What are the single chemotherapy drugs for breast cancer?

The single effective chemotherapy drugs for breast cancer commonly used in clinic are as follows.

(1) cyclophosphamide (CTX). CTX is the most widely studied and used drug in breast cancer chemotherapy, with a total effective rate of 35% (10% ~ 62%). In the treatment of breast cancer, CTX has various treatment schemes. Some authors believe that the effective rate of CTX for premenopausal or postmenopausal patients 1 year-old is 38%, and the effective rate for postmenopausal patients >: 5 ~1year-old is about 18%, so it is considered that the curative effect of CTX on breast cancer is related to ovarian function. In addition, the effective rate of CTX can reach 43% for soft tissue lesions, 24% for bone metastases and 28% for visceral lesions, but it is ineffective for liver metastases with jaundice.

(2) Nitrogen mustard (HN2). The effective rate of treating breast cancer is 35% (18% ~ 47%), which can be improved if high-dose intermittent therapy is used. It has been rarely used since the 1960s, mainly considering the large side effects of drugs.

Among alkylating agents, melphalan (L-PAM) is another commonly used drug besides CTX. The effective rate can reach 30%.

(3) Thiophenone (TSPA). The total effective rate was 30% (10% ~ 36%). Because of its obvious side effects of bone marrow suppression, it is not commonly used now.

(4) fluorouracil. 5FU is the most widely studied antimetabolite in the treatment of breast cancer, and its effective rate can reach 27%.

(5) methotrexate (MTX). In the chemotherapy of breast cancer, MTX is another widely used antimetabolite with a total effective rate of 34% (1 1% ~ 60%).

6. Adriamycin. ADM is the first choice for the treatment of breast cancer, and the effective rate can reach 4 1%.

(7) Mitomycin (MMC). When MMC first came out, it was given in small doses for a long time, and the result was low curative effect and high toxicity. Recently, it was found that the curative effect of intermittent high-dose therapy (20 ~ 30 mg/m2, intravenous injection, once every 4 ~ 6 weeks) can reach 38%, and the toxicity is relatively reduced.

(8) Mitoxantrone (MX). MX is a new anthraquinone anticancer drug. It is reported that mitoxantrone has high curative effect, low toxicity and safety on advanced breast cancer. The effective rate of mitoxantrone monotherapy for advanced breast cancer without chemotherapy history is 15% ~ 36%. The average remission period was 10 month.

(9) Cisplatin. Recently, cisplatin has been found to have a certain effect on breast cancer, and it is dose-related. Cisplatin 20mg/m2 once every 3 weeks for 5 days, and the effective rate can reach 25%.