What are architectural ceramic decorative materials and what kinds are there?

Building ceramics refers to advanced earth-burning products used for indoor and outdoor decoration of buildings. The main varieties are interior and exterior wall tiles, floor tiles, ceramic mosaic tiles, glazed tiles, ceramic murals, ceramic ornaments and indoor sanitary ceramics. It belongs to fine pottery, stoneware and coarse fine porcelain.

In terms of product types, ceramic products are mainly divided into pottery, porcelain and stoneware.

Pottery usually has a certain degree of water absorption, rough and dim cross section, opaque, rough knocking sound, some unglazed, some glazed, divided into coarse pottery and fine pottery. Generally, the rough ceramic body is composed of one or more kinds of clay with more impurities, and sometimes it is necessary to mix barren raw materials or clinker to reduce shrinkage. Fine pottery refers to white or ivory porous pottery products, mostly made of plastic soil, kaolin, feldspar and timely as raw materials, which are fired twice by plain firing and glaze firing. Fine pottery can be divided into architectural fine pottery (such as glazed tiles), artistic fine pottery and daily fine pottery according to different uses.

The body of porcelain is dense, basically does not absorb water, and has certain translucency. Usually glazed, some special porcelain is not glazed, even white porcelain, but the degree of sintering is still very high.

Stoneware is a product between pottery and porcelain. In China, it is usually called primitive porcelain, or stone-tire porcelain. The difference between stoneware and pottery is that the pottery body is porous, but the porosity of stoneware body is very low, and the body is dense, reaching the degree of sintering, and the water absorption is usually less than 2%. The main difference between stoneware and porcelain is that most stoneware bodies are colored and have no translucency. Stoneware can be divided into coarse stoneware and fine stoneware according to the fineness and uniformity of its blank. Exterior wall tiles, floor tiles, acid-resistant ceramics and jars used for architectural decoration belong to coarse stoneware, while daily stoneware and furnishings belong to fine stoneware.