What is the "specific medicine" for the new forces of OEM, acquisition, joint venture, self-built factory and car building?

A few days ago, a news in the automobile circle attracted everyone's attention, which once again triggered a hot discussion: Xpeng Motors acquired a 0/00% stake in Foday Automobile/KLOC-0 for160,000 yuan, which made it possible for Tucki to obtain production qualification and set up its own factory.

So, before, what did Xpeng automobile rely on to solve production problems? OEM production.

In fact, it's not just Tucki, but the new car-making forces you are familiar with, such as Weilai, all have OEM experience or are still OEM. After combing, it is not difficult to find that most of the new car-making forces with weak foundation will go through the evolutionary road of "OEM-joint venture or acquisition-self-control", but some have evolved and some are still in the primary stage.

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OEM: The Primary Stage of Evolution

OEM is the most elementary stage on this evolutionary road. At present, many new forces still adopt this method. Because no matter which side, this is a win-win situation.

First of all, for the new car-making forces, most of them obtained funds through financing at first, and the funds were limited, hoping to benefit as soon as possible. However, building a car is a time-consuming thing. For a new force with little experience in building cars, finding talents, designing, establishing a new supply chain system and building factories are not things that can be done in a short time. In addition, in order to meet the sales requirements, we need road test and sales channel construction. This also requires a lot of manpower, material resources, financial resources and time. OEM can not only solve the problem that new car-making forces have no production qualification and product access qualification, but also save costs. It can focus more on new car research and development, realize mass production quickly, participate in market competition, and get the "qualification" of this new energy car-making competition as soon as possible.

Secondly, for OEM car companies, after the rapid development and expansion in previous years, the production capacity of traditional car companies is relatively large. In the past two years, with the cold winter of the automobile market, the sales volume declined and the production capacity declined. What about the redundant factories, equipment and workers? OEM can just solve this problem, which is one of them. Second, traditional car companies are not as good at giving full play to the advantages of the Internet and grasping the pain points of consumers. Therefore, traditional car companies also hope to learn some advanced concepts through "OEM".

Finally, for local governments, it is a good thing for both traditional car companies and new forces to build cars. As long as enterprises can be operated and workers can move, it will not only benefit taxes, but also bring employment and stimulate the economy. They will naturally be happy with it, and even offer some preferential policies to promote it.

Therefore, as you can see, many new car-making forces have found "partners" in recent years, and some models have been delivered. Such as ES6 and ES8 cooperated by Weilai and Jianghuai, G3 cooperated by Tucki and Haima, EV 10 cooperated by Dianka and Southeast, DEV 1 0 cooperated by Xinte and FAW Car, etc.

However, the new forces of making cars also have some disadvantages that cannot be ignored, such as uncontrollable production cost, uncontrollable quality control, uncontrollable production process and rhythm, and poor anti-risk ability. So I have always had the idea of building a factory independently.

02

Joint venture: This is a win-win result.

Weilai is a new power brand that never lacks topics. Recently, it was reported that HYCAN (Hechuang) 007 jointly produced by Guangzhou Automobile Weilai will be officially launched on April 10, which made everyone focus on this new force in car making.

Compared with the previous cooperation between Weilai and Jianghuai, the joint venture between Weilai and GAC is more "advanced". 20 17, 17 At the end of February, Guangzhou Automobile Group announced that Guangzhou Automobile Group, Guangzhou New Energy and Weilai Automobile planned to jointly establish Guangzhou Automobile Weilai New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd., with a total investment of 128 billion yuan. The two sides will cooperate in technology research and development, parts production and operation of intelligent networked new energy automobile industry. Among them, GAC contributed 45%, Weilai contributed 45%, the founding team of the company accounted for 10%, and the chairman was Li Bin, founder of Weilai. It can be seen that Weilai should have more say in this company.

In addition to cooperation with GAC, Weilai has also cooperated with Changan since then. 2065438+In August 2008, Changan Weilai New Energy Automobile Technology Co., Ltd. was jointly established by Changan and Weilai, and settled in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Its shareholding ratio is the same as that of GAC Weilai, and its chairman is Li Bin. Although it can be found from "Eye of the Sky" that it is still in a state of "survival", the latest news is also the news of 65438+February last year, which makes people wonder.

Like Weilai, Tucki has also conducted a joint venture model. 20/kloc-in may, 2007, Xpeng automobile and Zhaoqing municipal government of Guangdong jointly planned the first production base, located in Zhaoqing high-tech zone, with a total investment of 654.38+0.2 billion yuan and an annual production capacity of 250,000 vehicles. Since then, Xpeng Automobile and Haima Automobile jointly established a brand-new intelligent factory in Haima Tucki at the end of 20 18, covering an area of about 450,000 square meters, with a total investment of more than 2 billion yuan. After the completion of the first phase, the annual production capacity can reach150,000 vehicles.

In this joint venture, both car companies can give full play to their respective advantages, and the whole production process can be controlled, which can quickly adjust production according to market reaction, which is conducive to product quality and timely delivery. But the disadvantage is that it costs a lot of money to prepare in advance.

03

Acquisition or holding: obtaining qualification is the key.

Compared with the cost of joint venture, direct acquisition or holding is simply called "burning money"

After several years' brewing and reserve, the new car-making forces are also trying to open the "independent" mode, and begin to obtain production qualifications and workshops through wholly-owned acquisition or holding, and sublimate to the third stage, such as Ideal Intelligence acquiring Lifan and Weimar acquiring 50% shares of Huanghai Automobile, Zhongshun and Aichi Holdings Jiangling Holdings.

In the long run, no matter OEM or joint venture, it will be restricted to a certain extent, and it is difficult to go any further. This is the same as renting a house and buying a house. People who buy a house will always be impressed, whether they are sharing a house or renting a house by themselves.

As Shen Hui, CEO of Weimar Automobile, said: "Every link of the automobile supply chain has high requirements for related technology, cost, production rhythm and quality control, and the creation and manufacture of products must be in our own hands. Product creation is mainly design and development, and manufacturing mainly involves supply chain and factory management. The establishment of the entire manufacturing system is an insurmountable threshold. " It was only after seeing this clearly that Weimar Automobile took this step. As early as 20 18, Zhongshun Automobile 100% indirect holding was realized, and the production qualification was obtained.

Having your own factory and production qualification means "getting married" and it's time to "start a career", so take bold steps.

04

Self-built factory: have the confidence to fight against traditional car companies.

Weimar automobile has made remarkable progress in recent years. Recently, in the "TOP 100 of the 2020 China Unicorn List" released by Ai Media Consulting, Weimar Automobile ranked 17 in the overall list with a valuation strength of 4 10 billion yuan, ranking first in the automobile industry, and was also selected into the "20 19 Forbes China Most Innovative Enterprise List". At present, Weimar Automobile has built a Wenzhou factory with an annual production capacity of 654.38+10,000 vehicles, which is said to be "the first self-built factory built and put into operation among the new car-making forces", such as EX5, EX6 and EX6? Plus from this factory.

As we all know, the new car-making forces have strong internet thinking and attach great importance to scientific and technological elements, which has been fully reflected in this Wenzhou factory. If 100% automation is realized in the main line of the car body workshop to meet the demand of "C2M" customization mode, the digital investment accounts for more than 10% of the total investment (three times that of the traditional automobile factory), which is difficult for OEM or joint venture factory to achieve.

Of course, there are also some car owners who are not short of money or paranoid. When they make a move, they will not play cards according to common sense-they will build their own factories, such as Aichi Automobile.

Aichi Automobile defined the development keynote of its production base at the beginning of its establishment, and established a production base in Shangrao, Jiangxi on 20 17. The investment in the production base is 654.38+03.3 billion yuan. After the completion of the first phase, the annual production capacity will reach 6.5438+0.5 million, and after the completion of the second phase, the annual production capacity will be increased to 300,000, including pure electric cars, SUVs and MPVs. It is understood that the factory adopts * * * exclusive manufacturing mode and flexible production line.

In addition, Aichi also set up a technical center in Shanghai on 20 18, and its business includes modeling center, power system center and vehicle performance test. Moreover, Aichi has also developed the exclusive architecture platform of MAS pure electricity, not to mention the new forces of building cars. Even in traditional car companies, there are not many ways to do this.

In the face of joint ventures or foreign car companies, everyone regards new energy vehicles as? The golden opportunity of "overtaking in corners", including the new forces of building cars, also hopes to seize this once-in-a-century opportunity and win a sigh of relief for themselves and their own brands.

Written at the end: among many car companies, the new force of making cars is a force that cannot be ignored. Statistics show that there are more than 400 new car-making forces in China at the peak, while there are dozens of traditional car companies. This contrast is really great. But with so many new car companies, how many can really be remembered by everyone? There are few mass-produced products on the market. Basically, you can count them with one hand: Weimar, Weilai, Tucki, Ideality Zhizao, Aichi ... So, after all kinds of promotions, how much is left?

Pay attention to the car industry, talk about the car number, and have a chance to win beautiful small gifts through interaction!

This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.