Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional culture - What sect is Shinnyoji?

What sect is Shinnyoji?

Buddhism in Shanghai has a long history, which can be traced back to the Wu Chiwu period of the Three Kingdoms (238-251). According to legend, Longhua Temple and Jing 'an Temple were founded during this period. With the economic development and population increase in Shanghai, as well as the support of the rulers of past dynasties to Buddhism, Buddhism in Shanghai has been developing continuously. In the modern history of China, Shanghai Buddhism, known as Shanghai Buddhism, has a prominent position. Up to now, more than 12 Buddhist temples have been opened in Shanghai, and it is difficult for believers to accurately count them. Let's take a look at the eight most popular temples in Magic Capital Shanghai.

1. Jing' an Temple

Originally named Hudu Chongxuan Temple, Jing' an Temple is located in Nanjing West Road, Jing' an District, Shanghai, in the bustling Jing' an business district in the center of Shanghai. It was built in the tenth year of Sun Wu Chiwu in the Three Kingdoms (247) and is the oldest temple in Shanghai. The architectural style of the temple is integrated with Tibetan temples. The silver Buddha enshrined in Daxiong Hall weighs 15 tons, and the jade Buddha in Muny Hall is much larger than that in Shanghai Jade Buddha Temple. The main buildings of the temple are the mountain gate, the Heavenly King Hall, the Ursa Major Hall, etc. From a distance, the whole temple has a golden roof, which is particularly conspicuous. There are many high-rise buildings around, which is in sharp contrast with the temples in Qing Dynasty. Jing 'an Temple is full of incense. Every birthday and anniversary of the Bodhisattva, the temple will hold a Buddhist ceremony, and every year on the eighth day of April in the lunar calendar, there will be a three-day temple fair.

? The whole temple of Jing 'an Temple is in the form of a front temple and a rear tower, which consists of three main buildings: the Ursa Major Hall, the Heavenly King Hall and the Three Temples. The architectural style of Jing 'an Temple is similar to that before the Ming Dynasty, and the typical representative is the shape of the bucket arch. The architectural style of Jing 'an Temple is similar to that before the Ming Dynasty, and the typical representative is the shape of the bucket arch. The northwest corner of the first floor is Jing 'an Buddha Pagoda. The top of the pagoda is decorated with five Tibetan four-sided pagodas, with 868 Buddha statues and many tantric treasures. However, tourists are generally not allowed to enter this pagoda. There is a square square in the temple. In the center of the square, there is a big incense burner made of 15 tons of white copper. Every day, pilgrims come to offer incense in an endless stream.

second, Torinji

? Torinji, formerly known as guanyin temple, is located in Donglin Street, Zhujing Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai. It was built from the Yuan Dynasty to the first year of Dayuan (AD 138), dedicated to Guanyin Bodhisattva, and was renamed Donglin Temple four years later (AD 1317). It is one of the most historical and cultural temples in Shanghai. Torinji has enjoyed a long history of incense for 7 years, but it has been repeatedly abandoned and built due to wars and fires. Different from those simple temples, the buildings here are very magnificent. Here, you can see the Thousand Buddhists, the highest indoor Avalokitesvara icon, and the unique outdoor 5 Luohan Mountain in China, which are listed as the "highest bronze gate" in kiness, and you can feel a different Buddhist atmosphere.

? Torinji has a unique architectural style, and the main building of the temple is built according to a tall rockery building, forming the integration of mountain and temple. The whole temple is divided into Yuantong Hall, Daxiong Hall, Guanyin Pavilion, Shancai Pavilion, Buddha's head, Thousand Buddhists Gate, Bell Tower, Drum Tower, Jinyuan Bridge, Five Buddhas Crown, Jinlianchi and other scenic spots. To enter Torinji, you need to go through three gates first, and then you can see Jinlian Pool. In the middle of the pool is the cloisonne Buddha statue, which is the first in China to respect the "boy who is good at money", which can be called "a unique skill in Donglin". The Five Buddha's Crown is the most distinctive building in the whole temple. The Buddha's head is 22 meters high, the nose is Guanyin, the nostrils are two faucets, the mouth is a lotus seat, the eyes are flying, and the ears are the protector, which is beyond words.

3. Longhua Temple

? Longhua Temple is located in Longhua Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai. It was built in the fifth year of Sun Wu Chiwu in the Three Kingdoms (242 years) and is one of the oldest and largest ancient temples in Shanghai. During the Three Kingdoms period, it was the territory of Soochow. It is said that Longhua Temple was an ancient temple built by Sun Quan, the king of Soochow, to honor his mother. It was named after the story of Maitreya becoming immortal under Longhua tree in Buddhist scriptures. Longhua Temple has been flourishing for thousands of years, during which it was destroyed and rebuilt many times. The first thing I saw when I entered Longhua Temple was Longhua Pagoda, which was built in the second year of Xingguo, Song Taiping (977). It was a seven-story octagonal wooden pagoda. The original pagoda was destroyed, and now it was restored according to the specifications of the Song Dynasty in 1954. For the sake of protection, visitors can only visit outside the tower.

? Longhua Temple is a seven-hall system in Galand in the Song Dynasty, in which the axis from south to north is Maitreya Hall, Tianwang Hall, Daxiong Hall, Three Temples, the abbot's room in a closed courtyard, the Tibetan Scripture Building, and the Six Entering Temples. What is more special is that the first hall of other temples is generally the Heavenly King Hall, but the first hall of Longhua Temple is the Maitreya Hall, which highlights the characteristics of worshipping Maitreya in temples. The Ursa Major Hall is solemn, with three golden statues of Tathagata, Manjusri and Pu Xian on the front, and a beautiful Guanyin statue of the island on the back. The walls on both sides of the hall are engraved with the twenty heavens and sixteen arhats. There are bell and drum towers on both sides of the temple, Guanyin Hall on the east and west, and Luohan Hall. In the east of the Three Temples, there are Dyed Fragrant House and Peony Garden.

4. Jade Buddha Temple

? Jade Buddha Temple, also known as Jade Buddha Temple, is located in Anyuan Road, Putuo District, Shanghai. It was founded in the eighth year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1882), and was named after the worship of jade Buddha. Because it belongs to the Zen law system and practices Zen, it is also known as Jade Buddha Temple. It is also a famous temple in Shanghai with Longhua Temple and Jing 'an Temple. Jade Buddha Temple is a temple building imitating the Song Dynasty, with strict layout, harmonious structure and magnificent momentum. On the central axis of the temple, there are the Heavenly King Hall, the Ursa Hall and the Jade Buddha Building in turn, and there are the reclining Buddha Hall, the Guanyin Hall, the bronze Buddha Hall and the Zhaitang on the left and right sides. On the first day, the fifteenth day, or traditional Buddhist festivals, good men believe in women, and three converts to lay people come one after another. Cigarettes are wrapped around the courtyard, candles are shining brightly, and the famous jungle brake in the urban scenery is extraordinary and unique.

? The most famous Jade Buddha Temple is two jade buddhas invited back from Myanmar by Master Huigen of Putuo Mountain in the late Qing Dynasty. One is a sitting Buddha statue of Sakyamuni with a height of 1.92 meters. The gold foil and inlaid gems on the Buddha's body are dazzling, which is the "treasure of the town temple". At the top of the ceiling of the Jade Buddha Building, there are also 5 gold-plated Buddha statues. The other statue in the reclining Buddha Hall on the west side of the temple is a 96-cm-long reclining Buddha statue of Sakyamuni, which was made according to the image of Sakyamuni when he died at the age of 8, lying on his side, with his head supported by his right hand, and with a serene look. Opposite the reclining Buddha, a jade reclining Buddha with a length of about 4 meters was recently donated by Singaporean believers. There is also a cultural relics room in the temple, which contains precious cultural relics of the Northern Wei, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

v. Shinnyoji

? Shinnyoji, formerly known as manjuji, commonly known as the Great Temple, is located in Lanxi Road, Zhenru Town, Putuo District, Shanghai. It was founded in Jiading period of the Southern Song Dynasty (128-1224) and in the seventh year of Yuanyanyou (132), and was moved to this place by Miaoxin monk, renamed it Shinnyoji, which is a famous Buddhist temple in Shanghai. There used to be many temples in Putuo District, but most of them have been destroyed. Among the remaining temples, Shinnyoji was the earliest and most influential. The temples with white walls and black tiles are full of ancient styles, and incense has been flourishing here for hundreds of years. Compared with other famous temples in Shanghai, Shinnyoji is more peaceful, and the sense of solemnity of Buddhism is even better. For pilgrims who like to be clean, it is definitely a blessing resort that is quiet in the middle of the noise and still has an ancient style.

? The layout of the whole temple in Shinnyoji is well-organized, and the most conspicuous building is a nine-level square tower that is more than 5 meters high and imitates the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The main buildings in the temple include the mountain gate, the Heavenly King Hall, the Ursa Major Hall and the Guanyin Hall. Daxiong Hall was built in the seventh year of Yuan Yanyou. After more than 6 years of vicissitudes, it still maintains the architectural style of temples in the Yuan Dynasty, which is of great historical value and is listed as a national cultural relic. Guanyin statues and reliefs in Guanyin Hall are exquisitely carved and dignified. There are four versions of the Tripitaka and other Buddhist classics in the temple. In addition, there is an ancient ginkgo tree with a tree age of about 7 years in the temple, which is old and swaying, and is hidden among the Brahms, which is a beautiful scene.

VI. Baohua Temple

? Baohua Temple, also known as Huiji Baohua Temple, is located in Gaoping Road, Jing 'an District, Shanghai. It was built during the reign of Xianchun in the Southern Song Dynasty (1265-1274). It is a temple with the architectural style of Jiangnan in the Song Dynasty, an important place for the majority of Buddhist believers in Zhabei to worship incense and worship Buddha, and also a mysterious and solemn landscape in Zhabei. Both the architectural details of the temple and the sculpture of the Buddha statue are exquisite, and even the stone fences and slabs around the building are beautifully carved. Baohua Temple was rebuilt twice in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and was later funded by Huisheng Charity Society, adding facilities such as hospitals, school buildings, disabled homes and release ponds. In 1937, Baohua Temple was destroyed by the war of Japanese militarism, leaving only the main hall. The current temple was rebuilt in 21-26.

? Baohua Temple buildings are distributed in a square of more than 4, square meters, mainly including the gate archway, the Heavenly King Hall, the Ursa Major Hall, the Bell Tower, the Drum Tower and the Guanyin Hall, all of which are resplendent and magnificent. Due to the adoption of reinforced concrete structure and the adoption of ancient and modern architectural concepts, the new temple is made tall, spacious and magnificent. In particular, the bell tower and drum tower on the left and right sides, modeled after the roof of the Yonghe Palace in Beijing, are very different from other temples. In front of the Tianwang Temple in Baohua Temple, there is also a golden bodhi tree, which is also an important symbol of Baohua Temple. There is no place for incense in Baohua Temple, and several big incense burners in Baohua Temple are located in the southeast corner of the square, so pilgrims will not feel crowded when burning incense here.

VII. Yun Xiang Temple

? Yun Xiang Temple is located in Jiefang Street, nanxiang town, Jiading District, Shanghai. It was built in the Southern and Northern Dynasties (about 55 AD) and was originally named "Baihe Nanxiang Temple", from which the town name of Nanxiang Ancient Town was derived. When you come to Yun Xiang Temple, careful visitors will find that the plaque is engraved with Liuyun Temple instead of Yun Xiang Temple. This is because there was a famous temple named Liuyun Temple (founded in 1876) in the former downtown area of Shanghai, which was destroyed by the war during the Anti-Japanese War. After the efforts of the Buddhist community, the temple was moved to the present site of Yun Xiang Temple, which made the two temples merge into one and continue to receive incense. Yun Xiang Temple, located at the end of Nanxiang Old Street, is grand and relatively clean, where you can worship Buddha and visit, and the solemn atmosphere and quiet environment can purify your mind.

? In ancient times, Yun Xiang Temple was famous in the south of the Yangtze River, and its incense was quite strong. However, due to the destruction of various natural and man-made disasters, only a pair of twin towers, as well as the Tang Shi Jing Building and the Song Pu Tower scattered in the ancient garden, can witness the history of building the temple now. Today's Yun Xiang Temple was rebuilt on the old site, which is a complete imitation of the Tang Dynasty. The whole temple is made of reinforced concrete and imitation wood, and the hall is magnificent, simple and natural. The main halls are arranged on the central axis of the temple: the mountain gate, the Guanyin Hall, the Ursa Major Hall and the Tibetan Scripture Building, and the Galá n Hall, the Majestic Hall, the Bell Tower, the Drum Tower, the Manjusri Hall, the Pu Xian Hall, the Shangke Hall, the Sengliao Hall, etc. are symmetrically arranged left and right, and surrounded by a long corridor. In addition, there are merit halls and Wanfo Hall underground.

8. Baoshan Temple

? Baoshan Temple, once known as Vatican Palace, Jade Palace and Baoshan Jing Temple, is located in Luoxi Road, Luodian Town, Baoshan District, Shanghai. It was founded in Zhengde six years of Ming Dynasty (AD 1511) and has a history of 5 years. Qing Qianlong was rebuilt in the twenty-seventh year. Since then, the years have changed and the temples have been abolished. In 1988, the Dojo was resumed. Unfortunately, at that time, due to insufficient conditions, the overall planning was not easy, and there were many shortcomings. Baoshan Temple has been relocated and rebuilt since 22. It was relocated and rebuilt in 211 on the occasion of the 5th anniversary of its founding, and won the Luban Award, the highest honor award of national architecture. Today's Baoshan Jing Temple is a newly built temple in strict accordance with the style and construction method of the late Tang Dynasty, using imported rosewood from Africa without tenon and mortise technology of a nail.

? Baoshan Temple has a total construction area of about 12, square meters, ranking first among Buddhist temples in Shanghai. Among them, the religious core area covers an area of 2 mu, and the buildings include the Heavenly King Hall, Bell Tower, Drum Tower, Ursa Major Hall, Guanyin Hall, Pharmacist Hall, Jialan Hall, Ancestral Hall, Buddhist Hall, Tibetan Scripture Building, Dharma Hall, abbot's room, Zhaitang, and Sengliao. The mountain gate and the square cover an area of 16 mu, and there are mountain gates, east and west side doors, corridors and so on. In addition, the second phase of Baoshan Temple, including a seven-story pagoda, courtyard, pavilions, buildings, terraces, waterside pavilions, pools, archways, covered bridges and other gardens, was also completed at the end of 217, and the building is also made of pure wood structure in safflower pear, Africa, which is full of rich ancient customs. Baoshan Temple has a rich Buddhist atmosphere, and the sound of copper bells on the eaves makes people linger.