The origin of eating zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival

Another year is the arrival of the Dragon Boat Festival, which literally has the names of Dragon Boat Festival, Chongwu and Chongwu. Dragon Boat Festival Chinese has the meaning of beginning and beginning. Calling Dragon Boat Festival is like calling the fifth day. The following is the origin of eating zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival, which I carefully recommend, for reference only, welcome to read!

The origin of eating zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival

The record of zongzi in historical materials began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. At that time, zongzi was wrapped in a trumpet shape, which was called "corn millet" The local custom of the Western Jin Dynasty said: "The ancients cooked it with millet leaves, with sharp corners, such as the shape of a palm leaf." He also said that this kind of food is eaten every summer solstice and Dragon Boat Festival. According to ancient records, as early as the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, millet and chicken were sacrificed to ancestors in the summer of solstice. Later, the sacrifice of Zongzi to Qu Yuan in the Dragon Boat Festival was just an evolution and development of the original custom.

Nowadays, Zongzi has developed into a folk flavor food that can be seen all year round. Because of the different eating habits in different places, Zongzi has different flavors in the north and south, but the famous dragon boat Zongzi is produced in Zhengzhou, Central Plains, both in the north and south, and has a strong flavor. For example, there are pineapple jiaozi, black glutinous rice peanut jiaozi, mung bean jiaozi, chestnut jiaozi, osmanthus red bean jiaozi, purple glutinous rice jiaozi, candied dates and yam jiaozi, coix seed jiaozi, barbecued pork dumplings, chestnut pork dumplings, mushroom dumplings, Taiwanese classic meat dumplings, Hong Kong-style abalone dumplings, Guangdong-style Yaozhu dumplings, Jiaxing egg yolk meat dumplings, Soviet-style Jinsha Lily dumplings and Beijing-style dumplings.

Nowadays, zongzi is still wrapped in leaves with glutinous rice according to the origin of eating zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival. The sharp corners are like the shape of the heart of a palm leaf.

Why is the Dragon Boat Festival called Dragon Boat Festival?

On the left of Duan is Li, which means to stand up straight, and on the right is pictograph, which means crutches. When the two words are put together, the original meaning of the word "Duan" is that the old man stands up again with a cane, which means rebirth and coming again, similar to "Chu". In ancient times, noon and Friday were common. Therefore, the Dragon Boat Festival also means the fifth day.

Now, people all know that the Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate the year of Qu Yuan, but it is controversial in academic circles. The first person to mention the word Dragon Boat Festival was Zhou Chu, a great writer in Jin Dynasty. He first put forward the concept of Dragon Boat Festival in Local Records. At the beginning of last week, the book said, "On the fifth day of midsummer, you can cook corn." . It proves that at that time, southerners had generally eaten zongzi wrapped in glutinous rice leaves (also known as corn millet).

In the Tang Dynasty, because Xuanzong was born on August 5th, Song Jing changed "Dragon Boat Festival" to "Dragon Boat Festival" in order to please the emperor and avoid the taboo of "martial arts". Since then, the Dragon Boat Festival has frequently appeared in various literary works. Chen's Chronicle of Years Old in Yuan Dynasty also explains this: "The dust people in the capital take the first day of May as the end, the second day as the end, and even five as the end."

It can be seen that we have been celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival until the early Jin Dynasty, which is called the Dragon Boat Festival.

People in China have the habit of celebrating festivals. For example, the Spring Festival is on the first day of the first lunar month, the Dragon Head Festival on February 2, and the Peach Blossom Festival for the Queen Mother on March 3. In addition, there are the Qixi Festival on July 7th, the Double Ninth Festival on September 9th, and the fifth day of May. However, only in the Jin Dynasty was the fifth day of May called Dragon Boat Festival. The Jin Dynasty called the fifth day of May Dragon Boat Festival, so what was the fifth day of May before the Jin Dynasty called?

According to records, the fifth day of May has a history of more than 2,000 years, and China people have been celebrating this festival since the Spring and Autumn Period. However, due to the vast territory and numerous ethnic groups, some Mongolians, Hui, Tibetans, Miao, Yi, Zhuang, Buyi, North Korea, Dong, Yao, Bai, Tujia, Hani, She, Lahu, Shui, Naxi, Daur, Mulao, Qiang and Bo. Its contents mainly include the daughter's return to her parents' home, hanging a statue of Zhong Kui, welcoming the ghost boat, hiding in the afternoon, pasting afternoon leaves, hanging calamus and wormwood, traveling for all diseases, wearing sachets, preparing sacrificial bowls, dragon boat races, fighting competitions, hitting balls, swinging, drawing realgar for children, drinking realgar wine and calamus wine, eating poisonous cakes, salted eggs, zongzi and seasonal fresh fruits.

Therefore, before the Jin Dynasty, the fifth day of May was a festival with various names, even reaching more than 20. Such as Dragon Boat Festival, Duanyang Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Mid-Day Festival, Summer Festival, May Festival, Long Festival, Pujie Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Magnolia Festival, Zongzi Festival, Noon Festival, Daughter's Day, Dila Festival, Poet's Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Noon Festival, Lantern Festival and so on.

The reason why the Dragon Boat Festival was fixed and named by later generations should be said that the early Zhou Dynasty in Jin Dynasty and Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty contributed greatly. Next, we will talk about a question. Who is the Dragon Boat Festival to commemorate? In many people's understanding, the Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Qu Yuan, but academic circles believe that apart from Qu Yuan, the Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Wu Zixu who is loyal to the country, and some people say it is to commemorate his filial daughter Cao E, or to commemorate the intermediary promoter of the Han Dynasty's mission to the western regions. Mr. Wen Yiduo believes that the Dragon Boat Festival is a festival for ancient Baiyue people to hold dragon totem worship activities.

Then, why do modern people firmly remember that the Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Qu Yuan? Yuan, president of Hebei Folk Culture Association, believes that the concept of Dragon Boat Festival existed long before Qu Yuan. He believes that China's historical tradition holds that May 5th is an evil month and an evil day. According to the Book of Changes and other ancient records, yin evil was born in May, and May 5th is just the time when yang spirit runs to the end. On this day, there are many diseases and plagues. Therefore, people insert mugwort leaves, hang calamus, drink realgar wine and match sachets on this day to ward off evil spirits and strengthen the body. It can be seen that before Qu Yuan swallowed his anger and jumped into the Miluo River, China people celebrated the Dragon Boat Festival. Qu Yuan threw himself into the river on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, probably to express his loyalty to the country and the nation on the Dragon Boat Festival.

In China's historical materials, Qu Yuan's appearance in the public view began with Sima Qian's Historical Records, but no one mentioned Qu Yuan in his previous works. According to the literature, the earliest connection between Qu Yuan and the Dragon Boat Festival is the book "Continuation of Qi and Harmony" written by Wu Jun in Nanliang, which has been 750 years since Qu Yuan's death. However, Qu Yuan's patriotic spirit and touching poems have been deeply rooted in people's hearts, and the ruling class also thinks that Qu Yuan's loyalty to the monarch is commendable and conducive to governance, so it is widely publicized. Therefore, the statement commemorating Qu Yuan has the widest and deepest influence and occupies the mainstream position.

Customs and habits of Dragon Boat Festival

Dragon Boat Racing

Dragon boat race is the main custom of Dragon Boat Festival. According to legend, people who originated in the ancient State of Chu were reluctant to part with the death of the sage Qu Yuan, and many people rowed boats to save people. They rushed to catch up with each other and disappeared at Dongting Lake. After that, I will row a dragon boat on May 5th every year to commemorate it. Rowing a dragon boat to disperse the fish in the river so as not to eat Qu Yuan's body. The habit of competition prevailed in wuyue and Chu.

Eat zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival.

Eating zongzi on Dragon Boat Festival is another traditional custom of China people. Zongzi, also known as "millet" and "Zongzi". It has a long history and various patterns.

Peixiangnang

Children wear sachets on the Dragon Boat Festival, which is said to mean to ward off evil spirits and plague. Actually, it is used to decorate the inner head. The sachet contains cinnabar, realgar and fragrant medicine, wrapped in silk cloth, and the fragrance is overflowing, and then tied into a rope with five-color silk thread to make a string of different shapes, all kinds of exquisite and lovely.

calamus

There is a folk proverb that says, "Willows are inserted in Qingming Festival, and Ai is inserted in Dragon Boat Festival". On the Dragon Boat Festival, people regard inserting wormwood and calamus as one of the important contents. Every family sweeps the court, puts calamus and moxa sticks between their eyebrows and hangs them in the class. Acorus calamus, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, Liu Hua, Garlic and Dragon Boat Flower are made into human or tiger shapes, which are called Ai Ren and Ai Hu. It is made into garlands and decorations, beautiful and fragrant, and women compete to wear it to ward off evil spirits.

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