Mongolian? What are the customs of the people?

Mongolian customs and habits are formed under certain natural, geographical, economic and social conditions. Mongolian is a legendary nation with a long history. For thousands of years, Mongolians have lived a nomadic life of "migrating by water plants". Most grasslands in the world have left the footprints of Mongolian herders, so they are also called "the pride of grasslands".

Fresh air, bright sunshine and crystal dew give them pure hearts; Endless Yuan Ye, violent snow and bad weather endow them with rough and tough characters. In the land where the Mongolians have lived for generations, ABBA's sweat and grandma's milk are permeated, which cherish the hardworking and simple soul of the Mongolians and depict the simple life of a nation on horseback.

From the13rd century, Mongolians began to create Mongolian characters on the basis of Uighur, Tubo and other national characters. Since then, various forms of historical and literary works have come out one after another, some of which have been passed down to this day. Among them, the most famous historical works are Secret History of Mongolia, Golden History of Mongolia and Origin of Mongolia, which are called the three major historical works of Mongolia. Ma Touqin is the most distinctive traditional musical instrument of Mongolians, and the traditional folk dances include Diane Dance, Cup Dance and Chopsticks Dance.

Mongolian yurts are traditional houses of Mongolians. The traditional means of transportation of Mongolians are mainly farm animals and vehicles. The draft animals are mainly horses and camels, and the means of transportation is Che Le. The Mongolian diet includes grain, milk and meat.

The largest traditional festival mass gathering of Mongolians is Nadam Congress. In August, the grassland is cool in autumn and the cattle and sheep are fat, which is the time for herders to celebrate the harvest. At this time, they began to brew koumiss, slaughter cattle and sheep, sew new clothes, prepare all kinds of delicious food, and hold "Nadam" of different scales. "Nadam" means entertainment and amusement in Mongolian, which originated in 13 century. Mongolian traditional festivals include Horse Milk Festival and White Festival (also known as Bai Yue).

In terms of Mongolian traditional costumes, some Mongolians in China still retain the characteristics of traditional culture. In traditional festivals, Mongolians also like to wear national costumes, participate in sports competitions such as horse riding, archery and wrestling, play Mongolian chess, play Ma Touqin, dance traditional folk dances, and entertain guests with milk tea, milk residue, fried rice and mutton. Even in modern city life, Mongolians attach great importance to the integration of modernization and national characteristics. For example, the new Mongolian robe popular with girls in northern cities not only retains the quaint characteristics of traditional Mongolian robes, but also is permeated with modern gorgeous atmosphere. Mongolian yurts, large-scale painted galloping horses and galloping horse sculptures on public buildings in northern Xinjiang clearly show the features of grassland culture.

In the eyes of ordinary people, Mongolian costumes seem very simple, nothing more than a robe and a pair of boots. In fact, Mongolian costumes are very complex and colorful. Not only are there differences in appearance, but also in age, marital status and dress uniform.

Although the Mongolian population in China is distributed all over the country, most of them have lived in the northern part of China since ancient times. Yinshan Mountain and Xing 'an Mountains run through the east and west, and the terrain is connected with the Asian continent. The climate is often dominated by the mainland, with windy, cold and warm weather. The cold season is long, the warm season is short, and there is little precipitation. The rainfall is mostly concentrated in July, August and September. Snowfall lasts for a long time. From the middle of 10 to May of the following year, snow can still be seen. Once or twice a year, there is heavy snow with a depth of more than one foot. Mongolians are mainly engaged in animal husbandry production or animal husbandry, and also engaged in planting. Most Mongolians in scattered areas are mainly engaged in planting, and some are engaged in animal husbandry. Since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), especially since the reform and opening-up, more and more people have been engaged in industrial production and other economic activities, and have developed from simple animal husbandry and planting economy to industry and commerce and modern animal husbandry and planting industry in an all-round way.

Because Mongolians live in different areas, their historical development and economic life are different, and the customs and habits of Mongolians in different places in different historical periods are not exactly the same. Such as Rolka Mongolia, Wuliangha Mongolia, Elut Mongolia, Buryatia Mongolia, etc. Their manners and customs are not exactly the same. For example, the Mongolian people engaged in animal husbandry production have different customs and habits from other production. That is, the custom of Mongolians engaged in a production activity, which is passed down from history and varies from region to region. As the saying goes, "different winds separate mountains" and "different customs separate water", so when we enter the countryside, we should ask about customs, that is, we should respect local customs.

Now the Mongolian customs are formed under the above article, passed down through words and actions, but at the same time, they also absorbed the customs of other nationalities and then became the customs of their own nation, which is a good thing! Because the cultural migration, development and inheritance of all ethnic groups is a common phenomenon, and Mongolia is a promising nation that is good at absorbing and digesting foreign cultures.

Religious belief: generally believe in Shamanism. After the Yuan Dynasty, the Mongolian ruling class began to believe in Lamaism (mainly Ma Ning, or Yellow Sect).

Dietary characteristics: I like to drink milk tea brewed with brick tea. I also like to drink koumiss. Pastoral areas are mainly cattle, sheep and milk, while agricultural areas are mainly grain, supplemented by vegetables and dairy products. In terms of tea service, when a guest visits a herdsman's home or a tourist attraction, the host or waitress will first provide the guest with a bowl of milk tea. Guests should get up slightly and pick it up with their hands or right hands. Never pick it up with your left hand, or it will be considered impolite. When the host or waiter pours tea, if the guest doesn't want to drink tea, please gently touch the spoon or spout with the edge of the bowl, and the host will immediately understand the guest's intention. Offering tea to guests is a noble traditional Mongolian etiquette. In the history of Mongolia, whether it is a rich family or a poor family, whether it is an upper class or a common people, whether it is in communication or at home, on the road, or on all other occasions, tea is an entertainment. Tea is an indispensable treat when guests come home. Therefore, herders entertain guests with a bowl of milk tea as usual, and then the host brings fried rice and a bowl of cream (called Jiaohe in Mongolian), milk tofu and milk skin and other dairy products; When toasting, pouring wine is a traditional way for Mongolian people to treat guests. They believe that wine is the essence of food and the crystallization of grain, and offering the most precious food is to express the respect and love of grassland herders for their guests. Usually, the host pours wine into a silver bowl, a gold cup or a horn cup, puts it on a long Hada and sings a touching Mongolian traditional toast song. If the guest refuses to drink, it will be regarded as contempt for the host and unwilling to treat the host sincerely. Guests should immediately catch the wine, dip their ring fingers in the wine and point to the direction of heaven, earth and stove to show their respect for heaven, earth and Vulcan. Don't be reluctant to drink, but touch your lips to show that you have accepted the pure friendship of your master. Then housewives dressed in national costumes bring fragrant milk wine to entertain guests, which is also the traditional etiquette of Mongolian people. The host will persuade the wine in poetic language: "The distant guests invite you to drink a cup of grassland wine, which is the essence of our national traditional food and the kindness and affection of our grassland people."

Music and Dance: Mongolians have always been famous for their ability to sing and dance. Whenever banquets and festivals are held, songs are often sung one after another. Singing ancient folk songs, stories of folklore, rich and beautiful grasslands and yearning for a better life in the future. Mongolian songs have long and high-pitched endings, and their tones are more exciting. The rhyme of this song is at the beginning of the sentence, not at the end. Generally speaking, two, four and Xiao are used for banquets, festivals and weddings.

Marriage custom: monogamous family, the same surname does not get married. When getting married, the man must pay a generous bride price. There is a custom of transferring houses. The property was inherited by the youngest son.

Funeral customs: there are three burial methods: burial, cremation, wild burial and burial. Ordinary people are buried underground, monks are cremated, and residents in pastoral areas are buried in the wild.

Etiquette taboo: Mongolians, whether acquaintances or strangers, always greet each other warmly: "He deserves praise." (Well), then the host put his right hand on his chest, bowed slightly, invited the guests into the yurt, and the whole family, old and young, sat down around the guests and talked enthusiastically, just like at home. Mongolian people have the custom of offering Hada as a token of respect. Ride slowly when you pass the yurt, and put the whip outside the door before you go in. Enter the yurt from the left side of the door and sit down on the right side after entering the yurt. When you leave, you can't get on the horse until the owner returns to the yurt. When the host holds out milk tea and food, he should pick it up with both hands. If someone in the family is sick, the host will tie a rope on the left side of the yurt and refuse visitors.