Common sense of formwork engineering

1. What are the commonly used building templates in daily engineering?

Plastic building formwork is an energy-saving and environment-friendly product, which is another new generation product after wood formwork, composite steel formwork, bamboo-wood bonding formwork and all-steel formwork.

It can completely replace the traditional steel formwork, wood formwork and square timber, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly and has low amortization cost. The turnover times of plastic building formwork can reach more than 30 times, and it can also be recycled.

Wide temperature adaptability, strong specification adaptability, sawing and drilling, and convenient use. The flatness and smoothness of the formwork surface exceed the technical requirements of the existing fair-faced concrete formwork, and it has the functions of flame retardancy, corrosion resistance, water resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and has good mechanical properties and electrical insulation properties.

It can meet the requirements of various rectangular, cubic, L-shaped and U-shaped building templates. Plastic building formwork is a composite material extruded at 200℃ on the basis of digesting and absorbing advanced European equipment manufacturing technology and semi-high processing experience.

Aluminum alloy building formwork aluminum alloy formwork refers to modular design, which is formed by extruding aluminum formwork with special equipment. It is a complete universal accessory, which consists of three parts: aluminum plate, bracket and connector. It can be assembled into integral templates with different sizes and complex external dimensions, and it is a system template for assembly and industrial construction. .

2. What are the basic knowledge of building template comparison?

Building formwork is the formwork and support formed by concrete pouring, which can be divided into building formwork, building veneer, laminated board, multilayer board, double-sided laminated board and double-faced laminated building formwork according to the material properties.

Building formwork can be divided into cast-in-place concrete formwork, pre-assembled formwork, large formwork and jumping formwork according to construction technology conditions. The composite steel formwork is briefly introduced as follows: The composite steel formwork is a new type of formwork with strong universality, convenient disassembly and assembly and many turnover times in modern formwork technology. When used in the construction of cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures, beams, columns, walls and floors can be assembled in advance according to the design requirements, which can be hoisted in place as a whole or disassembled in bulk.

3. What are the tips for using building templates?

As a new building material, building formwork appears in people's field of vision. If you protect the building formwork at ordinary times, you can also achieve the performance of one board with multiple functions. The following building template manufacturers provide you with some tips for building templates! If the building template is deformed, it may be because the distance between the two building templates is too large when we use the building template, which leads to its relatively poor rigidity.

And it may also be because we didn't take good care of it in our daily life, and it was deformed after the sun and rain! This requires us to take good care of it at ordinary times and avoid the sun and rain, and when using the building formwork, we should also consider its maximum bearing capacity and stability to facilitate our construction, and also consider the supporting points of the building formwork. For cast-in-place steel plates with a span of not less than 4 meters, they should be supplied according to the design requirements, which is also a method to prolong the service life of building formwork. At the same time, the removal of building formwork is relatively simple, which can save labor and time. The above is our explanation of the reasons for the deformation of building formwork and some solutions, hoping to attract your attention.

4. How can we make better building templates?

Building formwork is a temporary supporting structure made according to the design requirements, which enables concrete structures and components to be shaped according to the specified position and geometric dimensions, maintain their correct positions, and bear the self-weight of building formwork and external loads acting on it.

The purpose of formwork engineering is to ensure the quality and safety of concrete engineering, speed up the construction progress and reduce the engineering cost. The building formwork structure used in the construction of cast-in-place concrete structure is mainly composed of three parts: panel, supporting structure and connector.

The panel is a load-bearing plate that directly contacts the newly poured concrete; The supporting structure is a temporary structure to support the panel, concrete and construction load, which ensures that the building formwork structure is firmly combined and does not deform or destroy; Connectors are fittings that connect panels and supporting structures into a whole. Building formwork is the formwork and support formed by concrete pouring. According to the material properties, it can be divided into building formwork, building veneer, laminated board, multilayer board, double-sided laminated board and double-sided laminated building formwork.

Building formwork can be divided into cast-in-place concrete formwork, pre-assembled formwork, large formwork and jumping formwork according to construction technology conditions.

5. What are the common problems in formwork construction?

1 The formwork support system is unstable, resulting in collapse accident.

2 The foundation supported by the bottom layer is not dense enough, there is no cushion, and the bottom die is vertically supported. Some construction sites neglect the foundation compaction work, which often causes the water to get wet during the concrete pouring process, softens the foundation soil, causes the bearing to settle, and leads to defects such as bending deformation and cracks at the bottom of the poured beam slab. 3 Due to insufficient formwork strength, formwork expansion, formwork of vertical wall, column and beam are not designed according to the change of component thickness and height, formwork bracket, fixture and dowel bar bolt are spaced apart, and formwork strength is insufficient, especially the pumping concrete is fast and has large tension, and sometimes formwork expansion occurs.

4 template gap is big, the holes are not filled and leak slurry. Part of the template gap is greater than 4mm, and some old steel template holes are not filled, which leads to the leakage of stones when pouring concrete; Honeycomb, pits and other defects.

5. Leakage and displacement of embedded parts and reserved holes. For example, in the roof construction of a workshop, a welded sandalwood fell, causing the death of workers. The main reason is that the iron foot at the tail of sandalwood is only 20mm long and has no anchoring effect.

The lack, displacement and inversion of embedded parts bring difficulties to the installation of components, so they have to be compensated by strengthening and welding gaskets. Each construction site shall designate a special person to check the quality and model of embedded parts, so as to ensure that the position is accurate and firmly fixed on the position of the template. 6. The movable formwork for removing garbage and accumulated water should be left at the lower part of the side formwork of the wall and column, which is one of the methods to prevent slag inclusion in concrete.

7 Some concrete members have not yet reached the specified formwork removal strength, especially the overturning load of cantilever members has not been pressed up, so the bearing support and bottom formwork are blindly removed in advance. Cracking, overturning and collapse accidents of components occur from time to time.

Dismantling the formwork of concrete members must be carried out in strict accordance with the concrete strength specified in GB 50204-92. .

6. What are the safety precautions for formwork engineering?

(1) Personnel entering the construction site must wear safety helmets, and aerial workers must wear safety belts and fasten them.

(2) Personnel who are not suitable for aerial work after examination by doctors shall not engage in aerial work. (3) Check whether the tools used are firm before work, and tools such as wrenches must be hung on the body with hammer chains to avoid falling and hurting people; Concentrate on your work to prevent nails from sticking your feet and falling into the air.

(4) Scaffolds and protective railings shall be erected for the installation and removal of formwork over 5m to prevent operation in the same vertical plane. (5) Practical safety measures should be made in advance for the installation and removal of formwork in high altitude and complex structures.

(6) In case of strong winds of magnitude 6 or above, outdoor aerial work should be suspended, and the construction site should be cleaned first after snow, frost and rain, and then work should be carried out when it is slightly dry and not slippery. (7) When two people lift the template, they should cooperate with each other and work together.

Transfer templates and tools shall be fixed by means of transport or ropes and hoisted, and shall not be thrown about. When disassembling the steel formwork of the platform, someone should meet up and down, and the steel formwork and accessories should be shipped with the disassembly. It is forbidden to throw from a height.

When dismantling the formwork at high altitude, there should be a special person to command, the working area should be marked below, surrounded by ropes and red and white flags, and personnel should be hung. (8) A large number of templates and other materials shall not be stacked on the scaffold.

(9) Brackets, poles, etc. Shall not be placed on the door window frame and scaffolding. The diagonal brace and tie rod in the middle of the channel should be set at 1.

More than 8 meters high. (10) In the process of formwork support, if it is necessary to stop halfway, the support, lap joint and stigma plate should be nailed firmly.

During the interval of formwork removal, the movable formwork, tie rod and support should be transported away or pushed away appropriately to prevent falling due to holding your breath and stepping on the air. (1 1) If there are reserved holes in the formwork, cover the holes after installation.

The reserved holes of concrete slab shall be covered immediately after formwork removal. (12) generally use a long crowbar to dismantle the formwork.

No one is allowed to stand on the template being demolished. When dismantling the floor formwork, attention should be paid to the falling of the whole formwork, especially when using the finalized formwork as the platform formwork, the formwork removal personnel should stand outside the doors and windows to pull the support to prevent the formwork from falling suddenly and hurting people.

(13) 36 V low-voltage power supply or other effective safety measures should be adopted for the use of wires and electric tools erected on composite steel formwork.

7. What are the functions of formwork engineering in building construction?

The main function of formwork engineering in building construction: 1) In reinforced concrete structure, formwork engineering is a temporary model structure to ensure that reinforced concrete members can be formed according to the design shape and size requirements, mainly bearing the load generated during concrete construction and ensuring the forming quality of concrete.

2) Formwork engineering is the previous procedure of concrete engineering, and the progress and quality of formwork engineering are related to the construction progress and the quality of concrete engineering, which is the premise of ensuring concrete construction. Therefore, formwork engineering plays a very important role in the whole building construction.

3) The formwork project cost accounts for about one third of the cast-in-place concrete structure project cost; The workload of formwork support and dismantling accounts for about half of the workload of concrete structures.