Counting 66 kinds of bows and arrows in five categories in Qing Dynasty

Counting 66 kinds of bows and arrows in five categories in Qing Dynasty

There are 70 different styles of arrows recorded in The Book of Rites of the Emperor, including 4 crossbows and 66 bows and arrows. Of the 66 kinds of bows and arrows, 20 are dedicated to emperors, 1 for imperial clan, 1 for officers and soldiers, and 44 have no regular users.

These arrows can be divided into ritual arrows, military arrows, hunting arrows, military and hunting arrows and archery according to their uses. Different arrows have different shapes, among which the most common ones are Tai Arrow, Plum Blossom Needle Arrow, Jaw Arrow, Whistle Arrow and Rabbit Fork Arrow.

"Tai" is a plow. Literally, Tai Arrow is an arrow shaped like a plow. The arrows of Thai arrows are mostly wide quadrangles or pentagons, which are characterized by being large, thin and sharp. This shape is not conducive to armor-piercing, but it can cause great trauma to the target, and its lethality is considerable when targeting armor-free targets.

There are 20 kinds of arrows, 7 of which are dedicated to the emperor: the emperor reads arrows, the emperor gives arrows, the emperor gives arrows, the emperor's followers use arrows, the emperor walks with arrows, the emperor uses arrows, and the emperor uses arrows. Among these arrows, the hovering arrow is for hunting, two are for daily shooting, and the other four are gifts.

Among the remaining 13 kinds of arrows, there are sauron's long arrow specially used for military purposes, including sauron's arrow, big arrow, small arrow, rusty iron arrow, tiger arrow and qi arrow, which can be used for hunting.

Plum blossom needle arrow is characterized by long and narrow arrow and strong armor-piercing ability. There are five kinds of plum-needle arrows, namely, the emperor reading plum-needle arrows, the emperor's squire plum-needle arrows, plum-needle arrows, seven plum-needle arrows and Erute plum-needle arrows.

The plum-blossom needle arrow read by the emperor and the plum-blossom needle arrow accompanied by the emperor are both special ritual vessels for the emperor. The plum-blossom needle arrow is an ordinary military arrow and can be considered as the basic model of this kind. Eruteme's arrow shape originated in the Western Regions. After Emperor Qianlong pacified Zhungeer (Erutemei Mongolia), he seized a lot of their military equipment and compiled it into the book Schema. The arrow of Qi Mei needle arrow is similar to that of common plum blossom needle arrow, but the arrow is flat. According to the book, this kind of arrow can easily penetrate chain mail.

Arrows, that is, arrows, are not equipped with hammers, only arrows (whistles). When it is ejected, it will make a noise when it is impacted by airflow. The materials of the lower jaw are horn, bone and wood.

There are 3 kinds of parallel arrows1* *13, of which 8 kinds are exclusively for emperors. Four of these eight kinds are used for archery, namely, emperor archery, emperor horse archery, emperor horse archery and emperor horse archery. The rest are ritual vessels, that is, the emperor reads arrows, the emperor gives squire arrows, the emperor gives squire arrows and the emperor gives squire arrows. There are five kinds used for hunting, such as shooting tiger arrow, pointed arrow, square arrow, neat arrow and real arrow, which are not limited to users. Arrows are made of nonmetal, and most of them have no sharp corners, so they are less lethal. It is mainly used to kill small animals and drive away wild animals when shooting.

A whistle arrow is an arrow attached to the back of an iron arrow. Most of its arrows are in a reduced arrow style. Whistle arrow is a combination of arrow and arrow, which is not only lethal, but also can make sound in the air.

There are three kinds of whistle arrows:1* *13, among which three kinds are dedicated to the emperor, namely, the emperor's whistle arrow, the emperor's squire's whistle arrow and the emperor's squire's whistle arrow, all of which are ritual vessels; There are 10 species used for hunting, namely Soren whistle arrow, ox horn whistle arrow, square whistle arrow, duckbill whistle arrow, jumping whistle arrow, neat whistle arrow, round whistle arrow, long whistle arrow, hazelnut whistle arrow.

Rabbit fork arrow was originally used to shoot rabbits. Because the rabbit is relatively small, there are teeth under the arrow of the rabbit fork arrow, which can prevent the arrow from penetrating the rabbit and reduce the damage to the rabbit skin.

There are ***3 kinds of rabbit fork arrows, of which 1 kind is special for the emperor, that is, the rabbit fork arrow attached to the emperor is a ritual vessel; There are two kinds of hunting, iron rabbit fork arrow and wooden rabbit fork arrow.

Arrows specially used by imperial clan and officers and soldiers have no fixed arrows, and Taihe plum needle can be used as arrows. In addition, the pattern also records that some arrow shapes do not belong to these five categories. There are 10 kinds of arrows, such as spearhead arrow, horn arrow and flaming arrow used in military affairs. Fast arrow, pier arrow, duckbill arrow, water arrow and harpoon arrow for hunting; A pointed arrow with unknown purpose; The twisted arrow is used as the spare axis of the arrow.