How to improve the solvency of enterprises

Question 1: What are the ways to improve the solvency of enterprises? Ways to improve the solvency of enterprises;

1. Pay attention to the improvement of asset quality. Under normal operating conditions, the total assets of an enterprise are generally greater than the total liabilities. Due to the restriction of asset quality, there are differences in liquidity, which leads to differences in solvency. Therefore, improving the quality of various assets is the basis for improving the solvency of enterprises.

First of all, we should strengthen the daily management of inventory, arrange production and sales, reduce the inventory of raw materials during normal production, vigorously sell finished products, and try our best to prevent inventory backlog. Because of the low liquidity of inventory itself, too much will occupy funds and directly affect the solvency; In addition, the management of accounts receivable should be strengthened. When selling on credit, we should carefully compare the cost of accounts receivable and the newly-increased profits, pay close attention to the credit status of relevant customers in time, supervise the recovery of accounts receivable, and formulate scientific and reasonable accounts receivable policies according to the differences of customers to prevent accounts receivable from being too large. We should also invest scientifically to buy assets during the hunger period. Before investing, we should carefully predict the prospect of the project, analyze the risks and benefits of investment, and avoid blind investment; When purchasing assets, it should be related to the actual needs of enterprises to prevent fixed assets from being idle and occupying funds. In short, in the daily operation and management, we should fully maintain the good quality level of various assets and lay a good foundation for improving the solvency of enterprises.

2. Scientific borrowing is closely related to optimizing capital structure and reducing financial risks.

At present, the market competition is particularly fierce, and many enterprises have a tight capital chain. There are many ways to borrow money in the capital market now, which is no longer a single way to borrow money from banks. You can borrow money from the capital market, use commercial credit, and even issue corporate bonds and introduce foreign capital. However, different financing methods have different costs, impacts on enterprise capital structure, risk degree and flexibility, which is also of great significance for changing enterprise capital structure.

If you borrow from a bank, you must be limited by both the capital position and the loan amount; Borrowing from the capital market, the funds raised by this channel may solve the urgent need, but the use time is generally not long and the capital cost is high; The use of commercial credit is not only low cost, but also very flexible, but requires enterprises to have a good reputation; Issuing corporate bonds can raise a lot of money, but it has a great impact on the capital structure of enterprises, which will lead to an increase in the proportion of liabilities in the capital structure of enterprises and an increase in financial risks of enterprises. If the borrowed funds are used reasonably, scientifically and managed properly, they can not only improve the solvency of the enterprise itself, but also make rational use of financial leverage and greatly improve the income of the enterprise.

Therefore, enterprises must make reasonable plans in advance, and carefully choose the most suitable financing method with the least risk according to the amount of loans, the term of liabilities, the urgency, structural characteristics and the affordable interest rate level, combined with their actual needs, affordability, possible future income and the impact of risks on their capital structure, etc.

3. Choose the correct borrowing method and make a reasonable debt repayment plan.

There are often many such situations around us. Many enterprises go bankrupt not because of insolvency, but because of the lack of reasonable arrangements, which leads to the inability to repay debts on time. A reasonable and scientific debt repayment plan should be made in advance. The normal management and capital operation of an enterprise should be closely related to the debt repayment plan. To make a debt repayment plan, the relevant information provided by the financial statements must be accurate and reliable. According to the relevant debt contracts and contracts, the specific maturity time, amount and interest of the debt are listed item by item, and each debt expenditure is corresponding to the corresponding funds in combination with the actual operation situation and capital income of the enterprise, so as to make a production and operation plan, and the debt repayment plan of the enterprise fully cooperates with the capital chain, so as to make the limited funds of the enterprise pass through time and conversion as much as possible.

In addition, for major special matters, such as external guarantees and pending lawsuits, once the expected liabilities become a reality, the original arrangements will be disrupted to a great extent, and the normal operation and capital chain of the enterprise will be greatly affected. Therefore, in-depth analysis should be made in advance to carefully evaluate the risks and feasibility. Once implemented, the emergency mechanism of enterprises should be established and improved.

Therefore, enterprises should have a full sense of hardship, attach importance to their own solvency, make scientific and effective analysis and decisions according to market rules, strive to improve their solvency, and lay a solid foundation for scientific and sustainable development. ...& gt& gt

Question 2: How to improve the solvency of enterprises, reduce the asset-liability ratio, and improve the current ratio and quick ratio.

Question 3: How to analyze the solvency of enterprises? Solvency refers to the ability of an enterprise to repay its due debts (principal and interest). Its analysis content should generally include short-term solvency analysis and long-term solvency analysis.

1. The main indicators of short-term solvency analysis are: current ratio, quick ratio and cash current debt ratio.

1, current ratio = current assets ÷ current liabilities. Generally speaking, the higher the current ratio, the stronger the short-term solvency of enterprises and the more secure the rights and interests of creditors. According to the long-term experience of western enterprises, it is generally considered that the ratio of 2: 1 is more appropriate.

2. Quick ratio = quick assets/current liabilities

Traditionally, western enterprises think that the quick ratio is 1, which is the safety standard. The so-called quick assets refer to the balance of current assets after deducting poor liquidity, unstable inventory, prepaid expenses and losses of current assets to be handled. Therefore, the quick ratio is more accurate than the current ratio, which can reliably evaluate the liquidity of enterprise assets and the ability to repay short-term debts.

3. Cash flow debt ratio = annual net operating cash flow ÷ current liabilities at the end of the year × 100%.

This indicator is to examine the actual solvency of enterprises from the dynamic perspective of cash inflow and outflow. Because there may not be enough cash to repay debts in the profit-making year, the cash flow debt ratio index based on cash basis can fully reflect the net cash flow generated by the business activities of the enterprise, ensure the degree of repayment of current current liabilities, and intuitively reflect the actual ability of the enterprise to repay current liabilities.

2. Analysis of long-term solvency includes: asset-liability ratio, property right ratio, multiple of earned interest, and long-term asset suitability ratio.

1, asset-liability ratio = total liabilities ÷ total assets

The smaller the ratio, the stronger the long-term solvency of the enterprise. If this ratio is large, from the perspective of business owners, investing with less self-owned funds to form more productive assets can not only expand the scale of production and operation, but also use financial leverage to obtain more investment profits under good operating conditions.

2. Property right ratio = total liabilities ÷ owner's equity

The lower the index, the stronger the long-term solvency of the enterprise, the higher the degree of protection of creditors' rights and interests, and the smaller the risk, but the enterprise can not give full play to the financial leverage effect of debt. Therefore, enterprises should comprehensively improve their profitability and solvency when evaluating whether the proportion of property rights is appropriate, that is, on the premise of ensuring the safety of debt repayment, increase the proportion of property rights as much as possible.

3. Earned interest multiple = earnings before interest and tax/interest expense.

This indicator not only reflects the profitability of enterprises, but also reflects the degree of guarantee of profitability to repay debts. It is not only the premise of debt management, but also an important symbol to measure the long-term solvency of enterprises. Its important enlightenment: in order to maintain normal solvency, in the long run, the multiple of interest earned should be at least greater than 1, and the higher it is, the stronger the long-term solvency of enterprises will be. If it is less than 1, the enterprise will face the risk of loss, and the security and stability of debt repayment will decline.

4. Suitability ratio of long-term assets = (owner's equity+long-term liabilities) ÷ (fixed assets+long-term investment) × 100%

From the perspective of balance and coordination between long-term assets and long-term capital, the long-term asset suitability rate reflects the stability of financial structure and the size of financial risks. This indicator not only fully reflects the solvency of enterprises, but also reflects the rationality of the use of funds. It is helpful to strengthen the internal management and external supervision of enterprises to analyze whether there are problems such as blind investment, long-term assets crowding out liquidity or insufficient use of liabilities.

Question 4: How to analyze the company's solvency? Solvency analysis includes short-term solvency analysis and long-term solvency analysis. Short-term solvency is mainly manifested in the relationship between the company's due debts and disposable current assets, and the main measurement indicators are current ratio and quick ratio. (1) current ratio is the most commonly used indicator to measure the short-term solvency of enterprises. The calculation formula is: current ratio = current assets/current liabilities. That is, to repay the short-term debts of enterprises with liquid assets with strong liquidity. It is generally believed that the minimum flow ratio is 2. However, the ratio should not be too high. If it is too high, it means that the current assets of enterprises occupy more, which will affect the efficiency of capital use and the profitability of enterprises. The high current ratio may also be due to the overstock of inventory, excessive accounts receivable, prolonged repayment period and increased prepaid expenses, while the funds and deposits that can really be used to repay debts are seriously insufficient. Generally speaking, business cycle, accounts receivable turnover rate and inventory are the main factors affecting the current ratio. (2) Quick ratio, also known as acid measurement ratio. The calculation formula is: quick ratio = quick assets/current liabilities. Quick assets refer to the balance of current assets after deducting inventory, sometimes deducting prepaid expenses and prepayments. The reason why quick assets deduct inventory is that the liquidation speed of inventory is slow, and there may be problems such as damage and pricing. Prepaid expenses and prepayments are expenses that have occurred and have no solvency, so prudent investors can also deduct them from current assets when calculating quick ratio. An important factor affecting the quick ratio is the liquidity of accounts receivable, which investors can consider together with the turnover rate of accounts receivable and bad debt provision. Generally speaking, the reasonable quick ratio is 1. Long-term solvency refers to the ability of an enterprise to repay its debts over 1 year, which is closely related to its profitability and capital structure. The long-term debt capacity of an enterprise can be analyzed by indicators such as asset-liability ratio, ratio of long-term debt to working capital, and interest guarantee multiple. (1) The asset-liability ratio is the ratio of total liabilities divided by total assets. For creditor investors, it is always hoped that the lower the asset-liability ratio, the better, so that their creditor's rights are more secure; If the ratio is too high, he will propose higher interest rate compensation. Stock investors are mainly concerned about the level of return on investment. If the corporate return on total assets is greater than the interest rate paid by corporate debt, then borrowing capital will bring positive leverage effect to equity investors, which is conducive to the maximization of shareholders' rights and interests. Reasonable asset-liability ratio is usually between 40% and 60%, and large enterprises are appropriately larger; However, the financial industry is quite special, and it is normal for the asset-liability ratio to be above 90%. (2) The ratio of long-term liabilities to working capital. The calculation formula is: the ratio of long-term liabilities to working capital = long-term liabilities/working capital = long-term liabilities/(working capital-current liabilities). Because long-term liabilities will be transformed into current liabilities over time, current assets must be able to repay long-term liabilities when they are due, in addition to meeting the requirements of repaying current liabilities. Generally speaking, if long-term liabilities do not exceed working capital, both long-term creditors and short-term creditors will feel safe. (3) The interest guarantee multiple is the total profit (pre-tax profit) plus the ratio of interest expense to interest expense. Its calculation formula: interest guarantee multiple = income before interest and tax/interest expense = (total profit interest expense)/interest expense. Generally speaking, the interest guarantee multiple of an enterprise should be at least greater than 1. The analysis is usually compared with the historical level of the company, so as to evaluate the stability of long-term solvency. At the same time, from the perspective of robustness, the data of the lowest year should usually be selected as the standard.

Question 5: How to improve the short-term solvency of enterprises? First, more profits;

Second, there is no credit;

The third is to increase long-term loans.

Question 6: How to enhance the company's solvency, reduce the asset-liability ratio, and improve the current ratio and quick ratio.

Question 7: What are the factors that affect the solvency of enterprises? The short-term solvency of a company is mainly determined by the relative ratio of current assets to current liabilities, the structure and liquidity of current assets, the types and term structure of current liabilities, which can be measured by indicators such as current ratio, quick ratio and ultra-quick ratio. At the same time, many factors are not reflected in the financial statements, which will also affect the company's short-term solvency. Investors can mainly analyze from the following aspects.

The main factors that can improve the company's short-term solvency are: (1) bank loan indicators that the company can use. Bank loans that have been approved by banks but have not been handled by the company can increase the company's cash at any time and improve the company's ability to pay. (2) Long-term assets that the company intends to realize soon. For some reason, the company may soon sell some long-term assets as cash to increase the company's short-term solvency. (3) the credibility of the company's debt repayment. If the company's long-term solvency is always good, that is, the company's credit is good, when the company has temporary difficulties in paying its debts in the short term, the company can quickly solve the short-term capital shortage and improve its short-term solvency by issuing bonds and stocks. This factor to improve the company's solvency depends on the company's own credit status and the financing environment of the capital market. The above three factors can make the actual solvency of the company's current assets higher than the level reflected in the company's financial statements.

The main factor that can reduce the company's short-term solvency is contingent liabilities. Contingent liabilities refer to the potential obligations formed by past transactions or events, and their existence must be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of uncertain events in the future; Or a current obligation formed by past transactions or events, the performance of which may not lead to the outflow of economic benefits from listed companies or the amount of the obligation cannot be reliably measured. Potential obligations refer to possible obligations whose results depend on uncertain future events. In other words, whether a potential obligation can be transformed into a current obligation can only be decided by the occurrence or non-occurrence of some future uncertainties. As a realistic obligation of contingent liabilities, its characteristics are that the performance of current obligations is unlikely to lead to the outflow of economic benefits from listed companies, or the amount of current obligations cannot be measured reliably. According to the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises, contingent liabilities cannot be recognized as liabilities, but should be disclosed as required. However, with the passage of time and the progress of the situation, the potential obligations corresponding to contingent liabilities may be transformed into current obligations, and the current obligations that were unlikely to lead to the outflow of economic benefits may also prove to be likely to lead to the outflow of economic benefits of listed companies, and the amount of current obligations can also be measured reliably. In this case, contingent liabilities will be converted into expected liabilities of listed companies and should be confirmed. This will reduce the company's solvency, or make the company into a debt crisis. Common contingent liabilities include: pending litigation or arbitration, debt guarantee and product quality guarantee.

Question 8: Among the following matters, () is helpful to improve the short-term solvency of enterprises. 10 will increase current liabilities and current assets at the same time, and the working capital will remain unchanged.

B will reduce the actual solvency of enterprises,

D will not improve short-term solvency.

Question 9: How to improve the company's long-term solvency, innovate independently, engage in brand strategy and occupy the market for a long time.

Question 10: How to judge the solvency of an enterprise? The asset-liability ratio is a bit high, and the return on net assets is not low. Like a growing company, it is risky. From these two indicators alone, solvency seems to be very poor, but look at its growth. If the industry is good, compare with peers. If it's not bad, it's ok.