History of Wine Cellar

History of Wine Culture in China

China is an ancient civilization that stands out in the world, China is the hometown of wine, and wine and wine culture have always occupied an important position in the 5000 years of history of the Chinese nation. Wine is a special kind of food that belongs to the material, but wine is melted into people's spiritual life.

As a special form of culture, wine culture has its unique position in traditional Chinese culture. Over thousands of years of civilization, wine has permeated almost every area of social life.

First of all, China is an agricultural country, so all political and economic activities are based on agricultural development. The vast majority of Chinese wine is made from grain, and wine is tightly attached to agriculture, becoming part of the agricultural economy.

The abundance and failure of food production is the barometer of the rise and fall of the wine industry, the rulers of the dynasties according to the grain harvest, through the issuance of the wine ban or ban to regulate the production of wine, so as to ensure that the people eat. China is the kingdom of wine.

Wine, in all its forms and colors, and in all its varieties, is the crown of the world. China is the land of the wine people, the land is not divided into north and south, people are not divided into men and women, young and old, ethnic groups are not divided into Han, Manchu, Mongolia and Tibet, the wind of drinking wine, after several dry years and not decline.

China is the wine culture of the most prosperous place, the significance of drinking is far more than physiological consumption, far more than the pleasure of the mouth and stomach; on many occasions, it is as a cultural symbol, a cultural consumption, used to express a kind of etiquette, a kind of atmosphere, a kind of interest, a state of mind; wine and poetry, has never been tied to the bond. Not only that, China's many famous wines not only give people the enjoyment of beauty, but also give people the inspiration of beauty and force; the development of each kind of famous wines, are inclusive of laborers from generation to generation of the exploration of the struggle, heroic sacrifice, so the spirit of famous wines and the pride of the nation are closely linked with the fearlessness of the spirit of the close connection.

This is the spirit of Chinese wine! With the European labeled "God of Wine", very much the same. It seems to think that with the famous wine, Chinese food and drink can be sublimated to boast the world's food culture.

Wine, as the existence of the world's objective substances, it is a varied elves, it is hot like fire, cold like ice; it is lingering like a dream haunted, vicious like the devil, it is soft like brocade, sharp like a steel knife; it is ubiquitous, infinite power, it can be honored to sob, to kill the kill; it can call a person free from the open-minded, talented, debauchery; it can be called to forget the world's pain and worry and worry to absolute! Freedom of space and time to soar; it can also call people reckless, bravely sink to the bottom of the abyss, calling people to throw off the mask, the original form, spit out the truth. Wine, in the long history of human culture, it is not just an objective material existence, but a cultural symbol, that is, the symbol of the spirit of the wine god.

In China, the spirit of the god of wine has its origin in Taoist philosophy. Zhuang Zhou advocated that things and I are one, heaven and man are one, and Qi is one in life and death.

Zhuang Zhou sang the song of absolute freedom, advocating "traveling by things", "traveling beyond the four seas", "no country". Zhuangzi would rather be free in the muddy pond wagging the tail of the turtle, rather than be bound by the head of the stride of a thousand miles of horse.

The pursuit of absolute freedom, forgetting life, death, profit and glory, is the essence of the spirit of the Chinese god of wine. World cultural phenomena have striking similarities, the Western spirit of the god of wine to the god of winegrowing and winemaking Dionysus as a symbol, to the ancient Greek tragedy, the Western spirit of the god of wine rose to the height of the theory of the German philosopher Nietzsche's philosophy of this spirit of the god of wine sublimation, Nietzsche believes that the spirit of the god of wine metaphorical emotional outbursts, is the abandonment of the traditional bondage to return to the primitive state of survival experience, human beings in the disappearance of the The human being gains a great pleasure of life in the wail of despair and pain of the unity of the individual and the world.

In the kingdom of literature and art, the spirit of wine is omnipresent, and it has had a great and far-reaching influence on literary artists and their creations. For, freedom, art and beauty are three in one; art because of freedom, and beauty because of art.

The free state of art due to drunkenness, which is an important way for artists in ancient China to free themselves from bondage to gain artistic creativity. Liu Ling, the famous scholar of the Wei and Jin dynasties and the first "drunkard", said in the "Ode to Wine Virtue", "There is a great man who takes heaven and earth as a dynasty, ten thousand periods as a moment, the sun and the moon as Bibimbap, and the eight wildernesses as a courtyard. "

"Curtain the sky and seat the ground, indulge in what you want."

Do not feel the cold and heat of the cut muscle, the feelings of profit and desire. Look down and see all things, disturbed as the rivers and Han's carry floating weeds."

This realm of the "most human" is the typical embodiment of the spirit of the Chinese god of wine. "Li Bai has written a hundred poems on wine, and the winemaker sleeps in Chang'an city, and the Son of Heaven calls for him, claiming that he is an immortal in wine."

(Du Fu's "Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking") "Drunkenness from the guest, poetry into the consciousness of God."

(Su Shi "and Tao Yuanming 'Drinking Wine'") "A cup of wine has not yet finished the poem has been, surging poetry to the day also surprised." (Yang Wanli, "after the ninth month after the second month of the Wanhua River Valley under the moon to pass the goblet").

Zhang Yuannian, a political poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, said, "After the rain, the flowers know the bottom, drunkenness to win the free body." Examples of drunkenness leading to legendary poems abound in the history of Chinese poetry.

Not only for poetry, but also in painting and calligraphy, the unique art of Chinese culture, the spirit of the god of wine is even more lively. Among painters, Zheng Banqiao's calligraphy and painting can not be easily obtained, so the seeker to take the dog meat and wine hospitality, in Zheng Banqiao's drunkenness in the calligraphy and painting seekers can be as desired.

Zheng Banqiao also know the trick of the painting seekers, but he could not resist the temptation of wine and dog meat, had to write a poem to laugh at themselves: "Look at the moon may be people go to the end of the month, the moon only hated the wine to late. He laughed at his thick waterproofness of the book generation, and want Mr. drunk."

"Wu belt when the wind" of the painting saint Wu Daozi, before painting must be drunk before the pen, drunken painting, waving the pen on. Huang Gongwang, one of the "Four Masters of the Yuan Dynasty", was also "not drunk, not painting".

"Sage of the Book" Wang Xizhi drunk and made the "Lanting Preface", "Thuja strong and robust, no generation", and to sober up "more book dozens of books, and ultimately can not be and the". Li Bai wrote the drunken monk Huaisu: "My master drunkenly rely on Hu bed, sweeping up thousands of sheets in a flash.

Piao Fei sudden rain surprise soughing, falling flowers and snow." Huai Su drunken ink, Fang left its gods and ghosts are all shocked by the "self-narrative post".

Cursive saint Zhang Xu "every drunk, call the crazy walk, is the pen", so there is its "waving the pen down the paper like clouds of smoke" of the "ancient poems four posts".

Chinese wine culture has a history of thousands of years

More than 3,000 years of history.

The history of Chinese winemaking has a long history, which began in the Shang and Zhou periods, more than 3,000 years ago.

Zhu Yizhong's "Wine Scriptures" said that in the early years of the Xia Dynasty, an official named Yidi used mulberry leaves wrapped in rice and brewed it into wine to offer to Dayu, who felt the taste after the meal and lamented, "Future generations will have to die for the sake of drinking wine." So he ordered to prohibit the production of wine, but the method of making wine was still secretly circulated in the palace. Also according to "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" records: "Ancient Qing Shaokang first made a broomstick, broomcorn millet wine, Shaokang, Dukang also."

Since ancient times, the literati and scholars love to drink wine, because; and give the wine a lot of elegant names, such as "golden syrup", "Wan liquid", "Qiongsu", etc., some directly into the poem. Some of them went directly into the poems. Wine has become an important part of the art of literati life. "Li Bai's poetry, wine has become part of the culture of the literati here.

In the daily life of the Chinese people, wine is not regarded as a simple drink, but a "lubricant" for interpersonal relationships and a "bold agent" for personal character, which plays a role in regulating interpersonal relationships, cultivating and stimulating people's character. The main reason for this is the fact that it is not a good idea to have a good time.

As the Chinese saying goes, "no wine is not a seat", wine is omnipresent in our social life; from ancient times to the present day, the Chinese have always been in the friendship, friends meet, whether it is a long time to meet, or invited to meet, we have to put the wine to talk about the feelings of the drink, drink a good time.

The Chinese people put the wedding feast called "wedding wine", had a child to do the full moon said "full moon wine", the Chongyang Festival to drink "Chongyang wine", the Dragon Boat Festival to drink "calamus wine", wishing success to drink "celebratory wine", lovers drink "cross cup wine", make friends drink "worship" wine, in addition, honoring the gods, sacrificing to the gods, and the gods. In addition, to honor the gods, ancestor worship, business and so on have to drink, wine has become a bridge and link of Chinese interpersonal communication, plays an important role in daily life.

Expanded Information:

Types of Chinese Wine and the Culture of Wine

Around the 19th century BCE, legend has it that the ruler of the Xia Dynasty at that time Shaokang, invented the process of brewing wine.

Thus, wine, a drink full of poetry, full of legend, full of Jianghu heroism, full of border sadness, began to accompany all Chinese people. Perhaps we have overlooked Shaokang's other achievement: leading the people of China to defeat the brutal Milestone and realize the revival of the Xia Dynasty.

In fact, according to archaeological discoveries, wine as a beverage in ancient China predates the Xia Dynasty in which Shaokang lived. In addition to Shaokang's wine-making, there are also the ancient Chinese saying that "apes and monkeys make wine", "Yidi makes wine", and "the wine star makes wine", which fully explains that Chinese wine culture has a long history.

Sui and Tang dynasties, the prosperity of poetry in the Tang Dynasty, the wine culture has a role in promoting the emergence of a brilliant "wine chapter culture", wine and poetry, wine and music, wine and calligraphy, wine and fine arts, wine and painting, etc., with the integration of the rise, boiled. The Tang Dynasty is a highly developed period of Chinese wine culture, the Tang Dynasty wine culture is profound, colorful and brilliant.

"Wine catalyzes poetry" is the most condensed and highly embodied Tang culture, wine catalyzes the poet's poetry, and thus internalized in their poems, wine also rises from the material level to the spiritual level, the wine culture in Tang poetry brewing full, taste taste mellow taste for a long time. In the Tang Dynasty, there were more and more wine shops, and wine wars were popular, and wine culture was integrated into the daily life of Chinese people.

At this time, the ceramic wine set gradually replaced the bronze wine set, and became the most widely used daily drinking apparatus.

During the Tang Dynasty, people began to drink at tables, no longer sitting on beds.

The wine culture of the Song Dynasty is the continuation and development of the Tang Dynasty wine culture, which is richer than the Tang Dynasty wine culture and closer to our current wine culture. The wine industry flourished, hotels were all over the place, and Song Dynasty hotels emphasized the cultural individuality of their name brands.

The northern peoples of the Jin Dynasty have always had the wind of booze, with a strong cultural heritage of wine, the Jin Dynasty has the culture of burnt pot wine. And the Yuan Dynasty saw the emergence of shochu (Araraji wine). In addition, distillation was invented in the Song Dynasty, and since then baijiu has become the main type of alcohol consumed by Chinese people.

The porcelain industry in the Song Dynasty was unprecedentedly prosperous, and a large number of porcelain with warm, brilliant, and crystalline colors like jade became wine vessels.

Sogou Wikipedia - Wine