corridors and carved railing. Walled wells, like to use the carving of the green slate to build a hut cover up, the well also put some red, white and black flowers fish. The front and back of the fortress are shaded by ancient trees. Even the village road is also paved with lapis lazuli or pebbles, people always make it into a variety of patterns, very beautiful, so it is called "Flower Street". Therefore, into the Dong village, so that people have as into the gallery.

[Edit]Tujia footstools

When you are in Zhangjiajie, everyone wants to see the Tujia footstools. Due to the successive dynasties of the imperial court on the Tujia to implement the policy of repression of troops, the Tujia people into the deep forest, its living conditions are very poor. The Old Book of Tang says: "Tujia is full of miasma and plague, the mountain has poisonous grass and sand crickets and snakes, and people live in the buildings and climb the ladder up to the dry bar." Coupled with less land, the Tujia people had to repair the steep cliffs on the foot of the building.

The Tujia footbridges are mostly wooden structures, earlier the King of the Tujia strictly prohibit the Tujia poor tile, only allowed to benefit the cedar bark, thatched grass, called "only allowed to buy horses, not allowed to poor tile". Has been to the Qing dynasty Yongzheng thirteen years "change on the return to the stream" only after the rise of Gaiwa. Generally for the horizontal row of four fans of three, three columns of six riders or five columns of six riders, the middle of the hall, for generations of ancestors shrine, is the core of the family rituals. According to the terrain, the building is divided into half hanging, half hanging, double handcart two-wing hanging, hanging key head, curved hanging, Linshui hanging, across the gorges over the hole hanging, rich people carved beams and painted buildings, cornices high, stone level coiled, there is the poetic and pictorial mood of the pavilion in the air.

Tujia footstool

[edit]Yao footstool

Yao footstool in the depths of the South Ridge, everywhere you can see such a unique landscape: in the blue sky and blue water, the mountains covered, a chic wooden buildings in accordance with the mountains and live in the steep mountainous terrain to create a piece of flat space for human habitation. This is the Yao ethnic dwellings footstools.

The Yao people are a mountainous people, often built on the mountains next to the water, the masterpiece is the harmony between man and nature and living in the footstools. Yao people live in mountainous areas, very little flat land for the construction of houses, so they chose a more gentle slope, half of the land leveling, the other half of the mountain according to the different lengths of the cedar wood columns to support, the frame wood paving boards, and dug flat house site into a flat whole, and then built on the whole of this house. The climate in the mountains is humid, rainy and hot, in order to ventilate and avoid moisture and prevent wild animals.

The Yao family footstools are "skillful in borrowing, fine in the body appropriate", the Yao people according to the practicality and environmental characteristics, to strengthen the architectural character, free to choose the site of the Chai water convenient, beautiful terrain, using dozens of cedar wood for the foot, built up the wooden buildings known as the "thousands of feet down to earth". "The whole building is made of cedar wood. The whole wooden building is made of cedar as columns, beams, walls, doors, windows and floors, with cedar skin as the cover, no oil, no paint, no pretense and no ornaments, everything is in accordance with its original color, natural, simple and unadorned, or the golden chicken standing alone on the ridge of the mountain, or a piece of the village in the slope in front of the negative mountains and water, or hidden hidden strange, a thousand forms, pattern of freedom, romantic mood, more importantly, it is warm in winter and cool in summer, not dry and not damp, the air is fresh, it is the best residence for the people of Yaoshan. The best place for people in Yao Shan to live.

These footstools, scattered, hazy, hidden way presented in front of you, like a piece of light and beautiful music, like a simple and simple Yao family man, like a quiet and shy Yao family daughter, into the embrace of nature, to harmonize and unify, the beauty of the connotation of the whole infected people.

Remember the 19th century aesthetes, artists have coincidentally called the building "frozen music". If our country's long history of various human landscapes as a rich and majestic symphony, then I think, this Yaojia footbridges are rooted in the Nanling Mountains, across the ages, hidden and stored for a long time of the song of the ages. It is deep and heavy singing pastoral songs, moonlight songs, lullabies, behind the light melody, contains a very strong sounding story, so it is a thousand years of singing, standing.

No wonder, so many ancient and modern literati, experts and scholars, trekked mountains and water, happy to have come to visit the footstools, and left countless poems and paintings, beautiful articles and music. Born and raised in the Yao painter Wang Mengyi, life and footstools have formed an unbreakable love affair. The foot-hanging buildings under his pen are as quiet as a virgin, and as beautiful as a fairyland. It seems that there is life bubbling and flowing in it. His masterpieces "Border Village" and "Frosty Morning", the foot-hanging buildings on his paper exudes a unique artistic charm, which has been recognized by experts at home and abroad. I think the painter may also be one of the confidants of the footsteps, the cultural and artistic charm of the footsteps itself in the painter's mind stirred up unlimited creative excitement Qing and potential, so he penned the God.

Of course, with the development of production, social progress, now a new generation of Yao people have a new pursuit, they aspire to the city, out of the mountains, into the modern civilization of the ranks of the townspeople to come, their ancestors have lived in the hammock, and therefore by the cold.

Walking into the Yao Mountain I often have a sense of such a scene, in a spring like a modern brick building, there are always a few dilapidated footstools, in the wind and rain silently watch, hidden a few points difficult to support the Bureau and shaking. So my heart can not help but a burst of bitterness; must know that a wooden house is a history of engraved marks, a story of the past ah! You can imagine, it must have been a warm home, family members depend on each other, generation after generation, spring sowing and fall harvesting, hard work, how many brilliant or bleak, ordinary or strange life's first footprints on the brand here ah. The owner of the house, even in his old age, often recalled that difficult and cozy life, cloudy eyes often staring at the life that is crying, wrinkles will gradually smile, that is their own hope ah. They are by the wind and rain of life, such as through the vicissitudes of the footsteps of the building as old, however, who can deny that they have been yellowed by the years of erosion of the history of entrepreneurship? Who can forget the lullaby full of tears and joy? It is the blood and soul of the Yao people.

In the vast land of China, our ancestors left behind many works of architectural art, according to experts, such as the Yao family footstools, such excellent architecture, is the Chinese traditional architecture in the world's longest history of continuation of the longest, the most adaptable, very distinctive style of an architectural system, people should be cognizant of it.

Admittedly, the aesthetic value of the hammock should be a historical depth and abundance, should be the succession and extension of the ancient and modern, without its existence, there is no development of the aesthetic thinking of Yao architecture today, which leaves to posterity is the footprints of the evolution of human civilization, and is the eternal national spiritual temperament.

[edit]Tujia architecture - footstool

Footstool architecture is the embodiment of the wisdom of the Tujia people.?

The foot-hanging buildings for the Tujia people living and living places, more built on the mountain on the situation, was a tiger sitting in the shape of a triple courtyard. Pay attention to the direction, or sit west to east, or sit east to west. The main house has a long three, five long, seven long. Large and medium-sized families are mostly long five or long seven, small families are generally long three, the structure of the 3 columns of 2 melons, 5 columns of 4 melons, 7 columns of 6 melons. The center of the room is called the "hall", which is used for sacrificing ancestors, welcoming guests, and handling weddings and funerals. The left and right rooms on both sides of the hall are called "human dwelling rooms". is the "human dwelling room", each divided into two small rooms before and after the boundary of the center column, the former small room for the fire room, with a 2-eye or 3-eye stove, a fire store in front of the stove, between the fire store and the stove is a 3-foot-square fire pit, surrounded by 3 to 5 inches of lapis lazuli boards, and in the middle of the fire pit, there is a "three-legged" stand, which is used for cooking, cooking and cooking. In the center of the fire pit, there was a "three-legged" stand, which was used to set up pots and pans for cooking and stir-frying. Above the fire pit, a wooden kang frame was hung down from the upper floor for baking bacon and dried tofu. The small back room is used as a bedroom. The small back room was used as a bedroom, which had a floor to prevent dampness, and the parents lived in the big room (left side). (left?) The parents lived in the main room (left side), and the daughter-in-law lived in the small room. The daughter-in-law lived in the small room. (? (right side?) ?. Brothers are divided, elder brother lives in Dali Tou, younger brother lives in Xiaoli Tou, and parents live in the "grab pocket room" behind the shrine in the hall.

No matter how big or small the house has a sky floor, the sky floor is divided into two types of board floor, strip floor. In the bedroom is above the board floor, with wooden boards paved floor, put all kinds of objects and grain cabinets, can also be arranged in the bedroom; in the fire room is above the strip floor, with bamboo strips paved with gaps in the strip floor, specializing in putting grain sticks, melons, by the fire room fire produced by the smoke? Can be smoothly discharged through the gap. The main house in front of the left and right from the chamber of the hammock, after the building pigsties, toilets. Build hanging foot wooden building pay attention to bright feet? (?) that is, the pillars should be straight and long). The roof of the wooden hammock building is characterized by flying eaves. The roofs are characterized by flying eaves and corners. Hanging foot building is often three-story, downstairs placed pestle, mill, stacking firewood; in the middle of the building stacking food, farm equipment, etc., the upper floor for the girls building, is the Tujia girls embroidery, paper-cutting, performance of hemp, shoes, reading and writing place. Outside the middle and upper floors, there is a corridor with wooden rails around the building, which is used to view the drying of clothes and so on. Used to view to dry clothes, etc., in the harvest season, often wear corncobs into long strings, or from the ground to pull the soybeans, peanuts, etc., bundled and tied to hang in the corridor on the cool sun. In order to prevent thieves, the house is surrounded by a stone and mud wall. In front of the main house is a dam, and outside the dam there is an eight-fold gate on the left side of the wall, and most of the houses are surrounded by bamboo, fruit trees and landscape trees. However, the front is not planted mulberry, not planted after the peach, because with the "funeral" and "escape" resonance, inauspicious.

Tujia hammock window carving art is an important measure of the level of architectural craftsmanship. There are a variety of carving techniques such as relief carving, openwork carving, carving techniques are delicate, colorful connotations. Some symbolize the status, some pray for good luck, some show farming, some reflect life, some education, some record style. Flying birds and animals, birds, insects and fish, song and dance competitions, myths and legends, lifelike, deliberate and profound.

There are many benefits of hanging buildings, high hanging ground ventilation and dry, but also to prevent poisonous snakes, wild animals, under the floorboards can also be put debris. Hanging buildings have distinctive national characteristics, elegant "silk eaves" and wide "walking rail" to make the foot of the hanging building of its own style. This kind of hang-footed building is more successful than the "railings" to get rid of the primitive nature, with a higher cultural level, known as the "living fossil" of Ba-chu culture. Yinjiang now well-preserved, representative of the Langxi, Heshui area of the Tujia footbridges.

To Zhangjiajie, who want to see the Tujia footsteps. The Tujia people love to live in groups and live in footstools. Built houses are mostly wooden structure, small green tiles, lattice windows, the Division of the eaves overhanging, wooden railing handrails, walking horse corner, ancient color. General home have a small courtyard, fences in front of the yard, the yard behind the bamboo groves, green stone paving, planing planks mounted house, pine bright illumination, a family living in the sunrise and sunset of the idyllic and quiet life. Kang family to three columns of four chess for the main house, the rich family has five columns of eight chess, there are seven columns of twelve chess and "four patios" of the compound. On both sides of the courtyard, there are compartments or corner houses, including the main house with a single corner house and the main house with a double corner house. The center of the main house is called the hall, and there is a shrine on the upper wall, which is a place for ancestor worship and entertaining guests. The left and right rooms on both sides of the hall are called the living room, and the living room is divided into two rooms with the center pillar as the boundary. One room in the back was for people and the other in the front was called the fire hall. In the fire hall, there is a kang, inside the tripod, for cooking, stir-frying, hot water, is a family dinner, warmth, rest, guests come to sit on the side of the kang. There is a wooden frame hanging on the kang for kang bacon or baking objects.

Due to the successive dynasties on the Tujia to implement the policy of suppression of troops, the Tujia people into the deep mountains and old forests, its living conditions are very poor, the "Old Tang Dynasty Book" said: "Tujia more miasma, the mountain has poisonous grass and sand vipers, and the people and the building to live, climbed the ladder and up, it is a dry fence." Coupled with little land, the Tujia people had to repair the steep cliffs on the foot of the building.

Earlier, the King of the Tusi strictly prohibit the people to cover the tile, only allowed to cover the cedar bark, thatched grass, called "only allowed to buy horses, not allowed to cover the tile". Until the thirteenth year of the Qing dynasty Yongzheng "land reclassification" only after the rise of the cover tile. Generally for the horizontal row of four fans of three, three columns of six riders or five columns of six riders, the center for the hall, for generations of ancestors shrine, is the core of the family rituals. According to the terrain, the building is divided into half hanging, half hanging, double handcart two wings hanging, hanging key head, curved hanging, waterfront hanging, across the gorge and across the stream hanging, rich people carving beams and paintings, cornices high, stone level coiled, there is the poetic and pictorial mood of the pavilion in the air. Famous Tujia poet Wang Chengdong wrote: ?

The strange mountains and beautiful water are wonderful, and the world is a beautiful place. The wine village and the song township are all beautiful.

The foot-hanging tower on the pillow one night,?

They are the most important thing that you can do to make your life better.

Now, if you want to watch the Zhangjiajie Tujia footstools and folkloric performances, the best place to go is the Tujia Museum - Tujia Style Park and Xiuhuashan Pavilion.