An overview of the state of development of our gardens?

Overview of the development of China's gardens, specifically what is included? The following Zhongda consulting bidding teacher for you to answer for reference.

China is one of the world's earliest countries in the development of gardens, from the Yinshang era has been the prototype of the garden "囿", to the present has been more than 3,000 years of history [1], the natural writing style of the traditional gardens in the world enjoys a very high reputation, especially in the Qing Dynasty, the development of the traditional gardens to the heyday. Today we have entered the 21st century, with the progress of society, people's lives and aesthetic interests have changed greatly, China's traditional gardens to meet people's needs has been overwhelmed by the serious challenge. The classification of modern garden is more and more detailed, and its connotation and extension are more and more extensive, which has exceeded the scope of the traditional garden [2]. In the face of this situation, how is the current development of China's gardens? What are the current problems in China? How will it be solved? What gaps still exist between the development of China's gardens and foreign comparisons? How will China's garden industry develop in the future? And so on, this paper will be a series of problems described above. 1, China's current development status in the garden after the founding of new China, China's gardening business continues to develop, especially in the last 20 years due to the continuous improvement of people's quality of life, so that the garden industry has received more attention, so that the garden industry to develop more rapidly, the construction of scientific and technological teams, design level, industry development and other aspects have made great achievements. Mainly in the following aspects: 1.1 scientific research progress of the gardening industry scientific research is for the industry construction and development services, basic, forward-looking, guiding: its work policy is: "to the application of science as the main, the combination of applied science and theoretical research" [3]. As early as in the early 80s, the Ministry of Construction developed a "gardening and greening" scientific research topics, systematic research, and gradually implemented; scenic spots and landscapes of the scientific research projects have also made progress in recent years to complete a number of scientific research topics: such as "the value of the urban green space in the ecology of the quantitative", "the garden economy and ecological development strategy research" and so on [3]. 1.2 The development of the industry in addition to the theoretical study of gardening, pay more attention to the combination of theory and practice, after years of unremitting efforts, has made great achievements: 1) The Ministry of Construction in 1992 promulgated the "urban landscaping and greening of the current implementation of industrial policy," which makes it clear that the role of landscape gardening in the construction of social and economic construction is a key national support industry. By the end of 98, China's urban greening coverage rate of 26.5%, the green space rate of 21.8%, per capita public **** green space of 6.1 square meters, there are 512 scenic areas, of which there are 119 key scenic areas, the total area of scenic spots amounted to 96,000 square kilometers, accounting for 1% of the national land area. From 1992, the city garden construction enthusiasm increased significantly, from 92 to 94 years, the Ministry of Construction has named two batches of "garden city" [14] to 2000, 19 cities have been named "national garden city", a national garden area [3]. Garden District [3]. 2) garden science and technology team to accelerate the pace of construction, landscape gardening industry research institutions are the Ministry of Construction, the provinces and municipalities belonging to the Planning and Design Research Institute and Landscape Research Institute, as well as colleges and universities specializing in landscape gardening. The country has more than 40 A and B level landscape planning and design units, more than 60 garden research institutes, colleges and universities more than 10, basically formed a more complete garden system [3].1.3 Currently, China's garden development problems at this stage, with the continuous development of the cause of the garden, to bring better benefits to the community, but due to the many corresponding laws and regulations, the system is not sound to the current stage of the gardening industry The market is quite chaotic, developers are more from commercial speculation, the lack of a certain vision, coupled with social awareness of the industry's mentality, the administrative intervention of the management, resulting in China's actual quality of the garden is not high, the landscape architects are generally impetuous, but also makes it difficult to find the best products, mainly in the following aspects: (1) the industry lacks normative 1) the industry name is not standardized previous "Garden" was called "landscape gardening or environmental design, later called landscape design, later called landscape environmental design, etc., in the end, that is more appropriate, there is no clear statement, due to the name of the industry can not be determined, so that the development of the industry has been affected by the greater impact. 2) Market management is not strict landscape products and construction compared to many less safety regulations, small responsibility, can be transformed, these circumstances lead to the increase in all aspects of the intervention, while the regulatory authorities of the landscape design, construction supervision is not strict, which leads to the quality of landscape works is difficult to guarantee [5]. (2) garden design is not standardized 1) in the garden design imitation phenomenon prevails in the garden industry, in many cases, the designer does not engage in research and investigation, regardless of the actual blind imitation, and finally led to the reduction of the ornamental effect of the landscape, and waste a lot of manpower and material resources [6]. For example: the current social popularity of the "square wind" almost everywhere in the country, presenting a thousand, the same feeling, they are mostly low grass pavement, looking up at the fountain flagpole, looking up at the sculpture, simply become a new "square eight shares" [7]. These squares and the environment is not coordinated, no personality, so that the square not only start to a good role, and people feel boring, lack of vitality [8]; Another example is the current society, a kind of "tree transplantation" wind, from the southeast coast of our country gradually scraped to the interior, resulting in many large trees, and even the year before the ancient trees because of being transplanted. Death, resulting in irreparable losses. 2) blind pursuit of grade in the design process "grade" is often understood as a grand style, luxury materials, it means a lot of investment. This is mainly related to the decision-makers, decision-makers tend to set the tone high, regardless of the place in the whole environmental system, they only focus on the square of luxury, grandeur, form of novelty, for the square's function, role, connotation is ignored, the decision-makers through the high-grade landscape design to show their own performance, and the designers in order to cater to the leadership to win the project, but also do not hesitate to spend a lot of effort to create a high-grade landscape. 3) Landscape design is not enough to care for people a work we emphasize its function, many people can understand, but the designer often ignore the function and happy in the form. The development of society to today, the number of population increases, people's requirements for the landscape is also increasing, oriented to the group is the biggest feature of modern landscape design [9]. In the landscape design disregard for human requirements, and even the function of the landscape is equivalent to the bench, tables and chairs, such as the most basic requirements, in order to build and build, do not care about people's feelings, the developer is the main culprit, landscape architects have also become accomplices [3]. 4) The effect is a bewitching soup nowadays, in the program report, in front of all the three-dimensional effect diagrams, computer projections, etc., a beautiful picture, y attracted the Decision makers, two by violating the conventional design to win the task after the designers are at their wits' end, the beauty of the drawings, simply can not be found in reality. Can talk about people are still marveling at the beautiful effect map [5].2, China's garden and foreign garden development status comparison 2.1 China's gap with foreign countries China's traditional garden development earlier, there have been thousands of years of history, in the world's gardens have a high reputation, but the development of China's modern gardens is relatively late, only after the reform and opening up to get a more rapid development. In foreign countries, such as the United States only has a history of more than two hundred years, but on the current scale and the degree of development, especially the ecological garden has reached a convincing degree of forward development [2]. Compared with foreign countries, there are certain gaps: 1) China's garden industry technical standards and norms and the international level there is a big difference, the number of standards is small, the content is not comprehensive, the lack of strict norms. 2) China's garden research and application of a narrower orientation, has not yet formed a benign cycle of science and technology and the development of the industry. 3) The "people-oriented" design ideas are not enough research. 4) The "people-oriented" design ideas are not enough research, but the development of ecological gardening has reached a convincing degree. 3) Not enough research on the "people-oriented" design ideas, and our country has not yet implemented the policy of citizen participation, there are many shortcomings in the design requirements [11]; 4) In the use of plants, the lack of new and excellent varieties, in the use of materials, new materials, new products are not enough to develop.2.2 Improvement Measures In the face of the phenomena that exist in China's gardening industry, as well as the differences between China's gardening industry and that of foreign countries, we should strengthen the gardening industry from the following aspects. Differences between us should be from the following aspects to strengthen the construction of the garden industry: 1) as soon as possible to develop in line with the current development situation of China's garden industry, laws, regulations, and rules and regulations, so that the industry as soon as possible to do the system to have a law to comply with, there is a basis for the investigation. 2) Actively broaden the scope of research in China's gardening industry, and the development of high-quality series of products for the construction of the garden. 3) Actively implement the "People-oriented". The idea of "people-oriented", the early implementation of the "public participation" system, designed to meet the requirements of the people's garden works. 4) In the design of garden works, strictly stop the phenomenon of imitation, plagiarism, comparison, so that the garden works in line with their own characteristics, highlighting its own characteristics. Through the observation of China's garden industry, we can see that China's garden industry at present, although the development of faster, but not mature, there are still many problems that need to be solved in the industry, these problems are affecting the development of China's garden industry, we must solve these problems as soon as possible, so that the garden industry to develop healthily. 3, China's garden development direction 3.1 ecological garden construction with the development of society and people's Demand continues to improve, the garden is also bound to adapt to the new needs, with the continuous development of ecology, gradually noted that the principles and practices of ecology as the basis for the construction of ecological gardens, will be the trend of the development of the garden industry [12]. Although it is recognized that ecological gardens are a trend in the development of the garden industry. However, the concept of ecological garden is still vague, the understanding of the concept is still biased: some people believe that ecological garden is the ecological benefits of the garden, that is, more trees, more trees, ecological; some people believe that ecological garden is plant gardening, plant landscaping, reducing the proportion of buildings, thinking that the green volume is large, the ecological level is high. The correct understanding of the concept of ecological garden is the premise of building a good ecological garden, although the concept of ecological garden is still vague, but from the development of ecological garden construction abroad, the basic idea is to "create a diversity of natural ecological environment, the pursuit of man and nature **** the joy of life, and improve people's natural aspirations, so that people in the observation of nature to learn about the natural process, realize the importance of ecological environmental protection. process, recognize the importance of ecological environmental protection" [2]. Through the exploration of foreign ecological garden construction, and combined with China's current with the development of the economy, the ecological environment and natural vegetation has been destroyed in the specific situation, after research and analysis that our country in the construction of ecological garden should pay attention to the following points: 1) to change the traditional garden design ideas, and actively advocate the ecological design; 2) protection and restoration of urban biodiversity; 3) in the process of greening, advocate the wild plants The planting. Although China actively advocates the construction of ecological gardens, but at present the gardening industry in the ecological design of the phenomenon of "shouting slogans, negligence in practice" [13]. Caused by this imagination mainly exists for the following two reasons: on the one hand, that ecological design is a very high content of science and technology design methods, need to rely on high-tech means to carry out, and therefore only stay in the exploration stage; on the other hand, the garden designers lack of experience with others to exchange and cooperation. To change this situation, we should start from the following aspects: 1) building an active academic research atmosphere and communication mechanism to provide strong theoretical guidance. 2) we should reform the operation mechanism of garden design to realize multi-person cooperation. 3) we should encourage professionals to be brave to explore, not afraid of failure, and to increase the sense of responsibility for the cause of the garden before. So that we can in the construction of ecological garden, gradually feel, accumulate experience, and actively explore China's ecological garden construction road, for the development of China's ecological garden to make contributions.3.2 garden city construction with the development of China's economy, mankind from the construction of the city has recognized that today's cities to face the ecological disorders of the environmental crisis, urban landscaping has been gradually raised to the point of view of the survival of mankind to understand, many cities put forward the "city of the city", "the city", "the city", "the city", "the city", "the city", and "the city". Many cities have put forward the "city and nature coexist", "urban naturalization" slogan [14]. The construction of garden city has become the stage goal of China's urban development. In order to accelerate the construction of garden cities, we should consider the following aspects: 1) to strengthen the construction of regional ecological gardens from a practical point of view; 2) to arrange urban land use according to the specific conditions of the land; 3) to build a sustainable residential environment; 4) to enhance the ecological function of the city, which includes the creation of microclimatic environments, and the restoration of native plant landscapes, etc. [5]. By strengthening the above aspects, we can gradually accelerate the construction of garden cities in China. At the time of crossing into the new century, we are facing the contradiction between globalization and regionalization, as well as the great pressure of population, resources and environment [11], only by establishing a perfect environmental system and striving to realize the gardening of the earth, can we have a good living environment [16]. In the future, China's gardens will be along the "ecological garden", "ecological city" direction, to create a good living space for people's lives, for social development services. At present, the garden industry has become the focus of all aspects of the garden industry, prompting the unprecedented development of the garden industry [17], in the face of this situation we should seize the opportunity to build on our strengths and avoid shortcomings, and actively learn from foreign advanced experience and technology, to shorten the gap between our country and the advanced level of foreign countries, to enhance the overall awareness of the garden industry and the strength of the garden industry, to accelerate the construction of China's modern gardens, and strive to promote the overall development of the garden industry.

More about the engineering/service/procurement category of the tender writing production, enhance the winning rate, you can click on the bottom of the official website customer service free advice:/#/?source=bdzd