What is the role of banks?

Banks are legally established financial institutions engaged in monetary and credit business, the product of the development of commodity monetary economy to a certain stage, and also one of the financial institutions. Banks are divided into central banks, commercial banks, investment banks, policy banks and the World Bank. Their duties are different:

1, People's Bank of China: the central bank of China, which is responsible for implementing monetary policy, macro-controlling the national economy, and supervising and managing financial institutions and even the financial industry.

2. Commercial banks: Industrial and Commercial Bank, Agricultural Bank, China Construction Bank, China Bank, Bank of Communications, China Merchants Bank, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, etc. The duty of a commercial bank is to act as a credit intermediary for financial institutions through deposits, loans, remittances and savings. Commercial banks are one of the most important financial institutions, and their main business scope includes absorbing public deposits, issuing loans and discounting bills.

3. Investment banks: investment banks for short, such as Goldman Sachs Group, Morgan Stanley, JPMorgan Chase, Societe Generale, etc. Its responsibility is to engage in securities issuance, underwriting, trading, enterprise restructuring, mergers and acquisitions, investment analysis, venture capital, project financing and other businesses of non-bank financial institutions.

4. Policy banks: There are three policy banks in China, namely The Export-Import Bank of China, China Agricultural Development Bank and China National Development Bank. A financial institution whose duty is to share or ensure the implementation and cooperation of the government's social and economic policies or intentions for the purpose of making profits, and directly or indirectly engage in policy financing activities in specific business areas as a tool for the government to develop the economy, promote social progress and conduct macroeconomic management.

5. World Bank: Its duty is to help countries overcome poverty, and various institutions play a unique role in the mission of alleviating poverty and improving living standards.

The role of banks in real life;

A bank is an enterprise dealing in money, and its existence is conducive to raising and financing social funds. It is a very important member of financial institutions. On the one hand, it collects idle monetary funds and small monetary savings in society by absorbing deposits, and then lends them to people who need to replenish money in the form of loans; Here, banks act as intermediaries between lenders and borrowers. On the other hand, banks handle the payment and settlement of money for commodity producers and businessmen, and also act as payment intermediaries. In short, banks play the role of credit intermediaries.

The basic functions of commercial banks include: credit intermediary, payment intermediary, credit creation and financial services.

(Excerpted from Baidu Encyclopedia)