What are the resources of the ocean

Question 1: What are the resources of the oceans? Organisms in the oceans: edible, medicinal (medicines in themselves, or medicines that can be extracted from the organisms), scientific, recreational (breeding, ornamental), agricultural (bait), bio-energy ...... etc.

Physical or energy resources of the ocean: electricity generation (wave power, tidal power, temperature (salt) difference power ...... etc.).

Chemical resources of the ocean: desalination of seawater into fresh water, direct extraction of trace elements from seawater (gold, uranium, deuterium, bromine, iodine, magnesium, potassium ......) , direct extraction of compounds in seawater (salt, manganese, gypsum, heavy water, brine ......) etc.

Geological (mineral) resources of the sea: manganese cores, oil, natural gas, mineral sands, bottom sands ...... etc.

The direct use of seawater: the use of icebergs to extract fresh water, seawater cooling nuclear power plant generator sets and other machinery, seawater desulfurization, flushing, dilution ...... etc.

Space resources of the sea: transportation, navigation, recreation ...... etc.

Question 2: What resources are in the ocean? Seabed minerals

Marine mineral resources mainly refer to seabed oil, natural gas and sand resources in the seashore and shallow sea. After our planned exploration, there has been sufficient information conformation, in our vast offshore waters, rich in oil and natural gas resources, at present, in the Bohai Basin has found more than a dozen oil and gas-containing structures or oil fields, some of the oil fields, single well daily production of up to 1,600 tons of crude oil, 190,000 cubic meters of natural gas, in the Yellow Sea, "North Yellow Sea Basin In the Yellow Sea, "North Yellow Sea Basin" has general oil and gas prospects, while in the "South Yellow Sea Basin" there are more than 40 oil and gas storage structures, which have been drilled and confirmed that the oil and gas prospects are very good. The East China Sea has two large oil and gas-bearing sedimentary basins, with a total area of 40.2 million square kilometers, and from the 8 tectonic belts that have been discovered and circled, the scale is huge, or rows of belts, all with a good location, a wide area, the amplitude of the oil source near and so on, and so on, and the development of oil and gas resources in the East China Sea basin has a bright future. In recent years, the offshore oil exploration has also been confirmed in recent years. In the vast continental shelf around the South China Sea, there are the Pearl River Estuary Basin, Yinggehai Basin, Beibu Gulf Basin, Mekong Basin, Brunei ~ Sabah Basin and Palawan Basin and so on. It is estimated that more than half of the basins in the South China Sea have oil and gas reserves of 10-30 billion tons, constituting the main part of the western belt of the large oil and gas belt in the Pacific Rim. By expert calculation, the entire South China Sea within our traditional maritime boundary line of oil and gas resources amounted to about 1,500 billion U.S. dollars, the prospect of exploitation even more than the British North Sea oil fields.

China's coastal sand resources are mainly ilmenite, zircon, monazite, rutile, yttrium phosphorite, niobium biotite, glass sand ore, etc. *** dozen, in addition to the discovery of the gold and arsenic platinum ore particles. Seaside sand ore can be mainly divided into 8 metallogenic belt, such as the eastern seashore belt of Hainan Island, the seashore belt of southwest Guangdong, the eastern seashore belt of Leizhou Peninsula, the seashore belt of Guangdong and Fujian, the seashore belt of Shandong Peninsula, the seashore belt of Liaodong Peninsula, the seashore belt of Guangxi, and the northern and western seashore belt of Taiwan, and so on. In particular, Guangdong seashore sand resources are very rich, and its reserves in the country in the first place.

In 1873, British oceanographers found a pebble-like mass in the North Atlantic Ocean when collecting sediments from the ocean floor, and after laboratory tests, they found that this mass was almost entirely composed of pure manganese oxide and iron oxide. Since then, they successively in the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean in the deep sea area have obtained such a mass. These are manganese nodules. Manganese nodules are a kind of autochthonous manganese mineral on the deep seabed. The main components are manganese and iron oxides and hydroxides, containing copper, nickel, cobalt and other metal elements, widely distributed in the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean at a depth of 4 to 6 kilometers on the seafloor, generally spherical or ellipsoidal spherical or lumpy, with a diameter of 1 to 20 centimeters. The total amount of manganese nodules on the bottom of the world's oceans is about 3 trillion tons, of which the Pacific Ocean has the most, about 1.7 trillion tons, containing 400 billion tons of manganese, 16.4 billion tons of nickel, 8.8 billion tons of copper and 5.8 billion tons of cobalt. These reserves are equivalent to more than 400 times the current land-based manganese reserves, more than 1,000 times the nickel reserves, 88 times the copper reserves and more than 5,000 times the cobalt reserves. According to the current annual consumption of the world, these minerals are enough for human consumption for thousands or even tens of thousands of years. What's more, this egg-shaped mineral is still growing. Manganese nodules at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean are growing at a rate of about 10 million tons per year, and one year's production is enough for the world to use for several years. In the 1970s, there was an international boom in the development of manganese nodules. With the development of exploration technology and development technology, the exploitation of manganese nodules will form an emerging marine mineral industry. 1978, the United States, based on many years of investigation, detection results, synthesized a large amount of research information, officially published the "seabed sediments and manganese nodules published map", so that all countries of the world on the various oceans, especially the Pacific Ocean sea manganese nodules have a more comprehensive and correct understanding of the situation. Since the 1970s, China has also carried out oceanic seabed resource exploration activities, and formulated a research plan for the investigation and development of oceanic manganese nodule resources, and selected 300,000 square kilometers of nodule mining area in the Pacific Ocean CC area for mining operations. 1991, the United Nations International Seabed Authority and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea approved that China obtains the priority right to exploit the international seabed mining area with a surface area of 150,000 square kilometers.

Hydrothermal deposits on the seafloor are polymetallic sulfide deposits associated with seafloor hot springs. Department of seawater intrusion depth of 2000 to 3000 meters in the seabed cracks, by the deep crust of the heat source heating, dissolved in the crust of a variety of metal compounds, and then from the bottom of the ocean spewing out, meet the cold seawater and the condensation of precipitates generated. Also known as "polymetallic soft mud" or "hydrothermal metal mud". Contains copper, lead, zinc, manganese, iron, gold, silver and other metals. Among them, the content of gold, silver and other precious metals is higher than that of manganese nodule ore, which is known as the "seabed gold bank". The distribution of water depth is generally 8...... >>

Question 3: What are the resources in the ocean The ocean accounts for 71% of the Earth's surface, and contains more than 80 kinds of chemical elements. Some people have calculated that if all the substances dissolved in 1 cubic kilometer of seawater are extracted, in addition to 994 million tons of fresh water, it can produce 30.52 million tons of salt, magnesium 2.369 million tons, gypsum 2.442 million tons, potassium 825,000 tons, 67,000 tons of bromine, as well as iodine, uranium, gold, silver, and so on, which shows the value of the ocean's resources.

Question 4: What are the available resources in the ocean? 5 points There are a variety of resources in the ocean, and a large amount of resource reserves. Such as marine water resources, marine chemical resources (such as sea salt), marine biological resources (such as fish, shrimp, shellfish and algae), marine mineral resources (oil, natural gas), marine space resources, marine tourism resources, marine new energy resources (tidal energy, wave energy) and so on.

Question 5: What are the resources of the ocean After decades of investigation and research by marine scientists and technicians, 20278 species of marine organisms have been recorded in the waters under our jurisdiction. These marine organisms belong to five biological communities, 44 biological phylum. Among them, the Animal kingdom has the largest number of species (12,794) and the Prokaryote kingdom has the smallest number (229). The species of marine organisms in our country account for about 10% of the total number of marine organisms in the world. The marine organisms in China's sea area can be roughly divided into two categories, namely, water marine organisms and beach marine organisms, according to their distribution. Among the marine organisms in the waters, fish, cephalopods (such as squid, also called cuttlefish, which we often eat) and shrimps and crabs are the most important marine organisms. Among them, fish have the most varieties and the largest number, constituting the main body of marine life in the waters. The distribution trend of the number of species of marine life in the waters is more in the south and less in the north, i.e., more species in the South China Sea, and fewer species in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea.

According to the latest survey data, distributed in China's mudflats on the marine life species *** there are more than 1580 kinds. Among them to mollusks (that is, usually what we call shellfish) the most, there are 513 species, followed by 358 species of seaweeds, crustaceans (mainly usually what we call shrimp, crabs) 308 species, and other groups of species are very few. The number of species of our coastal mudflat organisms is the same as that of marine organisms, which is also gradually increasing from north to south.

A great variety of marine fish

Fish is one of the lowest groups of vertebrates. In China's waters, 3,023 species of marine fish have been recorded, of which 237 are cartilaginous fish and 2,786 are scleractinian fish, accounting for about 1/7 of all marine species in China. Therefore, marine fishes form an important basis for marine aquatic products in China.

1. Fish that can climb trees

2. Magical "devil fish"

3. Fish that can generate electricity and emit radio waves

4. Fish that can make sounds

5. The king of the sea - the shark <

6. Butterflyfish, the lovebirds of the sea

7. Coral fish

8. Fish that glow

9. Overturned fish with strange forms

.................... Colorful mollusks

Question 6: What do marine resources include? Marine resources are the main body of the ocean - seawater, the seabed and the surface of the sea has a close relationship with a resource. We often speak of marine resources in a narrow sense. It usually refers to organisms that can survive in seawater (including artificial breeding); chemical elements and freshwater dissolved in seawater; energy generated by seawater movement, such as waves, tides, currents, etc.; heat stored in seawater; resources contained in the deep seabed, in particular, a variety of solid minerals on the seabed, such as manganese nodules; and the pressure difference and concentration difference between seawater and freshwater in deep seawater, etc. In short, marine resources refer to the main body of the ocean, the seabed and the surface of the ocean, which are closely related to each other. In short, marine resources refers to the substances and energy that have a direct relationship with the seawater body of water and the seabed, the sea surface itself.

Question 7: What are the marine animal resources The ocean is an important reserve resource base in China. China's total sea area of 3.54 million km2, of which the depth of 200m of the continental shelf 1.48 million km2, China's biological production of the sea area of 2.67t / km2 (weighted average), the total biological production of 12.6153 million t. China's fishery area available for fishing production is about 2.81 million km2, or 4.2 billion mu. China's marine biological resources up to 20278 species, including 3032 species of fish, 1923 species of snails and shellfish, 734 species of crabs, 546 species of shrimps and 790 species of algae. Of these, more than 200 species are listed in fishery statistics and markets as objects of economic fishing, which are sufficient to demonstrate the richness of resources and species richness of marine aquatic organisms in China. China's marine fishery is one of the important fisheries in the world, and if under the condition of maintaining ecological balance, the annual fishable capacity can be maintained at more than 5 million tons, which is an important resource for the development of shallow-sea aquaculture and sea pasture, and for the formation of a food supply base of strategic significance. In addition, pelagic fishery has a greater potential for development. China is a big country in the ocean, China's east and south of the vast ocean, under China's jurisdiction of the ocean area of 3.54 million km2, across the temperate, subtropical, tropical three climate zones, the continental shelf is wide, rich in nutrients in the water.

Question 8: What are the mineral resources of the ocean? Marine mineral resources, also known as seabed mineral resources. Including the seashore, shallow sea, deep sea, ocean basin and the bottom of the ocean ridge all kinds of mineral resources. According to the cause of the deposit and the state of existence is divided into:

① Alluvial minerals, mainly from land-based rock and mineral debris, by rivers, seawater (including currents and tides), glaciers and the wind of the handling and sorting, and finally in the seaside or the shelf area of the best section of the deposition of the enrichment and become. Such as alluvial gold, alluvial platinum, diamond, alluvial tin and alluvial iron ore, and ilmenite and zircon, rutile and monazite, etc. *** raw composite alluvial ore;

② seabed authigenic minerals, by the chemical, biological and hydrothermal effects of natural minerals generated in the ocean, can be formed directly or after the enrichment of the formation of Christine, such as apatite, sea chlorite, barite, manganese nodules on the seabed and seafloor multi-metallic hydrothermal ores (zinc, copper).

③ Minerals in the seabed solidified rock, mostly belonging to the extension of land-based deposits to the sea, such as seabed oil and gas resources, sulfur and coal. In the marine mineral resources, the seabed oil and gas resources, seabed manganese nodules and seaside composite sand mines of the greatest economic significance.