What are the literary features of Wen Yiduo's poems?

Wen Yiduo, formerly known as Wen Jiahua, was born in Xishui County, Hubei Province. He was born in a "noble family, scholarly family" and took part in the May 4th Movement when he was studying in Tsinghua University. 1922 went to the United States to study fine arts after graduation. After returning from 1925, I have been engaged in teaching in universities. 1923 published the first book of poetry "Red Candle". 1929, Dead Water is published again. His main poems are included in these two collections of poems. He has a deep understanding of national traditional culture and has received painting training in the West. When he began to write poetry, he was regarded as an "extreme aesthete". "Red Candle" embodies this point most vividly and intensively. In color, he sings color, which is the value of singing art;

Life is a worthless blank sheet of paper. Since green gives me development, red gives me passion, yellow gives me loyalty, blue gives me nobility, pink gives me hope, and gray gives me sadness. If I finish this color photo, black will kill me. Since then, I have ruined my life because I love his color. Because art has the value of life, and at the same time you can give your life for art, "sword box" is a metaphor for the pursuit of beauty with a carefully carved sword box. Finally, "I committed suicide with a homemade sword box! Oh, oh! I'm finished! " In "Loyal Minister at the End of Art", he said that "beauty is truth, truth is beauty", "do your best, die before you die" and "art will be a martyr at the end". What he wants to express is this loyalty to beauty and art, as well as persistence and failure in the creative process. But Wen Yiduo's love for art is combined with his love for the motherland. He spoke highly of "the beauty of tranquility in the East". He said, "I love China, because this is my motherland, and Ewing is a country with a culture he loves." Therefore, when the poem "Yiju" praises "the total harvest of natural beauty", it can't help but sing passionately: "Autumn wind! A breezy autumn wind; I want to praise the flowers of the motherland! I want to praise my flowery motherland! " In Lonely Goose and Song of the Sun, I also expressed the homesickness of a wanderer in a foreign country. By the time of Dead Water, Wen Yiduo had turned from praising the beauty of art to directly praising patriotism, and thus began to curse the dark reality, and some poems directly described reality. After the "March 18th" tragedy, Literature and Patriotism was published. Although he still believes that poets should be detached from politics, he also believes that "patriotic movement and literary revival can be mutually causal", and the two should join hands and die for the motherland is a great poem. The poem Silent Night vividly shows that in that era when the old and new struggles alternate, an upright patriotic poet can never sit in the ivory tower of art: if he only writes a poem for a glass of wine, the pendulum swings in the silent night, and he can't hear the moans of his neighbors, the trembling figures of orphans and widows, the convulsions in the trenches, the crazy people biting their beds and the tragedies under the millstone of life. Happiness! I can't accept your personal bribe now. My world is not within this wall. Listen! There was another burst of gunfire and death roared. How can you stop my heartbeat on a quiet night? Therefore, he has to express his feelings for the motherland and reality in more poems. Poems such as One Thought, Prayer and One Word express the ardent heart for the motherland. In Discovery and Dead Water, they show great love and desire, and therefore they are strongly dissatisfied with the present situation of their motherland. The emotion expressed in "Dead Water" is very close to Guo Moruo's stroke song "Born in such a dirty world, even a diamond nod will rust". Therefore, Wen Yiduo no longer stays in praising abstract and ethereal beauty, but portrays real life. Although due to the limitations of life, his description is still superficial (such as decadence, crime, Tiananmen Square, etc.). ), but they show that the poet's heart is close to people's lives. The poem "Laundry Song" is still the theme of patriotism, which shows the lyric hero's high national self-esteem, extreme indignation in the face of colonial thought, and also shows the most precious character of colonial people without servility and obsequiousness. The iron clank and iron bone and contempt for capitalism shown in the poem are completely in line with the writer's spirit of "angrily hitting the pistol of the Kuomintang spy" Wen Yiduo's poems can best reflect the crescent society's view on poetry. Xu Zhimo also thinks that "one is not only a poet, but also the person who is most interested in discussing poetry theory and art." I think that in the past five or six years, several of our friends who wrote poems have been influenced by the author of Dead Water. "Every poem of his shows artistic rigor. In language, he is very particular about metaphor. Because of the rich and magical imagination, many metaphors are unexpected but very appropriate, which has become a major feature of poetry art. He wrote about specific things, such as scenery: "The green tongue of banana is licking the glass window" and "The leaden shadow is a long nightmare, lying on the chest of a sleeping stream". This anthropomorphic writing can be seen everywhere. He wrote abstract things, such as strange ideas: "It seems that a group of bats, neither birds nor animals, flew out of the dusty bell tower in front of an ancient temple and got wet by rain." "This combination of abstraction and concreteness makes this poem very vivid. Such as "this good desk and chair, close as friends", "war on gray clothes, crying" and so on. , obviously are "poems". He pays attention to the use of national cultural traditions, so his poems are gorgeous, but sometimes, as Zhu Xiang said, they are too "literary" and "tired". Including "Dead Water", he repeatedly painted with gorgeous words, which is exactly what the poet deliberately pursued the beauty of painting. Comparatively speaking, things like Discovery and Laundry Song are relatively simple and hearty. In addition to the harmony of syllables, I also noticed the neatness of words, but there was no sense of vulgarity. For example, "Laundry Song" is like a very neat building complex, but there is no trace of intentional addition or deletion, which seems natural. He also has a strong sense of Sion. After Wen Yiduo, few people spent so much effort on the creation of new poetry meter and achieved such good results. He is a great contributor to the creation of new poetry after Guo Moruo.

Xu Zhimo, a native of Haining County, Zhejiang Province, studied in Britain and the United States. His poetry collections include Zhi Mo, Cold Night, Tiger and Wandering.