Development trend of producer service industry

1. The scale of industrial producer services is growing day by day.

In recent ten years, the industrial producer service industry is the fastest growing industry in the world economy and has become the focus of foreign investment. Taking OECD countries as an example, the total amount of foreign direct investment in service industry is significantly higher than that in manufacturing industry, and it is mainly concentrated in finance, business services and industrial information services. According to the World Investment Report 2002, 1/3 of the foreign direct investment absorbed by the United States in 2006 went to the financial and insurance field; The owners of foreign direct investment absorbed by the EU should be in the fields of public services, media and finance. More than 50% of Japanese multinational companies' investments in Britain are concentrated in the fields of finance and insurance. In almost all countries, the performance of service industry will affect the speed of economic growth. Because of its extensive correlation effect, more effective service industries (finance, communication, domestic transportation and professional services) can improve the overall economic performance. It is very important for these industries to work together to improve domestic productivity. The economic subject of developed countries has changed from the original manufacturing industry to the service industry, and the growth of its industrial producers' service industry far exceeds the average growth level of the service industry, and the development speed is very remarkable. In OECD countries, the added value of producer services such as finance, insurance, real estate and business services accounts for more than one third of GDP.

Industry experts predict that in the next few years, the industrial producer service industry will continue to maintain a strong development momentum. Take the information service industry as an example. In 20001year, PricewaterhouseCoopers' information technology consulting and service income exceeded $9 billion. Of Deloitte's total consulting revenue, 1/5 comes from information technology consulting business; In KPMG Consulting, the income generated by information technology consulting business has exceeded 50% of the total income. The newly summarized results of the World Information Service Sales Survey show that the total sales of the world information service industry in 2002 was $536.2 billion, down 0.6% from the previous year, which is the first decline since the implementation of the World Information Service Sales Survey. However, according to the market research report published by ——Gartner, an American high-tech market research company, the world information technology service industry is expected to start a slow recovery in 2003 after falling into a trough in 2002. The company predicts that in 2003, the world information technology service revenue will still increase by 3.5%, reaching $555 billion. North America is still the largest information technology service market in the world, and its revenue will reach $2,665,438 +0.5 billion, accounting for 47% of the global market; The western European market will reach $654.38+060.3 billion, accounting for 29% of the global market; Japan's information technology service market is $7 billion/kloc-0 billion, accounting for12.6% of the global market; The market size in the Asia-Pacific region (excluding Japan) will grow to US$ 30.8 billion, accounting for 5.5%. The report also pointed out that the global information technology service industry will continue to recover in 2004, and the market scale will further expand to 584 billion US dollars. At the same time, according to IDC's statistical report, by 2005, the overall market size of global information technology services will reach 700 billion US dollars, of which information technology consulting services will account for 50%.

2. The relationship between industrial producer services and manufacturing industry is getting closer and closer.

The formation of international marketing network in manufacturing industry is a process of gathering marketing talents, product development, product transportation and storage, advertising, insurance, accounting and legal services, and every link of this process is accompanied by service demand. In other words, the relationship between industrial producer services and manufacturing industry is getting closer and closer, which is mainly manifested in the large increase of service input in the intermediate input of manufacturing industry. In recent 10 years, the input in product production in most OECD countries has changed: the growth rate of service input is faster than that in kind, and the boundary between industrial producer service industry and some economic activities, especially manufacturing industry, has become increasingly blurred, and economic activities have changed from manufacturing-centered to service-centered, most obviously communication products. At the same time, some information products can also be mass-produced like manufacturing. On the other hand, the functions of the manufacturing sector are becoming more and more service-oriented, mainly as follows: first, the products of the manufacturing sector are produced to provide certain services, such as communications and household appliances; Second, there are knowledge and technical services sold with the products; Third, service guides technological change and product innovation in manufacturing industry. In the fierce market competition environment, it is difficult to take the initiative to get a lot of profits in the market by providing a certain product as in the past. Many multinational companies have realized that the only way to maintain the original high profit rate is to transform into a service-oriented enterprise. In recent years, many original manufacturing enterprises have integrated their original businesses by entering or merging industrial producer services on a large scale. For example, general electric provides loans to customers by entering the financial industry to stimulate the sales of its products; By merging service companies, HP can provide customers with a full range of services from hardware to software, from sales to consulting; The successful transformation of IBM from a manufacturing enterprise to a service-oriented enterprise in the 1990s strongly illustrates the relationship between industrial producer services and traditional manufacturing.

3. The service mode of industrial producer services presents the trend of virtualization, networking and outsourcing.

The development of information technology makes it possible to virtualize and network the industrial producer service industry, and this service model has increasingly highlighted its advantages and promoted the intelligent level of enterprises. In a virtualized framework, the traditional "internal force" and "external force" resources are efficiently "integrated" or "evacuated", and these related structural elements are brought into play to fully reflect the existing advantages of enterprises.

In addition, if an enterprise wants to give full play to its core competitiveness, it must outsource what it is not good at, so as to concentrate more on its core business, and relevant professional outsourcing companies can also provide more professional and excellent services and reduce the cost of the enterprise, which is a win-win situation. For example, Nike, a famous American company, only produces the most critical air cushion system of Nike shoes, and the rest of its business is almost entirely manufactured and provided by external companies. With its unique design ability, Nike will focus on the research and development and marketing of new products, and manufacture and sell Nike brand sports shoes all over the world. Its output value is increasing by 20% every year. In the past 7-8 years, Nike has earned more than 30% profits for its shareholders.

Kodak's decision to sell its IT department to IBM in 1989 started the outsourcing of IT departments of giant companies. The 10 year contract signed by both parties seems to imply the influence of the lasting vitality of service providers and the stable performance of strong brands on customers' outsourcing decisions. Not long ago, HP released Procter & Gamble's IT outsourcing order and Nokia's outsourcing order, with a contract amount as high as $3 billion, which also shows that the trend of service outsourcing is becoming more and more popular. It is against this background that IBM successfully acquired PricewaterhouseCoopers in 2002. At the same time, IBM is also the largest outsourcing company in the world, and its outsourcing business has increased from "0" in 1993 to almost $20 billion now.

According to the survey conducted by the American Purchasing Association (APS) in 1997, the external procurement services of companies with annual income of more than 80 million dollars increased by 26%, and the external procurement of information technology services accounted for 30% of the total outsourcing expenses, human resources services accounted for 16%, marketing and sales services accounted for 14%, and financial services accounted for/kloc. In Europe, the external procurement of information technology services is also the fastest growing, and the main countries are Britain, France and Italy. In Japan, the survey of MITI/KOOC-0/997 shows that job training (accounting for 20./KOOC-0/%), information system (accounting for/KOOC-0/9.7%), production method (accounting for/KOOC-0/7.4%), accounting and taxation (accounting for/KOOC-0).

At the same time, according to IDC's forecast, the revenue of the business process outsourcing market, including human resources, logistics, procurement, engineering, marketing and sales functions, will reach10.2 trillion US dollars in 2006, and the revenue of this market will be $710.2 billion in 2002. As the United States is in a leading position in this market, the United States will account for 60% of the global business process outsourcing market.

4. Industrial producer services gradually formed a complete industrial chain.

In recent decades, the industrial producer service industry has been fully developed in developed countries, and gradually formed a complete industrial chain, which can provide enterprises with all-round support from product project establishment to product marketing and service. Whether it is the successful transformation of large companies such as IBM and HP or the sudden emergence of small enterprises, we must find a position suitable for our own development in this industrial chain. As the input of commodity production or other services, industrial producer services play an intermediate role in improving output value and operating efficiency at different stages of the production process. They are defined as including upstream (such as feasibility study, venture capital, product concept design, market research, etc. ), midstream (such as quality control, accounting, personnel management, law, insurance, etc. ) and downstream activities (such as advertising, logistics, sales, personnel training, etc. In other words, industrial producer services run through social reproduction links such as production, circulation, distribution and consumption. The key for a production enterprise to maintain its competitive position in the world market is to maintain its service advantage in the three stages of "upstream", "midstream" and "downstream", because the service that runs through the three stages of production begins to surpass the material production stage in the product value chain. Productive services, whether "internalized" services (that is, services provided within the enterprise) or "independent" services (services purchased from outside the enterprise), are the main sources of differences and added value of products produced by producers. This complete industrial chain has become a very necessary soft environment for the development of market economy in developed countries, and the industrial producer service industry has become a powerful allocator of market resources.