Renovation of the house process and precautions

Start to move in the whole process to explain and considerations:

Decoration a *** on the four processes, namely, plumbing and electricity, masonry, carpentry, painting. The four processes are interrelated and interact with each other, while the standardized process standards are a guarantee of quality.

I. Start phase

After the design is completed and the budget is determined, the work can begin.

(A) property-related formalities

Decoration company with a copy of the business license, relevant design drawings, and you go to the property company for the relevant formalities. Remember to bring enough cash, first of all need to pay the decoration deposit, the general amount is 2000 yuan, the owner and the decoration company to pay 50% each. However, it is recommended that all owners pay, because if the decoration company paid, basically no return. Pay the property management fee, buy water and electricity, and the decoration company needs to handle the construction personnel access card.

If it is on the day of the receipt of the house, the property company should send someone to pressure, water test, test electricity.

(ii) site design briefing:

The so-called design briefing, is the first day of construction, the designer with a full set of design drawings to the site, to the project supervisor for briefing. Project supervisors are generally more experienced on-site, they can often find some design omissions in the process of design briefings, will require designers to make design changes. Workers are strictly in accordance with the design drawings for construction, so once the design errors and omissions, the designer must immediately modify the design, design modification, the budget should also be adjusted accordingly.

(C) the positioning of water and electricity:

Water and electricity part of the general need to re-construct, water and electricity transformation of the basic principles are: water from the water table after a complete transformation, re-laying pipes; circuit generally try to use the original line, only partial transformation or additions. Because the cost of plumbing and electrical remodeling is generally used in advance, immediately after the completion of the actual settlement method, a little inattention, it is easy to be taken out of the cage, the actual amount of the settlement greatly exceeds the amount of the case of the amount received in advance. In order to protect the interests of consumers, the project supervisor should first clearly tell the owners: the budget of the water and electricity remodeling pre-charged to complete those projects. The water circuit transformation is generally relatively simple, can meet the bathroom, kitchen, washing machine, mop pool these parts of the water on it. The key is to pay attention to the circuit remodeling can meet your needs. The project supervisor should first tell you, according to the amount of pre-charged to do something for you, and one by one with a chalk drawing on the wall, if you still need to increase in addition to this, but also must clearly tell you that the increase in the part of the cost of how much more need to be increased.

(D) find the level

Masonry into the field, the first thing is to find a good level, and now generally use a laser level meter directly on the wall to hit the level, and then pop up the ink line. There is no laser leveler, you can only use a transparent plastic tube filled with water to find the level of the old way.

(E) Smashing and masonry wall

If there is an old wall to be removed and a new wall to be built, the workers will carry out the construction according to the design drawings. Designers should be familiar with the building structure, in the demolition or wall shifting should be cautious: bearing walls can not be demolished; beams can not be smashed; in the absence of beams below, generally do not directly lay a new wall on the ground, even if you have to masonry, but also should be used to lightweight bricks; bathroom walls should not be easy to demolish, to prevent the destruction of the original waterproofing structure. Some owners in order to maximize the use of space, whimsical, demanding 24 walls smashed in half, and some designers to throw in the towel, surprisingly, also according to the owner's requirements for the design. To know that the wall is now hollow brick or even lightweight bricks, sledgehammer, the whole wall is shaky, want to smash to half is simply not possible, unless all smashed re-built, but this a smashed a brick, are the need for money. The wall must be built with new bricks, and the red bricks must first be watered through. The level and plumb lines must be hung. The new wall and the old wall combination part, first of all, the old wall must be the original cement mortar shoveling, every 10 bricks or so in the old wall to play two 5-8 centimeters deep hole, and then inserted side by side with two 6 mm reinforcing bars, outside of the left more than 15 centimeters of reinforcing bars into the new wall to ensure that the new and the old wall is firmly connected. The surface of the old and new walls should be hung with 20-30 centimeters wide steel wire mesh before plastering.

(F) the handling of the door

Standard door page height is generally 2 meters, the highest 2.2 meters or so, if the doorway exceeds this height, it is necessary to deal with.

Many decorative companies deal with the process is nailed to the keel of the plasterboard after scraping on the putty and then brush white, such a process of treatment, long time the combination of plasterboard and brick wall will certainly appear cracks.

The correct construction process should be now pouring cement over the beam, over the sorghum inside at least three 8 mm reinforcing bars, will be over the sorghum after the good, and then above the bricks full, and then batch good cement mortar.

(VII) flue treatment

High-rise buildings due to the number of households, the flue temperature is particularly high, so be sure to add a layer of cement mortar on the flue mesh, otherwise the tiles are easy to come off later.

(H) wall plaster

Newly built walls must be watered and then plastered, red bricks must be watered through, lightweight bricks are moderately watered. The batch of gray attention to ensure that the wall surface is flat.

II. Water and electricity renovation project

(a) water renovation

1. Both methods have their own merits.

The so-called sky, that is, the pipeline will be installed in the ceiling, suitable for the route through the installation of suspended ceiling design program, the reason is that the future maintenance is convenient. But the pipe is exposed to the air for a long time, easy to aging, affecting the service life.

The so-called into the ground, that is, all the pipes are buried in the ground, the disadvantage is that once the leakage occurs, maintenance is more difficult. At present, most of the basic use of the ground.

2. Go straight and vertical

Pipeline towards the same two methods, one is to take the shortest straight line, one is to pay attention to vertical and horizontal. In general, the latter is more.

3. Installation of a master valve

Some properties water meter location unified installation in the downstairs, the household after the absence of a master valve, you should install a master valve to facilitate future maintenance.

4. Hot water pipeline insulation

Hot water pipeline are generally installed insulation. But the insulation should not enter the kitchen, bathroom parts, because these parts often have water, easy to penetrate through the insulation to other areas. This is the practical experience summarized in the process of use.

5. Pipe diameter

The main water pipe is generally 25 millimeters of pipe, sub-pipe is generally 20 millimeters of pipe. Piping all hot water piping is also a popular trend. The only difference between hot water piping and cold water piping is that the piping wall thickness is different.

6. Hot water piping and cold water piping to maintain a reasonable distance between

7. Pipe connection Pipe connection using hot melt method, the key technology is the mastery of hot melt temperature.

8. The position of the inner tooth bend

The so-called inner tooth bend, refers to the connection of the later faucet elbow of the inner wire, its position is particularly important, one can not be crooked, two should be flat with the tiles. In order to ensure the correct position, the plumber after the installation is not immediately fixed with cement, can be temporarily fixed with a wooden square, to be masonry tiling wall tiles when their own positioning.

9. Pipes intersection position

Pipes intersection, should do the bridge bend processing, so that after processing, always accounted for only one pipe height, will not raise the ground extra.

10. Water quality check

Pipes all installed, must be through the pressurized test. Generally can be pressurized to 10 kilograms for more than 2 hours, if the pressure basically does not fall, indicating that the quality of the project is qualified.

11. Check whether the water is smooth

Pay attention to check whether the water pipe is smooth, if you find that the water is not smooth, the general reason is that in the process of construction, the downpipe fell into the cement mortar clogging the pipeline, you can go downstairs to open the downstairs access port for dredging.

(B) circuit remodeling

First revisit the physics knowledge learned in high school.

Power consumption: kilowatts per hour (KW/H), commonly known as "degrees"

Power (P) unit: Watts (W)

Current (I) unit: Ampere (A)

Voltage (U) unit: Volt (V)

Power = current? Voltage, i.e. P = U ridicule

Power consumption = power? time of electricity consumption, i.e., power consumption = P tan.

The national standard wire can load current value: copper core wire cross-sectional area (square millimeter) allow long-term current (ampere) allow load (watt) 2.5 16-25 3520-5500

4.0 25-32 5500-7040

6.0 32-40 7040 8800

The above permissible load refers to the wire in the air under natural heat dissipation conditions, taking into account the impact of the buried after the heat dissipation, according to the 1mm2/5A insurance coefficient for the calculation, it will be as follows:

Copper core cross-section area (square millimeter) Permissible long term current (ampere) Permissible load (watt)

2.5 12.5A 2750w

4.0 20A 4400w

6.0 30A 6600W

After this method of calculation has yielded a relatively safe figure, you will know how much wire to use according to the power consumption of your own home appliances.

Currently, commercial housing is basically 10 square millimeters of wire, air-conditioning line for 4 square millimeters, sockets for 2.5 square millimeters.

Circuit remodeling should pay attention to the problem:

1. Use of national standard wire

Smaller factories produce wire is basically a non-standard product, the price is cheap, but the material is poor, backward technology, cutting corners, the quality of the national standard can not be achieved, it is recommended that you do not use. Should use the regular enterprise production, to meet the national standard wire. (At present, Changsha generally use Hengyang gold cup wire)

2. Strong electricity control box do not easily displace Often see some homeowners asked to strong electricity control box to displace, this is quite imprudent. Strong power control box of the home line are 10 plane millimeters of multi-stranded wire, shift is bound to need wiring, multi-stranded wire connection requirements are high, must cross and then single-stranded winding, and then finally with special tools to press. General decoration company workers neither special tools and do not know the technology, so do not easily shift.

3. Visual doorbell shift Visual doorbell shift although simple, but because it is generally used in a variety of colors, if there are a variety of colors of wire on hand, directly in the middle of the cut and then with the same color line connected to each can be. But decorative companies are unlikely to have a variety of colors of wire, it is very easy to get it wrong, so it is recommended to ask the property shift.

4. Network line layout Network lines can generally go from the living room of the weak box to a room, and then from there to other rooms.

5. Switches and sockets must be replaced developers originally installed poor quality switches and sockets, including the bottom of the box will be replaced. (The bottom box is counted in the decorative company half of the budget, switch panel for the main material part of the all-inclusive project includes)

6. Slotting process The first line, and then cut, and finally open the groove with an impact hammer. The depth of the groove should be buried in the pipe after leaving room for sealing cement.

7. Dual-control line The so-called dual-control line, refers to the different places can control a light on and off, mainly used in the bedroom, living room, hallway and other places. Dual-control although convenient, but the need for m m, in fact, can be solved in other ways. For example, the aisle can leave a socket, install a night light, and keep it on at night. For example, the bedroom can use a lamp, go to bed with the overhead light off, go to bed with the lamp off, both convenient and save money.

8. Cabinet air conditioning The circuit is a separate 4-square wire circuit. Generally should be installed air switches, if you use 16 ampere sockets, you must buy high-quality products, otherwise it is very easy because of the lack of capacity of the socket, triggering a fire.

9. line pipe to leave enough space Based on 2 reasons, the total cross-sectional area of the wires in the line pipe shall not exceed 60% of the cross-sectional area of the line pipe, one must leave enough space for the power line to dissipate heat, and the second is to facilitate the replacement of wires in the future. Wire in the line pipe is strictly prohibited to have joints. Should use brand wire pipe, do not be greedy for cheap use of miscellaneous brand wire pipe. Only in the shear wall, beam, roof position, can use yellow wax pipe as wire casing, other places are prohibited. If the use of yellow wax pipe in these locations, it is in line with the specifications of the process, please rest assured that homeowners.

10. Pipe turn processing

Pipe turn shall not use elbows, shall not be arbitrary bending, must use spring bender.

11. Strong and weak power lines to maintain distance The so-called strong power, refers to the 220V and 380V power lines, slightly weak power, refers to the network, telephone, television with lines, they are parallel, should be maintained at a distance of more than 30 centimeters. (Prevent electromagnetic interference) 12. lamps and lanterns installation Large lamps and lanterns installation using metal expansion screws fixed, small lamps and lanterns must be fixed using plastic expansion screws, prohibited the use of wooden tip fixed.

12. Acceptance of the circuit generally use megohmmeter (shaking table) to detect the insulation resistance between each group of wires, the insulation resistance of each circuit should be about 0.5 megohm.

13. Inspection of qualified before closing with cement.

14. Special tips Installation of power-consuming appliances, must be based on the original lines and meters to withstand the load of the residence, "according to the strength of the". For example, the installation of electric underfloor heating in the whole house, you must carefully consider this issue. The power consumption of electric underfloor heating, together with the power consumption of other household appliances, should not exceed the maximum load of the wiring and meter. (Be sure to calculate the maximum power of the electric underfloor heating, and use the appropriate size of wire for a separate circuit)

Three. Masonry

(a) ground leveling

Previously, the ground leveling is generally used "point elevation", that is, after pulling a good level line, with cement mortar to make a few standard height blocks, according to the construction of these standard height blocks for leveling. Now the length and width of the floor has been completely different from before, laying the floor on the ground leveling requirements are also higher and higher, slightly uneven, will seriously affect the quality of floor laying. So this backward process has been gradually eliminated. Now the general use of the "stretching and leveling" process. This process, first of all, in the ground to pull a good level line, and then every 2 meters or so in the ground with dry cement mortar stacked 5-8 centimeters wide horizontal rib. After the leveling bars have solidified, you can start leveling the ground. First of all, the ground must be cleaned and sprinkled with water (if the original ground is crusted, it should be removed). If the floor is burnt and dusty, a layer of cement slurry should be swept on first. Then pour cement mortar of suitable dryness and humidity between the two horizontal bars, and push the aluminum alloy strip against the two horizontal bars to smooth out the cement mortar. The dryness and humidity of the cement mortar must be well mastered, using too thin cement mortar, after drying, the center is prone to nesting. Paved floor heating place, due to the heat storage layer has been below, above the leveling layer is generally only 2-3 centimeters thick, so the cement mortar generally need to be slightly thinner, to ensure that the two layers of tight joints between. And should be done in the heat storage layer the next day, immediately complete the construction of the leveling layer, so as to ensure the tight joint between the two layers, to avoid the phenomenon of hollow drums between the two layers.

(B) tile paving process

A. Tile paving

A good master mason, will not enter the field in a hurry to immediately start paving the ground tiles, he will generally be seriously measuring the ground, put the line, and seriously study the position from that paste to be able to minimize the loss of tiles.