Give examples to illustrate several stages of the development of chivalrous culture, martial arts and martial arts.

the first stage is the stage of ghosts and gods.

Since its chivalrous culture, it has reached its peak by returning to the Pearl Landlord.

In ancient times, there was a battle between Yue Nv and Duke Bai Ape, and in the Tang Dynasty, Nie Yinniang killed people with flying swords. "Water Margin" has the practice of entering Yunlong and the devil incarnate; There is a war between Kongtong School and Kunlun School in Pingjiang Buxiaosheng's works. There is the shushan war under the pen of the owner of huanzhu building; Wait a minute. Although they also use realistic martial arts as light weapons in conventional wars, they use ghosts and gods as heavy weapons, secret weapons and strategic weapons. When the fight is inextricably linked, please come up with a magic weapon to help. Although many of them are almost absurd, their imagination is very considerable, which has a great influence on later martial arts novels. Many people have talked about that they were influenced by the landlord who returned the pearl, and they used modern thinking to rationalize it, which is a new realm of martial arts.

the second stage is the poetic stage.

from Bai Yu to Bai Yu's successor Liang Yusheng.

Bai Yu uses idioms to name martial arts, which are elegant, poetic and literary. Liang Yusheng took a big step forward in this tradition and formed a combination of poetry and sword. For example, Gui Binge's martial arts in Liang's masterpiece The Legend of the Glacier Goddess, the weapon she used was the "ice cold light sword", hidden weapons was the "ice magic bullet", and the swordsmanship was the "glacier swordsmanship", which included six snowflakes coming out, water freezing, spring breeze thawing, crossing the river with a reed, rising at sea and hanging over the rainbow upside down in the "Dharma swordsmanship". Talented women, celebrities, romantic poems and swords, empty and bright, slow and leisurely, and open up a new realm for martial arts with poetic beauty.

the third stage is the artistic conception stage. The representative figure is Jin Yong.

Jin Yong fused the profound meaning of China culture into his martial arts, "creating a life with philosophical meaning. The description of martial arts with artistic poetry and flavor is the "artistic conception" of martial arts. Wen Rui' an said:

"Jin Yong's' artistic conception fight' is to write the artistic conception of' defeating the strong with weakness and winning without victory' in a simple way, which is full of philosophical meaning, but it can be appreciated by the public, so it is deeply loved by the public." . Wen Ruian's appendix "This Immortable Burning Fire" to "Seven Commandments", Changjiang Literature and Art Publishing House. In the final stage of Jin Yong, he also wrote that Wei Xiaobao, who is not good at martial arts, is actually better than Chen Jinnan, a superb martial arts master, which has risen from the philosophical artistic conception of martial arts to the philosophical artistic conception of rivers and lakes and history.

the fourth stage is the atmosphere stage.

after Jin Yong, there was Gu Long. If Jin Yong still mainly put pen to paper on the front, but never left the martial arts itself, Gu Long completely broke through this expression method. Gu Long and his successor and reformer (super-new martial arts novelist Wen Ruian) created a new situation of "atmosphere fighting".

Gu Long doesn't write about fighting at all. The decisive battle of the characters in his books is often just a flash of knife light. The results of the war are divided, and life and death are judged. " Completely abandon the emphasis on fighting description in traditional martial arts novels; However, before the decisive battle, Gu Long had successfully created an "imminent" tense atmosphere, which made the reader's mind tightly tied and only waited for the moment to vent. This kind of "atmosphere fighting" can be said to have created a precedent for martial arts novels.

("This Immortable Burning Fire"), the appendix of Wen Ruian's "Seven Commanders", page 71)

The reason for this situation is of course the result of innovation and change, and more importantly, because martial arts novels are actually a "credible and non-existent world", so-called credible, "because it has the truth of poetry". Wen Ruian, a cultural symbol, also said:

Martial arts novels are just like life, and fighting is just a personality. Real life is full of fighting, intrigue and intrigue, but in different ways. Therefore, martial arts novels only use symbolic techniques to express life, which has always been a reflection of real life. (same as above, page 711)

Based on this understanding, the two most important points of martial arts novels are that they should be symbolic and beautiful. Since fighting is not really about the reappearance of realistic martial arts.

It's just a beautiful symbol, so why not boldly make a reasonable imagination of "the truth of poetry" and show the characteristics of personality will in imagination. In this way, the specific moves of fighting naturally become unimportant. What matters is the momentum, atmosphere and result.

This enabled them to describe "Kung Fu is beyond poetry" outside of martial arts, surpassing the noumenon of martial arts and showing the magic of martial arts. Gu Long wrote about Xiao Li's throwing knives, but never wrote about what's special about its casting, its shape, how to handle it, and what's the internal skill. He only wrote that Li Xunhuan often used carving to stabilize his hands, and the result was naturally "Xiao Li's throwing knives, with no false hair". The significance here is: first, to leave readers more imagination space and suspense space, so that readers can follow the author's ideas; Second, Li Xunhuan sees the magical martial arts in the ordinary, which shows and symbolizes the great personality in the ordinary. The combination of the two gives a new understanding of martial arts and opens up a new world of martial arts description.

In these four stages, from the supernatural to the poetic to the artistic conception to the atmosphere, the "martial arts" of chivalrous culture, on the basis of imagination and symbol, gradually moved away from the reality of "martial arts" and stepped into a deeper level of fantasy, which is both philosophical and aesthetic.