Accelerate the transformation of the mode of agricultural development and adhere to the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics how to do?

In the deep development of industrialization and urbanization, simultaneous promotion of agricultural modernization is a major task in the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, we must insist on solving the problems of agriculture, rural areas and peasants as the top priority of the work of the whole party, integrating the development of urban and rural areas, insisting on the policy of industry feeding agriculture, urban support for the countryside and more give, less take, more live. It has increased its efforts to strengthen agriculture and benefit farmers, strengthened the foundation of agricultural and rural development, raised the level of agricultural modernization and farmers' living standards, and built a better home for farmers to live happily.

Accelerating the development of modern agriculture. Adhere to the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics, guaranteeing national food security as the primary goal, accelerating the transformation of the mode of agricultural development, and improving the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture, its ability to resist risks, and its ability to compete in the market. Implement the national plan to add 100 billion kilograms of grain production capacity, and increase inputs and compensation for benefits in major grain-producing areas. Strictly protect arable land, accelerate rural land preparation and reclamation, and build large-scale high-standard farmland that can withstand drought and floods. It will promote agricultural science and technology innovation, improve the public welfare agricultural technology extension system, develop modern seed industry, and accelerate agricultural mechanization. Improve the modern agricultural industrial system, develop high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency, ecological and safe agriculture, promote horticultural products, livestock products, aquatic products on a large scale, accelerate the development of facilities for agriculture and agricultural products processing industry, circulation industry, and promote agricultural production and operation specialization, standardization, scale and intensification. Promote the construction of modern agricultural demonstration zones. Develop water-saving agriculture. Promote clean and environmentally friendly production methods and manage agricultural surface pollution.

Strengthen rural infrastructure construction and public **** services. In accordance with the requirements of promoting the integration of urban and rural economic and social development, improve the planning of the construction of new socialist countryside, and accelerate the improvement of rural production and living conditions. Rural infrastructure construction should focus on water conservancy, significantly increase investment, improve the construction and management mechanism, promote small reservoirs in danger of risk and reinforcement, accelerate the large and medium-sized irrigation supporting transformation, improve drought-resistant water source project construction, improve the rural small micro-water conservancy facilities, and comprehensively strengthen the construction of farmland water conservancy. It has continued to push forward the transformation of rural power grids, strengthened the construction of rural drinking water safety projects, highways and biogas, continued to renovate dilapidated rural houses, implemented rural clean-up projects, and carried out comprehensive improvement of the rural environment. It is improving the quality and balanced development of rural compulsory education, and promoting the process of free rural secondary vocational education. It will strengthen the construction of a three-tier medical and health service network in rural areas. It will improve the rural social security system and gradually raise the standard of protection. It will further promote development-type poverty alleviation, gradually raise the standards for poverty alleviation, increase investment in poverty alleviation, accelerate the solution of poverty problems in concentrated and contiguous areas with special difficulties, carry out orderly migration for poverty alleviation, and realize the effective convergence of the rural low income insurance system and poverty alleviation and development policies.

Broadening farmers' income-generating channels. Improve farmers' vocational skills and income-generating abilities, and increase their income through multiple channels. Encourage farmers to optimize their farming structure and improve their efficiency, improve the market system and price formation mechanism for agricultural products, and improve the support and protection system for agricultural subsidies, so as to increase farmers' income from production and operation. Guide the layout of the agricultural product processing industry in the production area, the development of rural non-agricultural industries, the growth of the county economy, and promote the transfer of employment of farmers to increase wage income.

Improving the institutional mechanism of rural development. Adhere to and improve the basic management system in rural areas, keep the existing rural land contract relationship stable and unchanged for a long time, improve the market for the transfer of the right to operate land contracts on the basis of voluntary compensation in accordance with the law and the strengthening of services, develop various forms of moderate-scale operation, support the development of farmers' professional cooperatives and leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, accelerate the improvement of the socialized agricultural service system, and increase the degree of organization of agricultural operations. It will improve the equal factor exchange relationship between urban and rural areas, and promote the use of land appreciation gains and rural deposits mainly for agriculture and rural areas. In accordance with the requirements of saving land and safeguarding the rights and interests of farmers, it has pushed forward the reform of the land requisition system, actively and steadily pushed forward rural land remediation, and perfected the mechanisms for the transfer of collectively operated construction land and the management of residential bases in rural areas. It has deepened the reform of rural credit unions, encouraged the establishment of community banks in counties where conditions are conducive, developed small rural financial organizations and microcredit, improved the agricultural insurance system, and improved rural financial services. It has deepened comprehensive rural reform, pushed forward the reform of collective forest rights and the forest rights system in state-owned forest areas, and improved the grassland contract management system. It has seriously summarized the pilot experience of comprehensive and complementary reforms in urban and rural areas, and is actively exploring new ways to solve the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.

First of all, it is necessary to enhance the sense of urgency to develop modern agriculture. To consciously put it in the first place in the construction of a new socialist countryside. The party's 17th National Congress report in the elaboration of how to integrate urban and rural development, promote the construction of a new socialist countryside stressed the need to take the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics The reason why we have to do so is because the agricultural abundance of a strong foundation, the development of modern agriculture is not only to comply with the objective trend of China's economic development, to promote the farmers to increase their income in the basic way, but also to improve the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture, and to consolidate the construction of the rural industrial base of an important Initiatives. In recent years, the city's agriculture has developed greatly, but is still the weak link of the national economy, agricultural development is facing new challenges and pressures. Our city situation determines the future development of agriculture is difficult to rely on increased inputs of natural resources, the way out lies only in relying on scientific and technological progress and improve the quality of farmers.

Secondly, we should clarify the basic connotation of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. There is no fixed pattern to achieve agricultural modernization, only from the actual starting point is the right choice for success. Comprehensive experience at home and abroad, combined with the current situation of China's agricultural development and basic national conditions, the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics should contain the following basic content: to ensure the supply of agricultural products, increase farmers' income, promote sustainable development as the goal, to improve agricultural labor productivity, resource productivity and commodity rate as a way to improve agricultural productivity, modern science and technology and equipment as a support, on the basis of the contractual management of the family, under the combined effect of the market mechanism and the government's control, to build the agricultural and industrial sector, to build the agricultural and industrial sector. Under the comprehensive role of the market mechanism and government regulation and control, to build a close convergence of agriculture, industry and trade, production, processing and marketing into one, diversified industrial forms and multi-functional industrial system.

Once again, to fully reflect the people-oriented philosophy of governance. The construction of new socialist countryside is a long-term and heavy historical task, the party's 17th National Congress report pointed out that to play the main role of hundreds of millions of farmers to build a new countryside. Only by responding to the aspirations and expectations of farmers, further relaxing relevant policies, arranging relevant matters, especially when it comes to construction projects in the village, consulting more with the masses of farmers, further improving the system of openness in village affairs, and effectively guaranteeing the masses' right to know, participate, express and supervise can we fully mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of the masses to provide a constant and powerful impetus to promote the construction of the new countryside. At the same time, governments at all levels, especially the county and township governments, to effectively change their functions, change management into service, and actively adjust the structure of financial expenditure, increase the support of agricultural funds and drive more social funds to the countryside; to increase the training of farmers, to improve the comprehensive quality of farmers; but also in the whole society to mobilize the masses, the countryside for the pairing of support support support, so that the construction of new rural areas to become a nation's people's * * * the same responsibility.

Fourth, we must strengthen the system and technical support. It is necessary to implement the strictest system of arable land protection, consolidate, improve and strengthen the policies of supporting and benefiting agriculture, and gradually achieve the goal of equipping agriculture with modern material conditions, transforming it with modern science and technology, leading it with modern development concepts, developing it with the cultivation of new types of farmers, raising the level of agricultural hydraulization, mechanization and informatization, increasing the output rate of land, the rate of utilization of resources and the productivity of agricultural labor, and improving the quality of agriculture, efficiency and competitiveness, and improve the quality and safety of agricultural products and the overall level of agriculture. In the specific work, in accordance with the principle of voluntary and remunerative in accordance with the law, to improve the land contract management right transfer market, so that the arable land to the rural cultivators and professional large-scale farmers to concentrate, and gradually realize a variety of forms of land on an appropriate scale of operation.

Fifth, we must develop agriculture with the concept of developing industry. First of all, the realization of agricultural modernization must improve the level of agricultural science and technology, through increased capital investment, the application of modern technology and equipment, moderate concentration of land and strengthen the organization and management to improve agricultural efficiency. Secondly, because the city's farmers generally smaller scale of operation, agricultural commodity rate and the allocation of agricultural resources to a lower degree of marketization, there is an urgent need to strengthen the market mechanism and the integrated role of government regulation. Again, must be built into a close convergence of agriculture, industry and trade, production, processing, marketing into one, diversified industrial forms and multi-functional industrial system, must vigorously develop farmers' professional cooperative organizations. At the same time, must guarantee the supply of agricultural products, increase farmers' income, promote sustainable development as the primary goal of promoting agricultural modernization.

The Basic Connotation of Agricultural Modernization and Its Characteristics

Agricultural modernization refers to the process and means of transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. In this process, agriculture is increasingly armed with modern industry, modern science and technology and modern economic management methods, so that the agricultural productivity of the backward traditional agriculture is increasingly transformed into the contemporary world advanced level of agriculture. Achieved this transformation process of agriculture is called agricultural modernization of agriculture. Agricultural modernization is a process, at the same time, agricultural modernization is a means.

ü Dynamic

Agricultural modernization is a relatively strong concept of relativity, its connotation with the technological, economic and social progress and change, that is, different connotations at different times, in this sense, agricultural modernization is only a staged goal, but not the ultimate goal, that is, in different periods of time should be selected at different stages of the goal and at different levels of the national economy level have That is to say, different stage goals should be chosen at different times and at different levels of the national economy with different forms of expression and characteristics. According to the historical process of modern agriculture in developed countries, agricultural modernization can generally be divided into five stages: the preparatory stage, the starting stage, the initial realization stage, the basic stage and the developed stage. A country or region to promote the process of agricultural modernization, it is necessary to analyze the level of regional socio-economic development, in particular, the current situation of agricultural development, and only in this way can we make decisions that are realistic and easy to operate.

ü Regional

The successful experience of modern agriculture in developed countries in the West is very rich, but they have their own historical background, level of economic development and ecological resource conditions. When we learn from the experience of modern agriculture in developed countries, we need to analyze the conditions for its realization. Because, agricultural production has strong regional characteristics, different countries have different regional characteristics, even if the same country in different regions, different areas of the same region, the conditions of agricultural production are very different. Therefore, the connotation of agricultural modernization has regional characteristics.

ü Cosmopolitan and epochal

With the gradual advancement of economic globalization, especially in the macro context of China's accession to the WTO, China's agriculture will be comprehensively integrated into the international market competition, and face challenges from both domestic and international markets. Therefore, in this sense, the need to stand in the height of globalization to analyze the modernization of agriculture, the regional agricultural modernization on the international stage, based on internationally recognized standards to judge whether the strategic goal of agricultural modernization has been achieved.

ü Holistic

Some scholars have suggested that agricultural modernization includes not only the modernization of agricultural production conditions, the modernization of agricultural production technology, and the modernization of the organization and management of agricultural production, but also the optimization of the way in which resources are allocated, as well as the institutional arrangements that go along with it. Therefore, in the process of promoting agricultural modernization, we should pay attention to the construction of "hardware" as well as the construction of "software", in particular, agricultural modernization must be coordinated with the industrialization of agriculture and the industrialization of the countryside, as well as with the reform of the rural system, the construction of the agricultural social service system and the construction of the market economic system. In particular, agricultural modernization must be coordinated with agricultural industrialization and rural industrialization, and coordinated with the reform of the rural system, the construction of the agricultural socialization service system and the construction of the market economic system. If the "software" construction is neglected, the "hardware" construction will not be successfully implemented and will not be able to play its due role. China's modernization of agriculture is essentially a fundamental transformation of traditional agriculture, greatly narrowing the gap with the developed countries in agriculture, in some areas to reach the world's advanced level, in general and on average, generally close to the level of developed countries. Although the conditions and circumstances of individual countries or regions vary and are not entirely comparable, they should be **** the same in terms of the most basic features, which are also recognized by the international community. To summarize, agricultural modernization is the process of equipping agriculture with modern industry, transforming it with modern science and technology, managing it with modern management methods, and improving the quality of farmers with modern scientific and cultural knowledge; it is the process of establishing a high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency agricultural production system, and building agriculture into a sustainable agriculture with significant benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits; and it is also the process of substantially increasing the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, Continuously increase the effective supply of agricultural products and the process of farmers' income.