1. What are the characteristics of China's cultural development during the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty? 2. What are the reasons for cultural development (during the period of Emperor Taizong)

1. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the national strength of the Tang Dynasty reached its peak, which was called "the flourishing age of Kaiyuan" in history. Yan Yu, a poetic theorist in Song Dynasty, once praised the poems before and after Kaiyuan with "the prosperous weather of Tang Dynasty". Poetry can best reflect the spiritual outlook of the prosperous Tang culture, that is, broad, broad and confident mind, grand, majestic and free and easy temperament. Because of this kind of mind and temperament, the culture of the Tang Dynasty reached the peak of development, not only in poetry, but also in painting, calligraphy, music, dance, prose, religion and thought.

The prosperity of culture is not only manifested in the perfect inheritance and development of its own traditional culture, but also in the absorption of foreign cultures and foreign cultures. The open national policy adopted by the Tang Dynasty not only consolidated and expanded the unified multi-ethnic country in the Tang Dynasty, but more importantly, the intersection of multi-cultures helped to promote the formation of cultural prosperity. The enterprising spirit of nomadic people, combined with the highly developed economy and culture of the Han nationality in the Central Plains, has produced great vitality, which makes the cultural character of the Tang Dynasty as a whole have a distinctive, high-pitched, unrestrained and warm temperament of the times. It is worth noting that the culture of the Tang Dynasty never gave up, denied or doubted the inherent culture when absorbing foreign cultures. On the contrary, local culture has always been the foundation and core of Tang culture.

This large-scale collection and absorption of foreign cultures and cultures in the Tang Dynasty is exemplary not only in the cultural history of China, but also in the cultural history of the world. In A Brief History of the World, British scholar Wells compared the differences between the Middle Ages in Europe and the prosperous Tang Dynasty in China, and thought: "When westerners' minds are fascinated by theology and are in ignorance and darkness, China people's thoughts are open and eclectic."

Tang Wenhua's unique temperament is the spirit of "eclecticism" and "tolerance is great".

2( 1) Especially political unity and stability.

(2) Economic development, mainly handicraft technology and urban commercial development.

(3) Enlightened and harmonious ethnic policy

(4) An open and compatible foreign policy

(5) The influence of the previous generation, especially the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, on the culture of the Tang Dynasty.