What are the characteristics of China culture in the Republic of China?

Throughout the Republic of China, people's pursuit of democracy and science never stopped, and ideological trends and movements for this purpose came and went. The May 4th New Culture Movement first raised these two flags. After the May 4th Movement, the ideological trend and movement of pursuing scientific democracy continued to develop. In science, the "debate between science and metaphysics" of the metaphysical school has a great influence. The "scientific movement" under the guidance of "saving the country by science" from the early 1930s to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression; At the same time, the left is engaged in the "new social science" movement.

In terms of democracy, there is the People's Democratic Movement led by China. The bourgeois "human rights movement" launched by Hu Shi and Luo Longji; In the later period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the national democratic movement was launched. On the eve of the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, left-wing intellectuals also launched a new enlightenment movement that inherited and surpassed the May 4th Movement, once again taking democracy and science as the enlightenment goals, showing a spiral rise in the development of cultural and ideological movements.

The worship of democracy and science became the soul of the times in the culture of the Republic of China. During this period, the spiritual pursuit of democratization and scientism penetrated into all fields of cultural development. In education, the most authoritative guiding principle of this educational reform is the populist (or democratic) education advocated by Dewey.

It emphasizes the equality of the right to education, pays attention to cultivating people's individuality and independent personality, and attaches importance to the spirit of experiment, which has made great contributions to the formation of modern education in China. In literature and art, there is always a passionate pursuit of democracy and scientific spirit.

: Republic of China (19 12- 1949),

Located in the east of Asia, facing the Pacific Ocean in the east. It is the first democratic republic in Asia established after the Revolution of 1911, referred to as the Republic of China. As a major victorious country in the Second World War and one of the five founding countries of the United Nations.

19 1 1 After the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, the revolutionary party established an interim government in Nanjing, and representatives from all provinces elected Sun Yat-sen as interim president, which was formally established in 19 12 1 month. Beiyang forces headed by Yuan Shikai were in charge of China. After the collapse of Beiyang government, the political situation was turbulent. Sun Yat-sen went south to Guangzhou, convened the first national congress of the Kuomintang, established the Whampoa Military Academy, and then established the National Government. Sun Yat-sen died shortly after the cooperation between the two countries.

1926, Chiang Kai-shek inherited Sun Yat-sen's legacy and led the National Northern Expedition, intending to unify China. By 1928, the northeast changed hands, and the National Government officially unified China. Chiang Kai-shek became the leader of the Kuomintang after Sun Yat-sen, and the unified Republic of China entered the construction period of golden decade. During this period, society was stable, education developed steadily and tended to be stereotyped. 1937 War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out in an all-round way, and China became an anti-fascist ally, greatly improving its international status and becoming the four major countries of the United States, Britain, China and the Soviet Union in one fell swoop. After 1949, he was defeated in the civil war and moved to Taiwan Province.

According to the Constitution of the Republic of China, the territory of the Republic of China is based on its inherent territory, but it does not stipulate what is inherent territory. If Mongolia is included, its area is11418174 square kilometers, making it the second largest country in the world (after Russia).

The Republic of China adheres to the political system and sovereignty belongs to all citizens. At the beginning, the interim constitution was promulgated, and then the national government implemented the military and political period, political training period and constitutional period under the background of the Three People's Principles and the general plan of founding the country. After the Anti-Japanese War, a national assembly was held to determine the presidential system.

During the Republic of China, diplomacy was characterized by internationalization and the establishment of a modern nation-state, following international rules, safeguarding national interests, legal independence and de facto autonomy.