Decoration of Jiajing Blue and White Porcelain in Ming Dynasty

Because Emperor Sejong believed in Taoism, Taoism prevailed all over the country, and patterns related to Taoism were also painted on blue and white porcelain. The layout and composition of decorative paintings are often rich and complex, lacking a sense of hierarchy, but the layout pays more attention to symmetry, which may be influenced by the patterns of silk fabrics in the Ming Dynasty. In painting techniques, double hook contour lines are often used to fill colors, also known as "double Gou Ping painting", which is meticulous and delicate, and the colors rarely overflow the contour lines, making the painting style more natural and freehand.

Common decorative patterns include gossip, clouds, gourd, babao, ruyi, Laozi's lecture, lotus tying and supporting babao, etc.

Character decoration is also a major feature, which was very popular throughout Jiajing Dynasty. Trees or branches are often distorted into words such as "Fu", "Shou", "Kang" and "Ning", and other blessing sentences are often used, such as "Good harvest", "Peace for the country and the people" and "Long live without borders", which are intended to whitewash peace.

Specific patterns also include: Yunlong, Dragonfly, Tuanlong, Tuanfeng, Crane, Kirin, Lion, Tiger, Eight Horses, Sheep, Marigold, Hippocampus, Ruishou, Deer, Butterfly, Fish Algae, Lotus, Lotus Pond, Twisted Ganoderma lucidum, Twisted Grape, Twisted Flower, Peony, Melon, Peach and Banana.

Dragon pattern: Longkou is like pig's trotters, and a few longkou are larger. For the first time, there was a front dragon, and the dragon body was weak. Dragons are mostly painted in a crawling shape, which can't compare with the momentum of Xuande.

Fish algae pattern: There were paintings as early as the Yuan Dynasty, which were widely used in Jiajing years. Only one crucian carp was painted in the early stage, and four kinds of fish (mackerel, white fish and crucian carp) were painted in the later stage. Most of the fish were fat and arranged around cans, bottles and bowls, with grass linings such as algae and lotus flowers in the middle.

Baby play pattern: it is a very distinctive pattern in Jiajing Dynasty. The children painted are all big heads and full of heaven, especially the back of the head is very big and there are bangs on the forehead. Some also painted three hairs small, wearing dark robes, short limbs, and the image is very cute.

Crane pattern: Usually several flying white cranes are painted with Xiangyun and Ganoderma lucidum. The pattern is dense and the composition layout is relatively symmetrical. Crane neck has a long neck and a curved neck. The crane has full wings and legs together, such as aerial ballet. Often painted on the belly of a bottle, the center of a dish or the outer wall of a bowl.

Jiajing dynasty also initiated a decorative method of "flowers holding true words". In addition, the sheep-themed "Three Sheep Open the Thai Map" also appeared in blue and white for the first time. Since Jiajing, the inscriptions on blue and white porcelain have increased dramatically. In addition to the year number, there are messages and auspicious words.

Jiajing official funds are mainly in six-character double-line regular script, including six-character single-line funds in Daming Jiajing Year, six-character ring funds in Daming Jiajing Year, four-character double-line double-circle funds in Jiajing Year, cross arrangement funds and Jiajing Year funds. There is a kind of six-character double-row column, which is mostly written on square objects.

There are four modes of folk kiln: Ming Jiajing year system, Ming Jiajing year system, Jiajing year system, annual system, annual system, rich and beautiful utensils, and top-grade beautiful utensils. The arts and crafts of the Ming Dynasty had a far-reaching influence on the Qing Dynasty and beyond, especially on ceramics. No matter in distant Iran or West Asia, the elegant style and soft colors of China blue and white are highly respected, and the influence of China porcelain is expanding with the progress of Iranian ceramic industry. By the late Ming Dynasty, China porcelain was sold to Europe in large quantities, which catalyzed the development of porcelain industry in Italy, Holland and other countries. At that time, China porcelain, such as blue and white porcelain and Dehua white porcelain, was often regarded as a model of European soft porcelain.