Ming and qing dynasty porcelain on the dragon pattern why there are three claws four claws five claws of difference

It is because of the different dynasties, the culture about the dragon decoration is also different. Different dynasties, different periods, different emperors served time, dragon decoration has different characteristics.

One, the Ming Dynasty:

Dragon pattern for the official kiln porcelain is the most common decorations, the body coarse shape, pig mouth (lower jaw than the upper jaw a little longer), the dragon whiskers upward scrolling, fish scales, five claws and more. This is the general characteristics of the periods, and more or less still some differences; the end of the Ming Dynasty, the dragon painted more hastily, messy lines, light colors, filler rough. Chongzhen when the front of the dragon, shaped like an old man, no anger and majesty, reflecting the rule of the Ming dynasty is already thinning, the breath of the faintly disabled.

Yongle, Xuande dragon: pig's mouth, neck is slightly thin, the dragon's body is stout, the dragon's head of the upper jaw lip high protruding, protruding lower jaw, nose up, open eyes and tongue, five bundles of long hair to the back of the up for the wave-like fly up, long body, four feet strong. The dragon claw was a disk-type stretch, elbow hair long fluttering, the shape of the god is heavy and majestic. Claws have three, four, five claws: three-clawed dragon, claws back; five-clawed dragon, a claw forward, the other four claws back, five claws claw tip into a banded circular arrangement.

Hongzhi: The dragon's two eyes are flat. Mostly five-clawed. Generally speaking, the dragon head square, shut up and show a tooth, double short beard upward, eye brows upright, round eyes side by side flat stare dull, elbow hair short, fine flower tail.

Zhengde Dragon: Generally speaking, the head of the dragon is square, shutting its mouth and showing one tooth, with two short whiskers floating upwards, eye brows erect, round eyes side by side and looking at the dull, short, fine flower tail. Dragon head flat long, neck thin body thick, the dragon's mane hair is triangular, upside down in the top of the head, mouth such as lamps, a front and back side by side on a horizontal line. The five claws are short, thick, and powerful, and they are spread out in a wheel-like fashion.

Jiajing: dragon more painted wings, flying hovering, sideburns erect, fierce posture. Its main feature is the eyes of the dragon, similar to the eyes of the flounder. Jiajing painted dragon motifs fierce, more sideburns up, is a characteristic of the Jiajing dragon motifs.

Jiajing dynasty began to appear frontal dragon. Jiajing frontal dragon, square head and wide forehead, some written on the forehead of the word "king", more than the strong appearance, not fierce enough. Side of the dragon, the upper jaw is longer than the lower jaw, the nose for the Ruyi head shape, open mouth and tongue, short tongue like a dagger - head, or shut up and show a tooth, short beard on both sides of the nose, the dragon for the curve of the triangle.

Jiajing chi dragon, depicted extremely simple and sloppy, like a gecko, there are walking, there is a group. The dragon on the front and the chi dragon are both unprecedented.

Wanli: frontal dragons than the Jiajing dynasty increased, the head is large, full face, commonly known as the "cow's head face". Mane hair is very thick, to the top of the head as the boundary of the middle seam, to the sides of the strewn. Wanli side dragon, dragon head flat long, like a crocodile, mouth opening degree is very large, spit out a long tongue in the shape of a ribbon, some of the lower lip whiskers show bamboo leaf arrangement, some tied into a butterfly. Wanli shut up the dragon's chin more forward, the face of the long, round eyes. The scales of the dragon's body are mostly simplified into jagged, black, and the abdomen of the dragon is a wide line of blue and white.

The Ming Dynasty revered the virtue of fire, so in the dragon, lion and beasts with more flame patterns.

Second, the Qing dynasty:

The whole Qing dynasty dragon claws are more or less hooked, seemingly powerful, 4 toes forward, 4 claws facing the same direction, the other 1 toes backward, the dragon's claw direction and the direction of the other 4 claws relative to the direction. The dragon of the Qing Dynasty, the body is also thicker, the lower jaw is shorter, the image is more kind.

The characteristics of each dynasty are:

Shunzhi and Kangxi: the dragon's form and image have the style of the middle of the Ming Dynasty, which is more majestic. There is a kind of over-wall dragon - the form extends from the inside of the bowl and plate to the outer wall, which was first seen in this dynasty.

Shunzhi dragon pattern: chicken-clawed dragon, "dragon head" has a sense of ferocity, sparse dorsal fins, scales for patchwork. Official kilns for the five-clawed dragon (three or four-clawed dragon for the kilns).

Kangxi dragon pattern: dragon scales fine Qi overall sense of strong, its entire shape like the Chinese character for a "bow" character. Kangxi dragon pattern, the majestic and robust large dragon and thin and shriveled small dragon coexist. The legs of the dragon are thick at the top and thin at the bottom, with no distinction between the upper and lower legs, and the toenails are pointed forward; some of the dragons have a snake-like scaly abdomen in light colors. There are fire and cloud motifs, as well as kui dragon motifs, and a blue and white seawater kui dragon dish.

Yongzheng dragon pattern: Yongzheng crocodile dragon, blue and white cloud dragon, and chi dragon pattern; blue and white chi dragon disk, dorsal fins are more rounded and blunt, the height of the same, four claws or five claws, of which three claws or four claws for the clockwise group arrangement, the other for the counterclockwise arrangement. Open the front of the dragon pattern in the dense fire pattern, are floating, fire more than four-toothed, there are also five-toothed, which must be a fire long with the other, some of the fire from the bottom of the burn up.

Yongzheng's seawater dragon, dragon mouth forehead upward, and turned out, three claws, toes have three nodular, blank claws within the toes by a short line at each. There are several whirlpools in the seawater, the whole dragon body is covered with fish scale pieces, and the back of the dragon has white serrations.

Qianlong dragon pattern: for the old man dragon, dragon head has the old man's head of "powerless", or "kind" feeling, the dragon's demeanor by the majesty began to become good, no longer has the sacrosanct and inviolable supreme god appearance. A large blue and white dragon with rounded eyes and a serrated dorsal fin.

Dragon claw arrangement is rich in variation: the same five-clawed dragon, some of the four claws for the clockwise group arrangement, another claw counterclockwise and its symmetry; some of the four claws for the counterclockwise group arrangement, another claw clockwise and its symmetry.

Some dragons have a snake-like scaly abdomen in light colors. The five-clawed toes are outlined with lines of colorless pointed nails. The four toenails of the front legs are arranged counterclockwise and the other one clockwise, while the four toenails of the back legs are arranged clockwise and the other one counterclockwise. In some cases, all the toenails are arranged counterclockwise and the other toenail is arranged clockwise.

Jiaqing dragon pattern: the dragon claws and its arrangement inherited from the previous dynasty, but the toe is very thick. More heavily on ceramics, more secular, the form of dragon boat, baby play dance dragon, dragon wearing flowers, etc., to become a plaything, the dragon has greatly lost the sacred and majestic, the supreme authority of the image.

Daoguang dragon pattern: for the fish dragon (also called shrimp bow dragon), fish dragon is also very image, it is through the head, fins are like fish "fins"! The limbs and torso are stout, but the claws are as thin as thread.

Tongzhi dragon pattern: thin neck and thick body contrast, thick legs, thin shins, tail upward, like a beast.

Guangxu dragon pattern: more variations in the shape, Guangxu's eye-dotting dragon, some of the torso without dorsal fins; some dorsal fins in the form of short columns; some for the monkey's head, as an upright walking; some of the thin neck, thick torso, strong legs, thin shins.

Extended information:

Ming Dynasty

Ming Dynasty dragons: ferocious and mighty, most of them are decorated with zigzagging ribbons in front of their chests, and are clad in flames, with their furious hair roaring between the waves and auspicious clouds. between the sea waves and auspicious clouds to show the dominant power.

Specific features: slightly rounded head, thinner than in the previous dynasty, sideburns into a tent, the hair has upward or diagonally upward momentum. Lower jaw is longer, especially the upper jaw end of the muscular, high protruding, Ruyi shape, shaped like a pig's mouth, so it is called "pig's mouth dragon"; eyelashes are more realistic, the upper edge of the eyelid is generally represented by several short vertical lines eyelashes; double whiskers are thick, stretching and powerful, shaped like a harpoon, some of the double whiskers of the dragon pattern in the local part of the spiral zigzagging, but the tip of the whiskers into the forward, straight and not curved; claws first, the first, the first, and the first, the first, and the first, and the last. Straight but not curved; claws of the first and second toes relative to the crab-pincer shape, the distance between the toes is relatively similar, shaped like a windmill; the body is a grid pattern, sawtooth pattern is more.

Qing Dynasty

Qing Dynasty dragon pattern: the imposing, dragon head back spoon full, robust body, covered with a behemoth of the state, the line shocked the power of the earth.

Specific features: the dragon's head changes a lot, the pig's mouth contraction, showing that the lower jaw is longer than the upper jaw. Long hair or more clusters of short hair; eyelash form diversity, many depicted in the form of bamboo leaves, the phenomenon of eyelashes during the Shunzhi used to see the eyelashes, Kang Yong period eyelashes from time to time, the Qianlong dynasty, the phenomenon of eyelashes is very common; must be clear; the first two toes stretched into a straight line, the paw as if stepping on the flat ground, the body of the dragon dancing, paw, but on the ground by the rhythm of the force; the dragon's body scales are mostly with coloring

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Reference:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Dragon Patterns