Winter solstice folk custom

A brief introduction to the winter custom of solstice

Winter solstice, also known as "one-day birth", is an important solar term in the China lunar calendar and a traditional festival of the Chinese nation. The winter solstice is usually called "Winter Festival", "Dragon solstice Festival" and "Asian New Year". As early as more than 2,500 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, China had observed the sun with earth gauges and determined the winter solstice, which was the earliest of the 24 solar terms, and the time was between June 65438+February 2 1 ~23 in the Gregorian calendar every year.

Historical origin

According to records, in the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, winter and November were the first month, and the solstice in winter was the beginning of the New Year. There is a saying in Hanshu: "The sun shines brightly from the winter solstice, sir, congratulations …" In other words, people begin to celebrate the winter solstice festival to celebrate the arrival of the New Year. The ancients believed that since the winter of solstice, the yang of heaven and earth began to flourish, representing the beginning of the next cycle and the arrival of good luck. Therefore, the custom of ancestor worship and family dinner in the Spring Festival is often chosen on the solstice of winter. The winter solstice is also called "off-year". First, it shows that the year is approaching and there are not many days left. The second is to show the importance of the winter solstice.

As a festival, the winter solstice originated in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and has continued to this day. The first month of the weekly calendar is November in the summer calendar, so the first month of the Zhou Dynasty is equal to November in the solar calendar today, so there is no difference between New Year greetings and New Year celebrations. It was not until Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted the summer calendar that the first month was separated from the solstice in winter. It can also be said that the simple "winter solstice festival" began in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and has existed ever since.

Winter solstice custom

The two most common customs of winter solstice in China are:

1. Families get together for a reunion dinner, which usually includes the most distinctive local winter solstice materials. On the solstice of winter, eating jiaozi has become the custom of most people in China.

2. Sacrificial activities. Many families will go to the grave on this day or the day before, and those who are inconvenient to return to their hometown will also make a small altar at home to put some jiaozi, wine, fruit and so on. As a souvenir.

Of course, after thousands of years of development, winter solstice has formed a unique seasonal diet culture. There are also some special customs in different regions. Here are some simple examples:

north

Every year, during the winter solstice of the Lunar New Year, jiaozi is an indispensable holiday feast for both the rich and the poor. With the development of China's transportation, job migration and North-South communication, eating jiaozi has now spread to many areas in the south.

Tengzhou area of Shandong province

It is said that the custom of eating mutton from winter solstice began in the Han Dynasty. This day is called Fujiu. Before the festival, the elders will be given gifts such as mutton, and everyone will drink mutton soup, which is a good sign for individuals, elders and families.

South of the lower reaches of Yangze River

On the night of winter solstice, the family get together to eat red beans and glutinous rice.

Ningbo

In the traditional customs of Ningbo, sweet potato soup is one of the must-eat foods in winter solstice. In Ningbo people's understanding, eating sweet potatoes on the solstice in winter is to "turn over" all the bad luck of the past year.

Taiwan Province Province, China

In Taiwan Province Province, China, the tradition of offering nine-layer cakes to ancestors from winter to the sun is still preserved.

Linhai Taizhou

Taizhou and Linhai, on this day, we will eat "winter solstice yen" (also called hard circle and thick circle), which means round and reunion.

Suzhou

Gusu region attaches great importance to the solar terms of the winter solstice. There is a proverb in Gusu region: "The winter solstice is like a new year". Traditional Gusu people will drink winter wine on the night of winter solstice. Winter wine is a kind of rice wine, which is brewed with sweet-scented osmanthus and has a pleasant aroma.

Jiangxi

Asako, a specialty of Zhejiang and Jiangxi, is also a traditional snack of Fujian people and a sacrifice of Fujian people. Suitable for steaming, frying, roasting and sand frying after hemp is raised in the shade.

Hefei

Hefei, Anhui, people in Hefei eat pumpkin pie and a bowl of hot egg noodles on the winter solstice, which is considered as the winter solstice.

Chaoshan

After eating the Winter Festival jiaozi, Chaoshan people always put two Winter Festival jiaozi on the doors, windows, tables, cabinets, ladders, beds and other conspicuous places at home, even the bow of fishermen's boats, the horns of farmers' cows and fruit trees planted by fruit farmers are no exception. In order to ensure the safety of the family.

Jiaxing

The solstice in winter is an important festival in ancient times. Jiaxing emphasizes winter solstice, and people advocate winter solstice tonic, including red beans, glutinous rice and ginseng soup. Tremella, stewed walnuts, longan boiled eggs, etc.

What is the custom of winter solstice? What is the custom in the north?

The winter solstice is an important folk festival in Shanxi in November of the lunar calendar, commonly known as the "Winter Festival".

During the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, it was stipulated that the day before the winter solstice was the end of the year. The winter solstice festival is essentially equivalent to today's Spring Festival. Later, the summer calendar was implemented. However, the winter solstice has always ranked first among the 24 solar terms, and there is a saying that "the winter solstice is as big as a year", which is called "sub-year". Celebrations have been held since the Han Dynasty. At the peak, the court has a three-day holiday, so you don't listen to politics. People closed the city for three days to celebrate the festival. It is as lively as the Chinese New Year.

Today's winter solstice festival still retains many historical sites. From the winter of the solstice, it entered the cold weather for several days in a row. There is a folk custom of drawing "Cold Map in September and September" in various forms.

There is a plum blossom, and 998 1 flower is painted in plain ink. Dye a petal with a red pen or a black pen every day, and the petal will come out in 1999, which is called 99-99 cold elimination map.

Some are tied horizontally to make a square diagram of 998 1 grid. Apply a grid of nine grids every day, which is called 99-99 anti-cold table.

Draw a few empty squares and choose a few words. Each word must be several strokes. Write a stroke every day and finally make a sentence, such as "looking at Feng Gu in front of the pavilion and behind the house", which is called the sentence of "Jiujiu eliminating cold"

The most elegant thing is to make nine-body couplets. Nine words per couplet, nine pictures per word, and each couplet is filled in daily. For example, the couplet reads "Spring hangs, spring blooms, spring blooms"; The second couplet is called "Autumn Persimmon Hanging in Autumn Courtyard to Send Autumn Fragrance", and it is called "Eliminating Cold and Welcoming Spring in September".

What form each family takes is often determined by the owner's hobbies and cultural quality. There is also a folk proverb: "The sky is sunny, and the left wind is foggy and snowy." The dots in the picture are dark, and the grass is outside the door. "

On the winter solstice festival, people are used to giving away shoes, and its origin is very old. "China's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times" said: "There were embroidered mandarin ducks in the Han Dynasty, and Emperor Zhao ordered his aunt to go to the winter solstice." Cao Zhi's "Winter Solstice Socks and Shoes Table" also has a sentence: "Welcome in the coming year and celebrate for a long time." Later, the custom of sending shoes to uncles and aunts gradually became that uncles and aunts sent shoes and hats to nephews. Mainly reflected in children. It used to be mainly hand embroidery. As a gift for men, hats are mostly made in the shape of tigers and dogs, and embroidered shoes are also beasts. For girls, hats are mostly made in the shape of phoenix, and embroidery on shoes is mostly flowers and birds. Most of the current goods are purchased from collecting coins, and the form keeps up with the trend of the times. On holidays, adults always like to drop in to see their children and praise the shoes and hats given by their uncles and aunts.

In winter solstice, boys in northern Shaanxi are used to playing gang games. Holding a square stone piece the size of a palm, one side stands up, and the other side throws and hits in turn according to a set of prescribed actions. When knocking down the pillars set by the other side, move on. After the failure, exchange throws with each other. Whoever finishes all the procedures first will win. Girls are used to kicking shuttlecock in various forms. People often have to join in the fun and play.

In the winter solstice festival, the old customs should also be entertained by teachers from the East School. Teacher Wang will lead the students to worship Confucius memorial tablet. Then, Dongxue led the students to worship Mr. .. There is a saying in Shanxi that "teachers teach on the winter solstice", which is the custom of respecting teachers and attaching importance to Taoism. Until now, there is still the custom of inviting teachers to dinner on the winter solstice. Northwest Shanxi used to entertain teachers with stewed mutton, which was full of affection.

In the past, domestic helpers used to settle their wages with their employers during the winter solstice and then prepare to go home. Traditionally, the host will hold a banquet to entertain the guys and discuss the affairs of next year with each other. Today, some rural self-employed people still keep this custom, holding banquets and drinking alcohol on the winter solstice.

Southern customs

The solstice in winter is the longest night in a year. Many people use this evening to make a "winter solstice circle" with glutinous rice flour. In order to distinguish it from the "farewell to the old and welcome the new" on the eve of the Spring Festival, the day before the Winter Festival is called "adding the year" or "dividing the year", which means that the "year" has not ended, but everyone has grown up for a year.

Although the customs and people's feelings in different parts of our country are different, they are roughly the same. When making the winter solstice circle, children often pinch some small animals, such as kittens, puppies, rabbits, tigers and so on. The children are very happy at this time. Before eating the winter solstice yen, you should stick a winter solstice yen on the back of the bed lamp on the door, window, table and cabinet, which is called "spending money day", and you must send the food to the stove before baking. If there are pregnant women at home at this time, the winter solstice will be full, and boys will be born, otherwise girls will be born. When eating the winter solstice, the entrances must be paired for good luck. In the end, there are only two pieces left, the married are the best, and the single and unmarried are the best. At night, some families worship their ancestors with seasonal fruits and three kinds of animals. It is also on this day&; q......& gt& gt

Pay attention to the custom of winter solstice, simply write ■ Spring Festival during winter solstice is the most important festival in a year, so there are many taboos, such as: avoid eating porridge and dry rice on the first day of the new year. Do you think it is strange ■ After the winter solstice of the twelfth lunar month, it is commonly known as the twelfth lunar month. On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, eat Laba porridge. Laba porridge is made of glutinous rice, red beans, longan, jujube, chestnuts, peanuts, hazelnuts, ginkgo and pine nuts. It is said that Laba porridge originated in India. After sitting alone under a bodhi tree for six years, Buddha Sakyamuni finally became a Buddha on the night of August in the lunar calendar. Weiya (the 16th day of the 12th lunar month) is made to thank the land authorities for their blessing to the believers' agricultural harvest and business, so it will be more grand than usual. The boss of the company line number will reward employees in the company, home or restaurant as a reward for their hard work over the past year. God-sending Day (the 24th day of the twelfth lunar month) is also an important day for Kitchen God and other gods to return to heaven once a year to tell the Jade Emperor God about the good and evil on earth, so as to determine the good and evil of people in the coming year. ▲ Kitchen God porridge as a souvenir. After Laba, I began to do year-end cleaning. The twelfth lunar month is the tail tooth. On this day, people worship the earth god, and merchants entertain employees on this day. In the past, when the boss wanted to fire his employees, it was tacit to point the boiled chicken at the employees. On this day, food should be "cut" On the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month, it is said that the kitchen god descended from the sky and lived in every household. At the end of the year, I went back to heaven to report the family's good and evil for one year, and the Emperor of Heaven gave them good and ill luck respectively. In order to make Kitchen God speak well, people will bribe him with rich sacrifices and stick his mouth shut to prevent him from gossiping. ■ On New Year's Eve, all families who travel far away and go out separately go back to their hometown for a reunion night and eat New Year's Eve around the stove. The most important thing about New Year's Eve is a big fish, but it can't be finished, which symbolizes "more than one year". After the New Year's Eve, the oldest elder in the family sits in the main hall, and the younger generation pays New Year greetings in turn. Usually, after New Year's greetings, people are allowed to start gambling on small money. Whether they gamble or not, they usually keep vigil until midnight, when firecrackers are set off and the New Year officially begins. In the middle of the night, I will go to a famous temple nearby to worship God and prepare to "grab incense". ■ On the first day of the Lunar New Year, the time depends on the dry branch. When the time comes, firecrackers will be set off, and sweets such as red dates, white gourd, white sugar and peanut candy will be offered to the gods, and gold paper will be burned for worship. At dawn, put couplets on the door, light candles, burn incense and offer tea, sweet tea, peanut candy and honey, and worship ancestors' oranges, rice, hair, sweet rice. On New Year's Day, in addition to worshipping God and Buddha at home, you can also worship Buddha in your own temple. In addition, the first day of the year is the beginning of the year. In order to get off to a good start, family members should not say unlucky things, reprimand, declare a break, or beat. , also can't use a knife and fork, more won't destroy things. The whole family, men, women and children, put on new clothes, or visit relatives and friends, or go for an outing in the suburbs, or participate in various games and gambling. □ Don't eat vegetable soup and sweets on the first day @ Eat vegetarian dishes on the first morning, don't eat meat and don't cook. Steamed the dishes of the day before yesterday, instead of vegetable soup, you can only drink rock sugar tea. People in Taiwan Province Province believe that drinking vegetable soup will lead to heavy rain when traveling abroad. Some people live this life from grade one to grade three. Don't eat sweet food on New Year's Day. You can't eat it until the second day of the second year. You should fry oil in the pan. There is a saying in Taiwan Province Province: "Stir-fry the red", which means poverty. -Disposal of domestic garbage During the first to fifth day of the first year, domestic garbage should not be thrown outside the door, but should be * * * together. This is to take things out of the house, or to take the blessings out of the house. So even garbage should stay at home. ■ The daughter who got married in the second day could have gone back to her parents' home any day, but it is said that her parents will be poor in the first day, so she didn't go back until the second day. On the other hand, it is a compulsory social norm to go back to parents' home on the second day of junior high school, because women's status was not high before, and they were worried that if they got married, they might never be able to go home for the rest of their lives, so this custom came into being. On the second day of junior high school, married women, together with their husbands and children, bring some gifts back to their parents' home to pay New Year greetings. When I return to my parents' home, I will pay New Year greetings to my grandparents and parents first, and then give them red envelopes. These elders also give red envelopes to grandchildren brought back by their daughters. If you have siblings at home, of course, you should give them red envelopes. Therefore, on the second day of the first month of each year, the bride's home is full of joy and excitement. ■ Level 3 ▲ Mice ... >>

On the solstice of winter, people in the north eat jiaozi? What's the point? Winter solstice, commonly known as winter festival, is a grand festival in ancient times. Among the 24 solar terms, the winter solstice is also the most important. The Winter Solstice Festival originated in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and has been passed down to this day. The winter solstice originated from China's concept of Yin and Yang. Yin and Yang symbolize the balance and coordination of life. China people believe that when the winter solstice comes, it is the time when the dark power and coldness of Yin are the strongest, and it is also an extremely important critical moment, because the light and warmth of Yang will gradually ban the extreme coldness of Yin. Therefore, the solstice of winter is a harmonious and happy moment. The ancients believed that by the solstice of winter, although it was still in the cold season, spring was not far away. Everyone who goes out at this time will go home for the winter vacation, which indicates that there will be a home at the end of the year. People in Fujian and Taiwan believe that the annual winter solstice is a festival for family reunion, because it is a day to worship ancestors. Going out and not coming home is a person who denies his ancestors. The date of winter solstice is1February 22nd or 23rd in the solar calendar every year. The date of the lunar calendar is not necessarily, but it generally does not exceed November of the lunar calendar. In Shangshu Yaodian, the solstice in winter is called "short day", because the sun shines directly on the tropic of Capricorn on this day, so the day is the shortest and the night is the longest in the northern hemisphere. From winter to the future, the sun moves north, the days become longer and the nights become shorter. The ancients said, "The sun rises on the winter solstice", which means that Yin Qi reaches its peak and declines on the winter solstice. Instead, the spirit of the sun began to sprout. During the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, it was stipulated that the day before the winter solstice was the end of the year, and the winter solstice festival was essentially equivalent to today's Spring Festival. Later, the summer calendar was implemented. However, the winter solstice has always ranked first among the 24 solar terms, and there is a saying that "the winter solstice is as big as a year", which is called "sub-year". Celebrations have been held since the Han Dynasty. At the peak, the court is closed for three days, and you don't listen to politics. People closed the city for three days to celebrate the festival. It is as lively as the Chinese New Year. The solstice in winter is the longest night in a year. Many people use this evening to make a winter solstice circle with glutinous rice flour. In order to distinguish it from resignation on the eve of the Spring Festival, the day before the Winter Festival is called Tiannian or Sub-Nian, which means that a year has not ended, but everyone has grown up for a year. Although the customs and people's feelings are different all over the country, they are roughly the same. When making the winter solstice circle, children often pinch some small animals, such as kittens, puppies, rabbits, tigers and so on. The children are very happy at this time. Before eating the winter solstice yen, you should stick a winter solstice yen on the back of the bed lamp on the door, window, table and cabinet, which is called "spending money day", and you must send the food to the stove before baking. If there are pregnant women at home at this time, the winter solstice will be full, and boys will be born, otherwise girls will be born. When eating the winter solstice, the entrances must be paired for good luck. In the end, there are only two pieces left, the married are the best, and the single and unmarried are the best. At night, some families worship their ancestors with seasonal fruits and three kinds of animals. Others bask in winter rice on this day, that is, wash the white rice with water, expose it to the sun on this day, and put it away for the sick to cook porridge later. Today's winter solstice festival still retains many historical sites. From the winter of the solstice, it entered the cold weather for several days in a row. There is a folk custom of drawing "Cold Map in September and September" in various forms. There are three patterns in "99 Cold Map", namely characters, circles and plum blossoms. What form each family takes is often determined by the owner's hobbies and cultural quality. There is also a folk proverb about "getting rid of the cold in 1999": "It turns cloudy and sunny, and the left wind is foggy and snowy; The dots in the picture are dark, and the grass is outside the door. In the winter solstice festival, people are used to giving shoes, and its origin is very old. " China's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times said: "There was an embroidered mandarin duck in the Han Dynasty, and Emperor Zhao ordered his aunt to visit it from winter to Sunday. "There is also a sentence in Cao Zhi's" socks on the Winter Solstice Day ",which says," Welcome the auspicious New Year and celebrate Wan Li Road ". Later, the custom of sending shoes to uncles and aunts gradually became that uncles and aunts sent shoes and hats to nephews. Mainly reflected in children. In the past, hand embroidery was a gift for men, hats were mostly made in the shape of tigers and dogs, and embroidered shoes were also beasts; For girls, hats are mostly made in the shape of phoenix, and embroidery on shoes is mostly flowers and birds. Now most of them are bought from the market, and the form keeps up with the trend of the times. On holidays, adults always like to drop in to see their children and praise the shoes and hats given by their uncles and aunts. In winter solstice, boys in northern Shaanxi are used to playing gang games. Take a square stone piece the size of a palm, stand it on one side, and complete a set on the other side as required ... >>

What is the diet custom from winter solstice?

folk-custom activities

Nine-nine cold elimination map

The winter solstice festival is also called the winter festival and the winter festival. It is not only one of the 24 solar terms, but also a traditional festival in China. There is a saying that "the winter solstice is as big as a year", which has always been valued by the court and the people. Since the Zhou Dynasty, there have been sacrificial activities.

"Zhou Lichun off? Shen Shi: "With the coming of winter, to ghosts and gods. "The purpose is to pray for the country and eliminate epidemics, and reduce people's famine and death. Historical records? Filial piety: "After that, I was two years old. In November, Jiazi was born on the winter solstice, and the calendar is based on this system. The son of heaven climbed Mount Tai, and in November Jiazi Shuodan Winter Solstice Temple was named Shentang, which was closed to Zen. "

"Etiquette in the Later Han Dynasty": "Around the winter solstice, gentlemen live in peace, and officials do nothing." We also have to choose "capable people", beat gongs and drums, and play the "Yellow Bell Method" to celebrate.

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the solstice of winter and the beginning of a year were both important. Meng Yuanlao's Dream of China in Tokyo in the Southern Song Dynasty: "November Winter Solstice. The capital attaches great importance to this festival. Although it is in the hands of the poor, it is easier to get new clothes, prepare meals and enjoy the ancestors in a year. Officials let go and celebrate exchanges, just like the Chinese New Year. "

"Jia Qinglu" bluntly said: "The winter solstice is a big year." * * * From the winter of the ancient solstice, it is necessary to worship ancestors, but now only Chaoshan area in China continues this habit.

Traditional diet

The solstice in winter is a good time for health preservation, mainly because "Qi starts from the solstice in winter". Because from beginning of winter, life activities began to turn from decline to prosperity, from static rotation. At this time, scientific health preservation helps to ensure vigorous energy and prevent premature aging, thus achieving the purpose of prolonging life. During the winter solstice, the diet should be diversified, with grains, fruits, meat and vegetables reasonably matched, and high-calcium foods appropriately selected.

In winter solstice, different places have different customs, and most places in northern China have the custom of eating jiaozi in winter solstice. After thousands of years of development, a unique seasonal diet culture has been formed from winter solstice to Sunday. Eating jiaozi has become the winter solstice custom of most people in China. Of course, there are exceptions, such as the custom of drinking mutton soup from winter solstice in Tengzhou City, Shandong Province, which means driving away the cold.

The ancients celebrated the winter solstice. Although many people don't think it is a festival today, in any case, the winter festival is one of the "eight major festivals of the year", and foodies will not miss this festival with various winter solstice specialties, such as jiaozi in the north, Chaoshan glutinous rice balls, Mazi in the southeast, Yuan Lei in Taizhou, Hefei pumpkin pie, Ningbo sweet potato soup, Tengzhou mutton soup, Jiangnan rice, Suzhou wine making and so on.

The origin and custom of the Winter Solstice Festival is a very important solar term in the China lunar calendar, and it is also a traditional festival of the Han nationality in China.

The Winter Solstice Festival originated in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and has been passed down to this day. Lu even said that the winter solstice is as big as a year. This shows that the ancients attached great importance to the winter solstice. People think that the winter solstice is a natural transformation of Yin and Yang and a blessing from heaven. In the Han Dynasty, the winter solstice was the "Winter Festival", and the government held a congratulatory ceremony called "He Dong", which was a routine festival. There is such a record in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: "Before and after the winter solstice, a gentleman was prepared for danger in times of peace, refused to listen to politics, and chose an auspicious day to save trouble." So on this day, the imperial court had a holiday, the army was on standby, the frontier fortress was closed, the business trip was closed, relatives and friends sent meals to each other, visited each other, and had a "quiet" holiday happily.

In the Tang and Song Dynasties, the solstice in winter was the day of ancestor worship. On this day, the emperor went to the suburbs to hold a ceremony to worship heaven. On this day, people must worship their parents. There are still some places to celebrate the winter solstice.

Winter solstice legend

1. There used to be a saying in old Beijing that "winter solstice wonton, summer solstice noodles". According to legend, during the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu in the north often harassed the frontier, and the people were restless. At that time, there were two leaders, Xiongnu tribe and Tun tribe, which were very cruel. The people hated it, so they wrapped it into a corner with meat stuffing and called it "wonton" with the sound of "muddy" and "swallowing". I hate eating, and I want to quell the war and live a peaceful life. Because wonton was originally made on the winter solstice, every family eats wonton on the winter solstice.

Secondly, it is said that the custom of eating dog meat in winter began in the Han Dynasty. According to legend, Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, ate dog meat cooked by Fan Kuai on the solstice in winter, which was particularly delicious and full of praise. Since then, the custom of eating dog meat from winter solstice has been formed among the people. Nowadays, people eat dog meat, mutton and all kinds of nutritious food on the solstice of winter, which is a good sign for the coming year.

Thirdly, there is a custom in Jiangnan water town that the whole family get together to eat red beans and glutinous rice on the night of winter solstice. According to legend, * * * Gong was a troubled wit who died in the winter. Become a plague ghost after death and continue to harm the people. However, this epidemic ghost is most afraid of red beans, so people cook red bean rice from winter solstice to drive away the epidemic ghost and prevent diseases.

Fourth, why eat jiaozi on the winter solstice!

Every year, during the winter solstice of the Lunar New Year, jiaozi is an indispensable holiday feast for both the rich and the poor. As the saying goes: "On October 1st, when the solstice of winter comes, every family eats jiaozi." This custom was left in memory of Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical sage", who gave up medicine from the winter solstice.

Zhang Zhongjing is from Gedong, Nanyang. He wrote Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which is a masterpiece of doctors. Quhanjoule decoction has been regarded as a classic by doctors in past dynasties. Zhang Zhongjing has a famous saying: "if you advance, you will survive;" If you retreat, you will save the people; " You can't be a good doctor and you can't be a good doctor. "When the Eastern Han Dynasty was the magistrate of Changsha, he visited the sick and took medicine and practiced medicine in the lobby. Later, he resolutely resigned and went back to his hometown to treat his neighbors. When he got home, it was already winter. He saw that the villagers on both sides of the Baihe River were sallow and emaciated, hungry and cold, and many people's ears were frozen. He asked his disciples to build a medical shed and a cauldron in Dongguan, Nanyang, and give up their homes in winter solstice to treat frostbite. He cooked mutton and some herbs to dispel the cold in a pot, then took out the mutton and chopped the medicine to make ear-shaped Joules and bread. After cooking, he distributed two Joules and a big bowl of broth to everyone who came to ask for medicine. People ate "Joule" and drank "Quhan Decoction", and they were all hot, their ears were hot, and their frostbitten ears were cured. Later generations learned the appearance of Joule and packaged it into food, also called "jiaozi" or "flat food".

When you eat jiaozi on the solstice in winter, you will never forget the kindness of Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical sage", in "Quhan Joule Decoction". Up to now, there is still a folk song in Nanyang, which is called "jiaozi Bowl, and nobody cares about frozen ears." .

Winter solstice custom

The winter solstice (Gregorian calendar1February 2 1 day or 22nd) is the beginning of September of the lunar calendar. The ancients believed that it was an auspicious day for the winter solstice to lengthen the day and raise the sun's spirit. Therefore, it is worth celebrating. Emperors in the Ming and Qing Dynasties had ceremonies to worship heaven, which was called "the suburb from winter to the sun". There was a ceremony in the palace where hundreds of officials congratulated the emperor. They also threw thorns at each other and congratulated each other, just like New Year's Day. However, people do not regard the winter solstice as a festival, but have some timely activities.

In the Qing Dynasty, some flag-bearers prayed for disaster relief. At five o'clock on the solstice in winter, we invite our cousins and close friends to gather in the yard and sit on the floor, providing a low table with a "heaven and earth yard" or memorial tablet to kill pigs and sacrifice to heaven. By the way, an "ancestor pole" (a flagpole two or three feet high, with a gourd-shaped top and a "Diao Dou" at the bottom, with a flag hanging under the bucket to represent ancestors) was offered. After the sacrifice, relatives and friends sit around and eat "white meat", which is called "Shenyu".

Southerners visit Beijing, and some people hold banquets to worship their ancestors. At the same time, colleagues or close friends are also invited to participate.

The cultural background, customs, origin, legends and culture of the winter solstice originated in the Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and has been passed down to this day. Lu even said that the winter solstice is as big as a year. This shows that the ancients attached great importance to the winter solstice. People think that the winter solstice is a natural transformation of yin and yang and a blessing from heaven. In the Han Dynasty, the winter solstice was the "Winter Festival", and the government held a congratulatory ceremony called "He Dong", which was a routine festival. There is such a record in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: "Before and after the winter solstice, a gentleman was prepared for danger in times of peace, refused to listen to politics, and chose an auspicious day to save trouble." So on this day, the imperial court had a holiday, the army was on standby, the frontier fortress was closed, the business trip was closed, relatives and friends sent meals to each other, visited each other, and had a "quiet" holiday happily.

In the Tang and Song Dynasties, the solstice in winter was the day of ancestor worship. On this day, the emperor went to the suburbs to hold a ceremony to worship heaven. On this day, people must worship their parents. There are still some places to celebrate the winter solstice.

One of the winter solstice legends

There used to be a saying in old Beijing that "winter solstice wonton, summer solstice noodles". According to legend, during the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu in the north often harassed the frontier, and the people were restless. At that time, there were two leaders, Xiongnu tribe and Tun tribe, which were very cruel. The people hated it, so they wrapped it into a corner with meat stuffing and called it "wonton" with the sound of "muddy" and "swallowing". I hate eating, and I want to quell the war and live a peaceful life. Because wonton was originally made on the winter solstice, every family eats wonton on the winter solstice.

Eating "frozen ears" is a common name for Henan people to eat jiaozi from the winter solstice. Why is there such a diet custom? According to legend, Zhang Zhongjing, a doctor from Nanyang, was an official in Changsha. When he retired in his later years, it was a snowy winter and the wind was biting. He was very sad when he saw the villagers on both sides of the Baihe River in Nanyang dressed in rags, and many people's ears were frozen rotten. He asked his disciples to set up a medicine shed in Guandong, Nanyang, and put mutton, peppers and some cold-dispelling herbs in a pot, fished them out and chopped them up, imaged their ears with leather bags, and then put them down in the pot to make a medicine called "cold-dispelling and ear-correcting soup" for the people. After eating it, the villagers' ears will be fine. Later, on the solstice of winter, people imitated and cooked, thus forming the custom of "pinching ears". Later, people called it "jiaozi", while others called it "flat food" and "instant noodle jiaozi". It is also said that people will not be frozen in jiaozi after eating the winter solstice.

The legend of winter solstice 2

It is said that the custom of eating dog meat on the solstice began in the Han Dynasty. According to legend, Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, ate dog meat cooked by Fan Kuai on the solstice in winter, which was particularly delicious and full of praise. Since then, the custom of eating dog meat from winter solstice has been formed among the people. Nowadays, people eat dog meat, mutton and all kinds of nutritious food on the solstice of winter, which is a good sign for the coming year.

The legend of winter solstice 3

In Jiangnan water town, there is a custom that the whole family get together to eat red beans and glutinous rice in the evening from winter to Sunday. According to legend, there was a man named Gong. His son was incompetent and evil. He died on the Winter Solstice. Become a plague ghost after death and continue to harm the people. However, this epidemic ghost is most afraid of red beans, so people cook red bean rice from winter solstice to drive away the epidemic ghost and prevent diseases.

Why is there a custom of eating jiaozi on the solstice in winter? In memory of Zhang Zhongjing

What do people do, what do they eat, and what are their customs? The winter solstice is actually not fixed every year. According to different years, it is generally fixed as 65438+February 2 1 or 22. Because its date is uncertain, it is also called "Live Festival". Every winter, solstice is celebrated in different ways in different places.

Family reunion.

As a major winter festival of the Chinese nation, the winter solstice is the most basic holiday custom for the whole family to get together for dinner. Relatives in a city get together and often get together in nursing homes to celebrate. If you are not in a city, you will call home to say hello.

Eat jiaozi.

This is the most common custom. Almost every household eats jiaozi on the solstice of winter. Flour and jiaozi flour are also the best sellers in supermarkets in the days before the winter solstice.

If you have a large family, you will pack more stuffing, jiaozi. Children will also want to eat jiaozi with candy or other interesting fillings.

Sacrificial activities.

Some old people will go back to their hometown to sweep their graves in winter, and those who are inconvenient to go back to their hometown will also make a small altar at home to put some jiaozi, wine, fruit and so on. To pay homage to the old man who died at home.

Drink mutton soup.

It is said that it was written by Fan Kuai, a general of the Han Dynasty. Eating more mutton in winter is conducive to strong internal fire and effective resistance to cold, which is the first choice for winter diet. In some places in Shandong, it is a local custom to drink mutton soup on the solstice in winter.

Ma Shu Tangyuan ...

The south is not as cold as the north. During the winter solstice, we will also eat some local specialties to welcome the arrival of the winter solstice. For example, glutinous rice balls, sweet potatoes and wine-fermented meatballs.

Food supplement.

The cold winter has really begun since the winter of November. Pay attention to diet, especially for women with cold body. Besides wearing warm clothes, we should also pay attention to eating foods rich in protein, carbohydrates and fat, so as to improve the energy of resisting the cold and spend the winter happily.