An important paizi music

It was popular in Kaifeng, Luoyang, Anyang, Nanyang and other places in the early Qing Dynasty, and once spread to Liaocheng, Cao Zhou, Shaanxi and Guanzhong. Qingganlong to Jiaqing is called "octagonal drum". In the late Qing Dynasty, there were names such as "Drum Tune", "Drum Ziqu" and "Quzi". After the Revolution of 1911, southwest Henan began to be called "major". The songs circulating in Luoyang, also known as "minor", were mainly performed in the form of walking on stilts, and later developed into traditional operas in China. Music circulating in Nanyang has always been called "major music".

From the mid-Qing Dynasty to the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was mainly some literati and rich children who beat gongs and drums and organized book clubs to entertain themselves by singing. Towns often gather in teahouses to sing, while rural areas often sing outside and in the fields, attracting some women who come to listen to songs with needles and needles, so they are called "lively songs". Singing forms include solo, multi-person sitting and double singing, commonly known as "lifting songs". When Yiyang Opera was popular, a supporting voice was developed, which was harmonized by musicians to enhance the atmosphere. Guangxi Wenchang is referred to as Wenchang for short, also known as Wenwanzi and Xiaoqu. Popular in northern Guangxi, especially in Guilin, Liuzhou and Lipu. It is the most representative and influential form of Quyi in Guangxi.

During the Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty, the time tune of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces was introduced into Guangxi, and gradually merged with Guilin dialect in its circulation, and was influenced by local folk songs and operas. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, a Guangxi literary field with local characteristics in northern Guangxi had gradually formed. Mainly singing, sometimes in plain English. The form of singing is that several people sit and sing, which is divided into life, beauty, purity and ugliness. The number of singers depends on the characters in the songbook, and each person assumes a role. Each singer also plays an accompaniment instrument, the main instrument is dulcimer, as well as pipa, sanxian, erhu, flute, cloud board, board and so on. There are also people who wear makeup and costumes to sing, which is called "hanging clothes in the literary field". After the 1950s and 1960s, as the literary and art circles entered the theater and took to the stage, the performance form appeared standing singing, that is, the singer held a cloud board or disc in his hand and accompanied by a small band, singing and dancing. The formation of literary schools in Guangxi can be basically divided into professional singing and amateur singing. Most of the early professional artists in Wenchang were blind. They joined forces to form a "small performance class", or were hired to sing for a family, or dragged the Hu Qin from house to house. Their songs are unpretentious and are called "blind schools". Some like-minded amateur literary lovers form a "theater" or a "literary club". They amuse themselves by singing, learn from each other's strong points and pursue gorgeous and colorful vocals, which is called "Guangpai".