Logistics warehousing problems?

1. The concept of logistics:

The term logistics (LOGISTICS) refers to the production, distribution, retail, supply, transportation, warehousing and other procedures of the circulation process. Its original meaning is "logistics", for the development of European and American countries for the effective use of military organizations in the transport of weapons, ammunition and food in order to achieve rapid support for the front line of combat used by a logistical support system, and later be used by commercial organizations, with the rapid development of the world's economy and trade, the structure of the logistics service, will soon be from the budding stage, the growth of the transportation industry as a most economical and reasonable service system. Along with today's increasingly sophisticated network information technology and the free flow of goods, logistics activities (transportation, warehousing, loading and unloading, packaging, distribution and processing) of the information management, will be the key factor in the ability of enterprises to have international competitiveness.

Logistics management plays an important role in the distribution of the important medium between producers and consumers, through the perfect logistics pipeline, not only can consumers enjoy fast and convenient services, producers can also quickly provide products, through the circulation process, through the management program to effectively combine the transportation, warehousing, loading and unloading, packaging, distribution and processing, information and other related logistics functional activities, in order to create value, meet the needs of customers and society. The customer and the society demand.

2. Functions of logistics:

The basic functions of logistics are transportation, warehousing, loading and unloading, packaging, information, and other five functions:

1. Transportation: the movement of space for the goods to create a link from the producer to the consumer, and therefore transportation is the core of logistics, and the early logistics management tends to deliver on behalf of the logistics as a whole.

Two, warehousing: a kind of goods circulation of custody, can be divided into long-term warehousing and relay warehousing. Warehousing is to overcome the time factor of the operation, a good storage environment can create the use of commodity time, and through the planning of warehousing and storage time, can effectively achieve the enhancement of profits.

Three, loading and unloading: between transportation and warehousing and storage of goods between the process, mainly items of loading and unloading work. Loading and unloading the proper application of machinery, automation and unmanned, is the main factor contributing to the reduction of loading and unloading costs.

Four, packaging: can be divided into commodity packaging and industrial packaging. Commodity packaging can make it easy for consumers to buy all kinds of goods, industrial packaging in order to facilitate delivery. The modernization of packaging can create added value to the product, and can use the classification of packaging methods to achieve the proper distribution of products.

Fifth, information: that is, computerized processing delivery, storage, loading and unloading, packaging and other functions, can make logistics more systematic and efficient. The concept of logistics system information due to the popularity of personal computers and the Internet, information can promote the effective management of the logistics industry production, delivery, storage, loading and unloading, packaging, shipping and other processes, to achieve labor-saving, efficiency goals.

3. Logistics management:

Generally speaking, logistics management content is divided into two categories:

A basic mechanism

1. distribution management: including distribution management and transportation management. The former includes distribution vehicle management, distribution personnel management, distribution of goods management, distribution safety management, distribution quality management, etc., is a regional truck management, favoring system operation. The latter content is also the same, but the province's large truck management, favoring vehicle scheduling.

2. Warehouse management: the content includes incoming goods acceptance management, storage management, circulation processing management, picking management, shipping management, return management, machinery and equipment management, safekeeping management.

3. form management: refers to the part of the logistics administrative operations, including order management, checklist management, batch price management, exception handling, service quality management.

II. Auxiliary Mechanisms

1. Business Management: Including source development, customer service, market analysis, customer safety.

2. Financial management: including accounting system, business analysis, investment and finance.

3. Information management: with information system establishment, maintenance, security, training.

4. Ideal warehousing considerations:

Warehouse management is defined as: "transported from the warehouse to the place of production or distribution, or from the place of production or distribution to the warehousing process of all the management activities related to the receipt, storage and transportation," now popular in the global industry, operations management system, that is, the integration of the goal of rapid return to the system, which must be a large number of warehouses to help Management system assistance, in order to enable system planners to clearly know the location and quantity of goods storage, and then take the appropriate inventory control and distribution, in order to maintain the correctness and rapidity of procurement, production and distribution planning, when the industry within or outside the customer once the need for warehousing the stored items, warehousing management personnel can quickly and correctly the goods off the shelves, packaging and distribution to the hands of those in need.

In recent years, the world's retail channel into a complex and diverse model, the point of sale has become dense and huge, the number of goods distribution and therefore frequent, these changes, creating an opportunity for the development of the logistics industry. For enterprises, the reduction of logistics costs is the last area for them to enhance their competitiveness. China has become a consumer market-oriented socio-economic model, the demand for logistics is increasing day by day, but the development of China's logistics industry has only been a few years, is still a growing industry, so there are still many developmental concerns worth noting. The greatest impact on the operation of the logistics industry, the first business strategy, followed by the government has not yet provided a suitable location for its development. In the development of business strategy, operators must assess the market demand and orientation, and their own resources and capabilities, different storage locations resulting in fixed and variable costs, etc., in order to develop a clear and flexible business strategy, especially inventory strategy is a matter of success or failure of the enterprise, must not be cautious. Therefore, the logistics industry should be faced with the environment and the conditions of the manufacturers themselves to explore the impact on the business strategy, in order to play the logistics function and enhance the efficiency of logistics operations, to meet the increasingly stringent needs of the industry and consumers on the quality of goods and transportation.

In order to cope with this environmental change, the traditional freight logistics industry has paid more and more attention to the installation of freight terminals. However, due to the continuous progress of the domestic society and economy, the price of land has also risen, coupled with the fact that the government does not have a clear decree or regulation for the freight logistics industry and other issues, it also makes the freight logistics industry in the re-planning and setting up of freight terminals at the same time, due to the increase in the cost of land and the lack of regulations based on the dual limitations, thus facing the operation of the freight logistics industry. The establishment of cargo transshipment centers has been made possible through the establishment of the Cargo Transshipment Center, which has been established by the government of the Republic of China. The establishment of cargo transshipment centers through the cooperation between the government and the private sector, in accordance with the laws and regulations issued by the government and the actual needs of the industry on the freight terminal and the design of freight terminal distribution centers, the industry in the center of the circulation of related matters to enhance the quality of transportation and customs clearance, and cargo transshipment centers division of labor functions to improve the overall performance of the freight logistics industry operations.

The ideal warehouse has six considerations:

(1) The appropriate number of warehousing centers.

(2) Warehouse center management and distribution.

(3) storage center services to customers.

(4) How to optimize transportation in the warehouse center.

(5) How to establish appropriate warehousing inventory to equalize delivery schedules, costs, and capacity requirements.

(6) The consideration of transportation cost and delivery time. Analyzing and thinking about the above six points will be a new direction for the industry to think about when facing the problem of warehouse management.

5. Warehousing functions and types:

One, in general, the type of items stored in the warehouse can be distinguished as industrial manufacturing, manufacturing processes and non-industrial manufacturing items. Industrial manufacturing items such as: procurement of parts, raw materials, processed products, finished products and dull waste, etc.; with the manufacturing process related items such as: spare parts and tools, etc.; as for non-industrial manufacturing items are mostly office supplies and so on. Generally speaking, in order to simplify the industrial distribution and make the supply operation smooth, when the industry chooses the establishment of the warehousing method at the same time decided the type of warehousing.

Two, warehousing functions can be summarized as follows:

1. Choose the appropriate storage location, consider the traffic network, transit facilities, parking lots, loading and unloading space, etc., can reduce the cost of industrial transportation, increase the flexibility and efficiency of delivery, if it can be aggregated into an economic scale, and can significantly reduce the cost of storage.

2. Store the products entrusted by the industry and deliver them to the customer's designated location in accordance with the customer's expectations at the right time, in the right quantity and at the right value.

3. Delayed assembly can be utilized to assist the industry in increasing flexibility, shortening lead times, and reducing overall inventory costs.

4. It can support industrial production, maintenance and after-sales service functions.

Three, the establishment of warehousing centers will cost high fixed costs: such as the cost of land use, warehousing system construction costs, and transportation costs and other considerations, the more intensive warehousing locations, can provide customers with a higher degree of selectivity, convenient distribution system and low-cost transportation costs, but set up too many warehousing areas, will also increase the fixed costs with a high level of cost, therefore, enterprises in the trade-offs between transportation costs and fixed costs. Therefore, the enterprise in the balance of transportation costs and fixed costs, how to achieve a balanced goal, is necessary to explore in-depth research. Warehouse centers should be based on the concept of "dynamic management" (such as quality, on schedule, zero inventory), to develop a demand for goods based on the intensity of storage management, and according to the intensity of demand for goods to the division of storage areas, as a model to build the reference basis. First of all, using the information process capture method, to establish the storage management scope of each storage area activities in the program model, as a system description of the initial information; secondly, using the information function model method, the various dispersed operational processes will be assembled, to become a logistics center as a whole point of view of the function of the integration of the model; finally, how to deal with the different intensity of demand for different goods, to build a modern logistics center storage Finally, how to adopt different handling methods for goods with different demand intensities, and build a storage management system for modern logistics centers to enhance the efficiency and output of logistics operations through appropriate storage planning. It can also be used to describe the structure of the storage management system of a general-purpose logistics center, so as to serve as a reference for the actual development of a specific logistics center storage management system in the future, as well as to shorten the time for data collection and system development. To summarize, the types of warehousing can be roughly divided into the following three types:

1. Private warehousing: refers to the industry's own establishment and implementation of management operations of the warehousing, with the following advantages:

(1) control: the industry has the right to autonomy of the storage management system can be integrated with other systems, in order to facilitate the industry's overall planning of resources.

(2) Better flexibility in warehousing arrangement: It is easy for the industry to develop a warehousing environment that meets the characteristics of the products.

(3) It can promote customer confidence in the industry.

2. Public warehousing: refers to many industries **** with rented warehouses, warehousing management companies are responsible for warehousing operations and management, many industrial warehousing management policy has been gradually adopted by the practice, with the following advantages:

(1) low variable cost: public warehousing than private warehousing has a lower variable cost, and the industry does not have to invest in the establishment of warehousing, which is conducive to the use of funds.

(2) good flexibility: public warehousing can easily change the location, size and number of equipment, and enable companies to quickly respond to suppliers, customers and seasonal demand.

(3) Economies of scale: Because public warehousing is a collection of many industries to **** the same storage items, in terms of quantity, can be shared together to share the fixed costs and effectively adjust the operating equipment.

3. Contract warehousing: refers to the industry and warehousing companies to sign a contract, in the storage of only the products of the industry, and warehousing operations and management. The advantage is that it can provide storage management expertise and reduce fixed costs of investment.

6. Material Management:

Material management is mainly in the scope of material procurement, material control, material acceptance and warehousing and overall logistical support for business projects, the effective use of computer information systems to establish early warning mechanisms for material control, from raw materials, materials, packaging materials, semi-finished products to finished products and other manufacturing processes, all need to have a proper classification of the management measures (including supplier control, in and out of storage control, safety inventory, safety and security measures). All manufacturing processes, from raw materials to packaging materials, semi-finished products to finished products, require proper classification and management measures (including supplier control, inbound and outbound control, safety stock control, storage environment, packaging and labeling control, etc.), and the assignment of specialized management personnel to ensure strict compliance, so as to avoid any confusion. Generally speaking, the larger industrial companies can be related to the operation of raw materials management, labeling control, packaging and warehousing management, finished goods out of the four major processes to implement strict control of the correlation between the processes, the following briefly:

A. Raw materials management

Warehouse personnel in accordance with the GMP manual strictly abide by the provisions of supplier control and incoming control, and only receive the evaluation by the quality assurance department of the manufacturer's raw materials, raw materials received by the qualified manufacturers, raw materials and raw materials, raw materials and raw materials, raw materials and raw materials. Qualified manufacturers of raw materials, raw materials received after the storage and other materials (including containers, packaging materials, etc.) need to be separated and labeled (labeling needs to be obvious and easy to identify), and separate storage, warehouse personnel in the materials on the shelves before the storage should be determined again that the material has been completed testing and qualified before the material can be stored on the shelves in accordance with the attributes of materials stored in the area also needs to be clearly marked to prevent future occurrence of the wrong material or confusion. The storage area should also be clearly labeled to prevent the possibility of receiving wrong materials or confusion in the future. The handling of special materials should be refrigerated or stored in isolation in accordance with the relevant regulations on hazardous materials and poisons, in order to maintain their quality and protect the safety of related workers. Materials that have been inspected or not inspected should be clearly divided, and materials that have been inspected and failed by the quality control personnel should be stored in a clearly labeled place, and should be handled appropriately or recycled to the original manufacturer as soon as possible to prevent the related workers from misuse. Warehouse personnel should be familiar with the relevant operating regulations (including the unit's standard operating manual, material storage management regulations, material in and out of the warehouse regulations, the unit's safety stock of various materials regulations, etc.), and really carry out the implementation of the phenomenon can not be allowed to have a hasty or omit the steps and so on (because this will likely affect the quality of materials), warehouse personnel on weekdays to the entry and exit of the material and storage conditions need to be documented in detail and a regular inventory of the materials (inventory results need to be immediate). (The results of the inventory should be submitted for verification immediately, so that the upper management can know the latest storage capacity of each material.) Warehouse management personnel should really complete the above mentioned items, so that the manufacturing and production departments can carry out the related work smoothly.

Two, labeling material control

The control of labeling materials should be assigned to a special labeling personnel responsible for the implementation of control operations in accordance with the standard operating regulations, all types of finished product types of labeling materials should be divided into different categories of control, once the labeling materials are handed over to the packaging department for use, the packaging department should be the number of used, the number of remaining and the number of destroyed in the process of the detailed return to the control personnel in order to facilitate the achievement of the labeling materials control. The control of materials can be achieved without any leakage of water. Generally speaking, labeling and packaging to achieve the following five purposes:

1. Ensure that the labeling is correct.

2. Prevent labeling confusion.

3. To prevent damage to products during shipment and transportation.

4. Sold in the market later if found problems, can be easily traced and easily reach the quantity control.

5. Convenient for consumers to use and recognize the authenticity.

Three, packaging and warehouse management

Packaging and warehouse management operations include receiving and warehousing, picking, packaging and transportation operations, of which picking operations for the most important part. Research shows that in the warehouse management activities, picking operations are most likely to cause errors due to human negligence or inattention, so the cost and time spent in the process of operation is the most important, so the importance of picking management should not be ignored. Picking operation includes picking data collection, picking data distribution, walking, searching, taking out goods and calculating the quantity, etc., in which walking takes up the most time. Experience shows that in order to reduce the time needed for picking operation, we can develop and summarize the effective methods to shorten the time of picking operation in this unit from the cooperation of customers, the action of picking personnel, the construction of warehouse environment and picking policy.

Four, finished goods out of storage

Warehouse management personnel need to fill out a record sheet, which should contain the batch number of storage, storage year, month and day, the name of the product, specifications, suitable for the storage place (including temperature), finished goods out of storage to the place (such as business warehouses, hypermarkets, department stores, regional supply centers or general dealers, etc.), the supervisor's seal, and then handed over to the transport personnel to the designated location.

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7. Conclusion:

One, logistics and warehousing management expectations and goals

Materials warehousing management is the main purpose of the systematic planning of storage space is hoped that the efficiency of the management of storage space to really control the source of the material, the direction and flow to achieve the goal of the "dynamic management", and on a larger scale of the industry and even achieve the goal of supporting logistics centers to achieve industrial re-engineering. Therefore, in a series of production supply chain in the warehouse management can not be ignored, now the global industry popular modern logistics centers, is through the integration of "logistics, business flow, gold flow, information flow" in a multi-functional organization, logistics centers is also the future of the global circulation industry development of the mainstream trend, and the idealization of the planning of warehousing management of the multi-functional organization of this an important factor for consideration. With the growth of the global economy, the industry towards internationalization has been the key to survival, and "customer satisfaction first, customer service first" has been the global industry *** with the business philosophy, in order to stand out among the many competitors in the world, the effective mastery of the supply chain will be the key to victory. The ability to provide customers with the services and products they want in the shortest possible time, while minimizing transportation costs, is the primary focus and goal of material storage management. Industry wants to establish the ability to quickly respond to customer demand for integrated management system, the material warehousing management operations can not be ignored, because it plays a role in this system of storage, classification and distribution is unique, if the material warehousing management operations in the industry to establish a perfect warehouse managers want to know clearly in the shortest possible time the location of the goods (materials, semi-finished products or finished products) storage, storage date and storage of relevant information such as quantities will be easy. It will be easy to know the location, storage date and storage quantity of the goods and other related information, and it will be no longer difficult for the upper decision makers and management planners to make decisions and plan for the industry.

Two, warehousing and operations management combined

The 21st century global industrial competition can be seen from the computer industry, in order to enable the industry to continue to survive, the main parts of the computer every once in a while will need to be with the consumer market demand and competition in the industry and the large-scale price reduction action, the price reduction action is the fact that every consumer dreams of the fact that the industry manufacturing is the most brutal and the However, it is the most cruel but unavoidable challenge and fact for the industry manufacturing, the industry must walk on thin ice to cope with the parts inventory and distribution and other related issues, and even more need to fearfully set the procurement and manufacturing quantity and other related strategies, every industry is afraid that the slightest failure will trigger a series of losses of the chain effect, and the loss will be incalculable. Taiwan is an island country, each industry requires a large amount of land and human resources, if the warehouse management system can be properly established and pushed to automation and internationalization, the relevant problems will be solved, on the other hand, in the global operations management system is becoming increasingly important, the function of transportation management operations also appears to be very important. Industry in the consideration of the overall transport management planning, in addition to the need to do a good job of the most basic material warehousing management operations, but also need to think about how to minimize the cost of transportation under the premise of planning the most appropriate transportation schedule, routes and means of transport, or else simply do a good job of the first half of the material warehousing management operations, but due to the second half of the transport management operations are not good and affect the delivery schedule, so that the goods can not be sent to the customer's designated location, then it will be a loss of good results. If not, the first half of the material storage management operation, but due to the second half of the transportation management operation is poor and affect the delivery schedule, so that the goods can not be delivered on time to the customer's designated location, then it will be a lost cause, not to mention the globalization of the industry is eager to achieve the "customer satisfaction first, customer service first" goal.