What is Kendo like?

Kendo is a traditional Japanese martial art with competitive equipment. Formal competitions are usually held indoors, and because the competitors are barefoot, the quality of the wooden flooring of the venue is very high. The contestants compete one-on-one, both wearing kendo uniforms and protective gear, holding bamboo swords, and striking each other's effective parts according to the rules, with the referee counting the number of points to determine the winner. Can also be held in groups, by the number of players equal to the group of both sides were one-on-one to determine the winner after the calculation of the total score.

The term "Kendo" first originated from the ancient Chinese book "Wu Yue Chun Qiu" (The Spring and Autumn Annals of Wu Yue) during the pre-Qin period. As early as during the Han Dynasty, there were exchanges of weapons and smelting and casting techniques between China and Japan. At the same time, the two-handed swordsmanship, which was inherited from China, spread to Japan during the Sui and Tang dynasties through the official exchanges between Japanese ambassadors and Tang envoys and mainland China, as well as through private exchanges between the Korean Peninsula and the coastal areas of the mainland and the Japanese archipelago. After years of war in Japan, the sword method evolved, and in the Edo period of Japan, which was becoming more stable, the basic form of kendo guards and bamboo swords were made in imitation of the style of Japanese armor, and the prototype of sports kendo was established in the future.

In general, kendo (剣道)(けんどう)(kendou) refers to modern kendo, also known as sports kendo. It is a modern martial art and sports competition that has been adapted to the development of society. Traditional kendo, called kenjutsu (剣術), (けんじゅつ), is the "real" katana fighting technique used by ancient Japanese samurai in battle.

Another important difference between kendo and kenjutsu is that kendo is usually trained with a shinai (bamboo sword) (Shi Na I), whereas kenjutsu is usually trained with a katana (katana) (which may be unopened for safety). Kendo, Iaido, Battoujutsu, and Zendo are all offshoots of the ancient martial arts of kendo (i.e., sword fighting).

Rumors of the origin

I. Hidetori, Nara, and Heian Dynasties - Rumors of the origin of Kendo in Japan The first three levels of Kendo were created by the people who created the three levels of Kendo, "Tien-Tien-Ren," or the upper, middle, and lower levels. The first person to create the three levels of kendo, "Tien Tien Ren" or "Upper, Middle, and Lower", is said to have been "Nihon Budo", the son of Emperor Kagemusha of Japan, at the beginning of the second century. This story was recorded in the first books of Japan, the "Ancient Scribe" and the "Japanese Scribe," which were completed six hundred years later (712), but most of the contents of the books are myth-like legends, and their contents are doubtful. In the middle of the fourth century, Kokuma Makoto of Kashima, Hitachinokuni, created the sword technique of "Shinmyo Ken," which became known as "Kashima no Taijutsu," and many later schools originated from it. At the end of the eighth century, Emperor Hwanmu's court doctor, Waki Kiyomo, built the Budokuden Hall, where martial artists practiced martial arts, starting with Emperor Hwanmu to the successive "Heian Dynasty" emperors, and held the "Tennen Tournament" here on May 5 every year.

The beginnings of ancient kendo

The end of the Heian Dynasty and the Kamakura period - the beginnings of ancient kendo At the beginning of the 11th century in the middle of the Heian period, the experience of fighting on the battlefield in the past led to the discovery that the use of chopping and chopping on a horse in combat was more advantageous than stabbing, and in order to make it easier to pull out the sword, the original one-handed use, mainly stabbing, chopping and chopping, and the use of the sword was changed to the use of one-handed, mainly stabbing, stabbing and chopping. In order to make it easier to draw the sword, they changed the original three-foot double-edged straight sword, which was used with one hand, mainly for stabbing and secondarily for chopping, into a single-edged scimitar, which was used with both hands, mainly for chopping and secondarily for stabbing, and this became the prototype of today's "Nihonbutsu" (Japanese Sword). The end of the Heian period to the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate, Japan's civil war for many years objectively promote the progress of the ancient swordsmanship, set off the first revolution in ancient swordsmanship, many famous swordsmanship martial arts, which is represented by: Zhenxi Hachiro source for the Chao, sword skills over the so-called "Western Frontier, the first" of the Naisi, the reinvention of the The "yin-yang" or "left-right" two ranks, together with the original "upper, middle and lower" five rank configuration, became the norm for later generations. Minamoto no Yoshitsune (nicknamed Ushiwakamaru), whose father, Minamoto no Yoshitomo, was killed by Taira Kiyomori during the Heiji Rebellion, and whose mother was taken captive and made a concubine. Yoshitsune was spared from death, and was placed under house arrest at Kama-ji Temple in Yamashiro Province, where he studied and practiced martial arts. One day, in a valley in the back of the mountain, he meets a foreigner who calls himself "Tengu" and teaches him the art of swordsmanship. Yoshitsune incorporated this technique into the use of the Japanese sword, and it became the unified swordsmanship of the Minamoto family. This technique was then passed down to his disciples, the Yadayas of Mokichi Hogen, who became known as the "Kyohachi Ryu" or "Kadoma Ryu", and its tributaries have been passed down to the present day. After the establishment of the Kamakura Shogunate (1185-1333), Japan's first military regime based on the samurai class, the role of military power and martial arts in stabilizing society was strongly promoted, and swordsmanship, archery, and horsemanship were the three main martial arts during this period. The development of swordsmanship and other martial arts was profoundly influenced by Zen Buddhism. The combination of Zen concepts of nature, life and death, and the philosophy of life with the lifestyle of the samurai class gave the ancient art of swordsmanship a unique philosophical connotation and educational effect. During this period, with the development of swordsmanship, many "martial arts halls" and "schools" with their own distinctive characteristics sprang up for the purpose of teaching martial arts. At the same time, sword techniques and tools for attack and defense also advanced, and thick armor was worn to defend against powerful arrows on the battlefield. And once it came to white-knuckle combat, in order to deal with this kind of armor, it was necessary to put a three-foot or more, or even four to five-foot-long taijutsu, with the tip of the sword angled to the right or the left, and then raise the sword to slash down from diagonally above to diagonally below or to swing down from diagonally below to diagonally below, and that is why there was a "wakizutsu" configuration.

Further Development

Three: Muromachi and Warring States Periods - Further Development of Ancient Kendo The centuries-long Warring States Period at the end of the Muromachi Shogunate greatly contributed to the development of the ancient art of swordsmanship. After the introduction of the fire-rope gun to Japan in 1544, the heavy armor lost its protective power, and light armor that was easy to move in and out of was used instead, and the size of the swords was shortened as well. The sword was shortened in size, and the blade (which was hung horizontally on the belt with the blade down) was changed to one that was inserted diagonally on the belt with the blade upward. Sword techniques were also based on attacking the neck, throat, waist, armpits, femurs, and joints of the hands and feet, which were not protected by the armor. In this era, swordsmanship was practiced with real swords, katanas (swords that were forged without a blade), and wooden swords as a "type" of practice. The first great swordsman, Morinotsugu Uesumi Ise, invented the "Bag Bamboo Sword," which was a three-foot-long bamboo blade that was cut into four, eight, sixteen, or thirty-two pieces one by one in the direction of the tip of the blade from the hilt, and then covered with a bag of thick cottonwood cloth to make a "Bag Bamboo Sword" that was used for practicing by hitting each other with a plain face and hands, but this blade was used for the practice of sword-fighting until the later generations, except for the Shinyin-ryu, which was passed down to the later generations.

The ancient bamboo sword was made of cotton cloth, which was used as a bag to hold it, so that it could be practiced directly against one another.

The maturity of ancient kendo

Fourth, the Edo period - the maturity of ancient kendo and the transition to modernization After the Warring States period, through the Momoyama period to the Edo period, the world's great swordsmen came out in large numbers, and the prosperity of the martial arts reached the highest tide. The martial policy of the Tokugawa Shogunate made it possible to preserve and further develop the fruits of the development of swordsmanship in the Azuchi-Momoyama period, and around 1764, Nakanishi Tadazo invented the face, torso, and small hand sheaths in imitation of helmets, chest protectors, and hand cages, and made the bamboo blade from bamboo by cutting bamboo into four pieces, and adding the first leather, the middle knot, the silk, the hilt leather, and the blade, and then limited it to striking anywhere under the protection of the sheaths. The practice and competition of swordsmanship at that time was the prototype of modern "Kendo". However, each school of swordsmanship still retained its own original "type" of swordsmanship, so the actual combat with real swords, still need to be supplemented by the type of practice, to the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate, the world's swordsmanship schools, up to more than two hundred streams. The great swordsman Chiba Suzaku summarized the "Sword Art Technique 68 Hands" on the basis of his predecessors, and improved and used the bamboo sword of the Chinese and Western school of protective gear for daily practice, marking the completion and maturity of the ancient system of kendo, and at the same time, adding a strong artistic color to kendo. After the Meiji Restoration and the abolition of clans and prefectures, the samurai lost their masters and became ronin, and the ban on carrying swords in 1876, except for soldiers and police officers, made it necessary for samurai to turn to agriculture and commerce in order to make a living, but because they were not good at what they did, they were often left in a state of poverty with no means of food and clothing. As a result of this, the local dojos gradually declined, and the succession and development of the art of swordsmanship was put in a difficult situation. When the Southwest War broke out in the 10th year of the Meiji era, the police department, which had gradually realized that swordsmanship was still an important military power and the core of the traditional spirit of the nation, such as bushido, recruited swordsmen from all over the country and organized the "Battousai" to crush Saigo Takamori, and in the 12th year of the Meiji era, JCH formally started to practice swordsmanship. "The method of "winning and losing three times" was firstly developed, and one style was adopted from each of the ten streams such as Naoshin Kage Ryu, Anma Ryu, Hiyama Ryu, Tateyama Ryu, Ichiban Ryu, Chuanyu Ryu, Zigen Ryu, Wunen Ryu, Yanagi Ryu, and Mirror New Akechi Ryu, etc., which was later adopted by police schools all over the country.

Modern kendo is the most popular form of kendo in the world.

The emergence and development of modern kendo

V. Meiji Era, Taisho Era, Showa Era - The emergence and development of modern kendo Meiji Era 1895 (28th year of the Meiji Era) - In the 28th year of the Meiji Era, martial artists from all over the world held a Budo Festival in the Heian Jingu Shrine in Kyoto, and reconstructed the Budo Hall and established the "Dai Nippon Budokai" (Great Japan Budo Association). "Dai Nippon Budokai" was established. August 1905 (Meiji 38) - Kyoto Martial Arts Teachers Training Institute was established 1911 (Meiji 44) - The Martial Arts Teachers Training Institute was renamed Martial Arts Specialized School, and at the same time, Kendo became a regular subject in the old system of high schools. Taisho ~ Showa Era 1920 (8th year of the Taisho Era) - Referring to the method of changing "Jujutsu" to "Judo" in the Dodokan, "Fencing", "Kendo", etc. were called "Kendo". "Kendo" was gradually introduced. At the same time, the old methods of practice were reformulated and improved so that Kendo could be preserved and promoted. In May 1929, the first Kendo Tenten覧 trial was held. In May 1934, the second Kendo Tenten覧 trial was held. In June 1940, the Kendo Tenten覧 trial was held for the "2600th year of the Imperial Era. In this era, on the one hand, kendo was revived and developed, but on the other hand, the spirit of kendo was utilized by militarism as a convenient tool of war, which was a major cause of the tragedies of World War II, such as the "Banzai Raid" and the "Tamashii". After World War II, on November 6, 1945, the General Headquarters of the Occupation Forces banned martial arts in schools (GHQ Budo Prohibition Order). August 25, 1946 (Showa 21): Kendo was restricted from being practiced as a social sport. 1946 (Showa 21) - 1947 (Showa 22): The Dai Nippon Budokai was disbanded. March 5, 1950 (Showa 25): The All Japan Furyu Athletic Federation was established. On October 14, 1952 (Showa 27), the All Japan Kendo Federation was formed. On May 19, 1953 (Showa 28), the Ministry of Education and Culture lifted the ban on kendo as a social sport. On March 14, 1954 (Showa 29), the All Japan Zugen Athletic Federation and the All Japan Kendo Federation were united to form the All Japan Kendo Federation. After the defeat in World War II, the General Headquarters of the Japanese Occupation Forces recognized kendo as a cruel and horrible martial art, and banned the practice of kendo, along with shooting and Singijutsu, and confiscated and burned all of the protective equipment owned by the general public. Later, Mori Shunzo and others came forward and refuted, saying, "Kendo is not, as your ministry thinks, exclusively a skill for the purpose of learning to kill, but it contains a higher spiritual meaning, which is that, by practicing the attacking and defending techniques of the ancient streams, one can not only improve the metaphysical physical fitness, strength, health, and longevity, but also have the metaphysical skills of observing, understanding, judging, judging, thinking, exercising restraint, being courteous, being faithful, and being kind and caring, Therefore, is it not against the spirit of freedom of democracy for your ministry to prohibit it? Moreover, in this age of atomic weapons, isn't it a very ridiculous thing to be afraid of this kendo and to prohibit it, and is it not a very ridiculous thing to be afraid of it, and is it not a fallacy of shallow thinking?" After the above rebuttal, the ban on kendo was lifted. In Showa 24, the first post-war National Kendo Competitors' Rights Convention was held, and a request was made to the headquarters, but it was not formally approved, but it was not prohibited, so it was held with what was tantamount to "tacit approval".

All Japan Kendo Federation

After the establishment of the All Japan Kendo Federation in 1954, the Federation contributed greatly to the revival and modernization of kendo, and in 1975 it redefined the purpose of modern kendo as: "To train the body and mind, to build up a strong spirit, and to improve one's sword skills through correct and strict training, To cultivate a sense of etiquette and honor, to learn to treat others with sincerity, and to improve the practitioner's cultural cultivation; so as to enable the practitioner to love his country and society, and to make a wide range of contributions to the advancement of human society."

What you need

First of all, there are the kendo costumes (the judges are very concerned about the costumes in every examination, because they are part of the "ritual" of kendo). Kendo clothes are divided into two parts: the kendogi (upper body) and the hakama (lower body), which are usually made of indigo cloth and cotton. Secondly, there are the tools (Kendo does not use real swords, but bamboo swords are used in sparring, but they are symbolic of real swords). Bamboo swords, or wooden swords, are one of the most basic tools of Kendo, and they are classified according to their shape, center of gravity, etc., into the categories of "katana" and "koboshi", as well as "combat". Bamboo swords are categorized according to their shape, center of gravity, and other differences into "katana", "ancient swords", and "combat swords", etc. The quality of the swords also varies depending on the bamboo blade itself. Wooden swords are generally only used for Kendo Kata practice, where the practitioner learns how to use the sword, and are not used in actual combat. Lastly, there is the kendo guard (which is used to protect the body, especially the striking parts, and is very safe) The kendo guard consists of four parts, from top to bottom: MEN: protects the head, throat, and shoulders DOU: protects the chest and abdomen KOTE: protects the backs of the hands, and the fists TARE: protects the lower body The four parts of the guard protect the four striking parts of the body in the practice of kendo are: MEN (top of the head), KOTE: protects the backs of the hands, and the fists: MEN (head), KOTE (small arm), DOU (abdomen), TSUKI (throat)

Kendo is a martial arts sport, the initial learning more need to use physical strength to perform sword skills, when the technology is mature, it is more intelligent strategy to win, so the teaching needs to be different from person to person, to give the appropriate time and number of practice. However, the learning attitude must be strict and serious in order to get substantial results. For beginners, the training should start with decomposition movements, then move from single strikes to continuous strikes, and then gradually move into chained exercises, and then move into intensive impact training. If you find that you have difficulty in learning any of the movements during the training period, you should be given individualized instruction. In this way, we can evolve into a comprehensive practice and skillfully combine counter-attacking movements into the practice, and then expand it into mutual confrontation to heart-to-heart attack and defense confrontation. Furthermore, one's mind should be clear when training, and one should constantly think and analyze what the opponent's next move will be. When you get to a certain point, you can visualize your opponent's moves in your mind, and that's what is known as meditation. Skillful and over 55 years of age

Editing the names of basic kendo strikes

Basic Strikes

Men-Uchi (Men-Uchi) Kote-Uchi (Kote-Uchi) Do-Uchi (Do-Uchi) Throat-stabbing (Tsuki) Suburi (Surburi) Kirikaeshi (Kirikaeshi) Touki (Tai-Tari)

The basic strikes are the following. )

Face Attacks

Nobi-Men (NOBI) Suriage-Men (SURIAGE-MEN) Kote-Men (KOTE-MEN) Men-Men (MEN-MEN) Tsuki-Men (TSUKI-MEN) Katate-Men (KATATE-MEN) Hiiki-Men (HIKI-MEN) Men-Suriagi-Men (MEN) SURIAGI-MEN) MEN-SURIAGI-DO) MEN-NUKI-DO) MEN-KAESHI-DO) MEN-KAESHI-MEN)

Abdominal Attacks

Picking the Abdomen (HARAI-DO) Rubbing the Abdomen (SURIAGE-DO) Hand Strikes (HIKI-MEN) SURIAGE-DO) Hand Strike to the Belly (KOTE-DO) Face Strike to the Belly (MEN-DO) Retreat Strike to the Belly (HIKI-DO) Abdominal Return Strike to the Face (DO-KAESHI-MEN) Abdominal Drop Strike to the Face (DO-UCHIOTOSHI-MEN)

Hand Attacks

Hand Strike to the Hand (HARAI-KOTE) Touch Hand (DE-KOTE) Scrape Hand (DE-KOTE) Scrape Hand (DE-KOTE) Scrap Hand (DE-DO) KOTE) Scrubbing Hand (SURIAGI-KOTE) Stabbing Hand (TSUKI-KOTE) Retreating Hand (HIKI-KOTE) Hand Scrubbing Hand (KOTE-SURIAGE-MEN) Hand Scrubbing Hand (KOTE-SURIAGE-KOTE) Hand Plucking Hand (KOTE-NUKI-MEN) Hand Returning Hand (KOTE-) Hand Scrubbing Hand (KAESHI-KOTE) Hand Scrubbing Hand (KOTE-NUKI-MEN) Hand Returning Hand (KOTE-NUKI-MEN) Hand Returning Hand (KOTE-NUKI-MEN) KAESHI-KOTE) Hand Drop Strike Face (KOTE-UCHIOTOSHI-MEN)

Throat Attacks

Two Handed Strike (MOROTE-TSUKI) One Handed Strike (KATATE-TSUKI) Strike Strike (UTSU-TSUKI) Strike Scratch Face (TSUKI-SURIAGE-MEN) Strike Drop Strike Face (TSUKI-SURIAGE-MEN) Strike Drop Strike Face (TSUKI-SURIAGE-MEN) Strike Drop Strike Face (TSUKI-SURIAGE-MEN) Strike (TSUKI-UCHIOTOSHI-MEN)

Effective Striking Points and Judgement

The effective striking points of Kendo are the face (including the front, left and right), the throat, the abdomen (left and right), and the hands (left and right wrists), all of which are the most important parts of the body. Judgment Determination: The determination of the so-called effective strikes is based on the conformity of conditions such as momentum, spacing, opportunity, striking position, striking power, and so on, when striking, to determine whether it is an effective strike or not. How to Appreciate and Watch Kendo In fact, kendo is only a means to an end, and the confrontation between the two sides before they strike is a heart-to-heart battle, so appreciating and watching kendo can be viewed from both the external technical and internal psychological aspects. In terms of technique, the movements are smooth and graceful, and the momentum and spirit are full of energy, showing a strong and energetic performance. In terms of psychology, it is important to look at the emotional performance of the opponent to see if he or she is calm or impatient, if he or she has a keen and correct judgment during the fight, and how to take appropriate countermeasures, such as "pre-emptive", "wait for the enemy to win" or "counterattack" tactics. The use of tactics such as "preemptive strike", "wait to win" or "counter-attack" will show the wisdom and training of the sword practitioner.

Edit Common Kendo Terms

(Chinese/Japanese)

Common Terms

Ashi (あし) foot, foot Ashi sabaki step, slide step Ayumi ashi step, slide step (alternating legs) Bokken 木刀 Bokuto 木刀 Budo Lit. Chaku za Sit (Seiza) Chigawa Leather loops on either side of the do Chika ma Close distance Chudan no kamae Mid-distance knife wielding Dan Duan Debana waza Refers to performing an action before the opponent does (Shizen no Shizen?). Do Chest/waist protector Dogu Generalized protector (Men, Kote, Do, etc.) Dojo Dojo Domo arigato gozaimasu Thank you very much Dotatsu (Effective) Strike Fumi komi ashi Leaping step Gedan no kame Lower section of the sword Hai (はい) Yes, good Hajime Beginning Hakama Dojo pants (skirt?) Harai waza Technique of sweeping the opponent's bamboo sword out of the center Hasso no kamae Guard position with shinai held vertically Hiki waza Retreating technique Himo Rope (Men Himo, Do Himo, etc.) Hiraki ashi Steps to move to either side Isoku Itto no maai One-step striking distance Jigeiko Free practice (generally refers to sparring where techniques are used freely) Jodan no kamae Upper holding of the sword Jogeburi Stretching of the sword, swinging it from a very high place to a very low place Joseki Higher place Kaeshi waza A counter-attacking technique that utilizes the force of the opponent's attack (the latter first?). Kakari geiko) Kakari geiko Continuous practice (usually refers to certain forms: Men, Kote-Men, Men-Hiki-Men, done in succession) Kamae (te) Stance (usually a mid-stance command) Kamiza Seat of the Diety (God) Kata Kendo-kata Katana Samurai sword (taijutsu) Katsugi waza Shoulder the shinai technique Keiko practice Keikogi Excercise jacket Kensen Tip of the bamboo sword Ki Aura, spirit Kiai Shouting (Men, Kote, Do, Tsuki, etc.) Kihon Basics Kiri kaeshi Kendo Kiri kaeshi (切返?Men, Sayu-Men*9, Men, Sayu-Men*9, Men) Ko (こ)小的 Kodachi 小太刀 Kote 腕 Kyu 初学者的段位 Men head, helmet Men buton 頭部，头盔 Men buton 頭盔中的保护作用的垫垫 Men gane 頭盔上的金属条 Metsuke 目光，對视（眼神的沟通） Mokuso 瀋沈 Mokuso Contemplation, meditation (when seated) Mune Chest Nanane buri Side to side suburi Nakayui Leather rope in the middle of a bamboo sword Nidan waza 2-step technique Nuki waza Technique for dodging an opponent's attack (shinobu shin?) O same to Recovering the blade Oji waza Defensive technique Okii large Okuri ashi Right foot in front of the step (slide) Onegaishiimasu Please take care of me Rei bow Sakigawa Leather sheath at the tip of the bamboo blade Sandan waza 3-step technique Sayu men Side to side attack Men Seiza Shoza Seme Using your own Bamboo Blade Destroying Opponent Bamboo Blade in the Middle Sempai Senpai Sensei Sensei Seretsu Standing in Line, Parade Shiai Match Shiai jo Match Field Shikake waza Offensive Technique Shinai Bamboo Blade Shizentai Natural Stance, Normal Standing Position Sho men Team Spirit Shomen Positive, Middle Men Striking Sonkyo Formal crouching position Suburi Pan-directed sword Suki Omission (an unguarded area: a wide open door?) Suriage waza Technique to disrupt the opponent's mid-stance and then attack Tai Body Taiatari Body clash Tare The guard that goes in the pouch Tenogui Turban Tenouchi Technique to stop the shinai To ma Outside distance Tsuba The circular object on the blade that protects the hand. Tsuba dome The rubber sleeve of Tsuba on the bamboo sword Tsubazeriai Sword guard against sword guard Tsuka The handle of the bamboo sword, where the hand holds the sword Tsuki The throat guard (integrated with Men), the technique to attack the throat Tsuru The line of the bamboo sword Uchi Cutting, swinging Uchi ki, the line of the bamboo sword Uchi Chopping, swinging Uchi komi geiko Practitioner's technique of attacking the opponent's specially exposed area Uchiotoshi waza Technique of knocking the opponent's bamboo sword down Waki no kamae Guard position with shinai held to the back Waza Technique of Yame stopping Zanshin Knowledge of the surroundings and the opponent's current situation (Mutilated Heart) Zanshin Understanding of the opponent's current situation (mutilated heart?)

Match terminology

Ari (Men/Kote/Do/Tsuki) to score points; e.g. Men Ari! Encho to prolong a match Gogi (between referees) to discuss Hansoku Fouls (1/2 point) Hantei Referee's decision Hikiwake Tie Ippon 1 point Ippon gachi 1 point for a win Match Nihonme (for the second point) starts Shimpan referee Shimpan cho Match director Shimpan shunin Referee Shobu (for the deciding point) starts Shobu ari Match ends with the winner (referee raises the hand of the winner's side) Wakare Split Yuko dotatsu Effective Attacks Senpo First of team Shichi (Nana) 7 Hachi 8 Kyu 9 Ju 10

Edit Kendo Kata

The study of Kendo Kata increases the understanding of the basic comprehensive theory of Kendo. The principles of kendo include the concept of how to use the sword correctly, the grip of the sword, the body posture, the fighting stance, the body distance, the fighting technique, the correct timing of strikes, the chi-saber body, the three kills, the ki, the breathing, and so on, which are all essential for learning to move from the simple to the complex kendo maneuvers. In addition, if you know about the creation of Kendo Kata and how it was developed, and if you know about Bushido, the spirit of Bushido, and how the ancient warriors practiced it, you will be able to take your spiritual training to the next level. Furthermore, Kendo Kata is selected as the most basic of all Kendo techniques, in other words, it consists of correct strikes, smart movements, learning to control spacing, ki, and correcting bad habits.

Editing the Rules of Kendo Competition

Chapter 1: General Rules

* Requirements for the competition ground: The competition ground shall be a wooden boardwalk; the competition ground shall be a square or rectangle between 9-11m wide (including the width of the ground line); a cross shall be drawn in the center of the ground, and two "start lines" shall be drawn on both sides of the cross, equal to the distance of the cross; the start line shall be the same as the distance of the cross, and the start line shall be the same as the distance of the cross. A cross is drawn in the center of the field with two "start lines" on either side of the cross, equal to the distance of the cross; there should be a space of 1.5m wide beyond the edge of the field; the ground line should be 5-10cm wide and white; * Bamboo Sword Requirements: Bamboo swords for competitions can only be made of bamboo or fibers approved by the Nippon Kendo Grand Federation. It is also important to note that nothing other than Sakigawa (a piece that holds the tip of the sword in place) and Chigiri (a piece of iron that connects the 4 pieces of bamboo) may be hidden inside the sword. The specifications of the bamboo swords are in accordance with the rules of the General Assembly. The Tsuba (blade) must be round and not exceed 9cm in diameter. Size: Adult Male 39 (A/AA/AAA), Female 38 (A/AA/AAA) * Kendo Equipment Requirements: Kendo equipment shall include "face", "small hand", "torso", "body" and "sword". Kendo equipment requirements: Kendo equipment shall consist of "face", "small hand", "torso" and "drape"; * Kendo clothing requirements: Kendo clothing shall consist of: blouse and Hakama; Name bag shall be placed outside the drape; Competitors shall wear a red/white, 70cm long and 5cm wide strip of cloth at the intersection of the torso ropes to identify the two sides of the match. The competitors shall wear a strip of red/white cloth, 70cm long and 5cm wide, at the intersection of the carcass ropes to identify the two sides.

Chapter 2 : Rules of the Game

* Duration of the Game: A regular game shall be 5 minutes with a 3-minute overtime. Time will be suspended when the referee declares a valid score and when the game is suspended. * HOW WINNERS ARE DETERMINED: Most games are 3-point games, but sometimes, due to time constraints, they may be 1-point games. In a 3-point game, the winner is the player who scores 2 points first; in addition, if a player scores a point first, and then the opponent does not score a point, the player who scores a point wins the game; if the game is not decided within the legal time, the winner is the player who scores the first point in the overtime game. If there is no overtime, the winner is determined by the referee; or by drawing lots; or by declaring a tie. In a team game, the team with the most winners is the winner. If the number of winners is the same, the team with the most points will win. If the number of winners is equal, the team with the most points will win. If the number of points is also equal, each team will send a representative to decide the winner. If the game is played according to the Kachinuki (胜抜き) method, when the two teams play each other, the winning team may continue to play the next game against the other opponent until one of the teams has defeated all of its opponents first, which will be the winning team. * STARTING, TERMINATION AND SUSPENSION OF MATCH: The referee shall call for the start, suspension, continuation and stoppage of the match. Any referee may call for a suspension of play, after which the referee in chief shall call for a continuation. If a player is unable to continue due to an accident or other principle, the player may raise his hand to indicate to the referee the reason and ask for a pause. Pause (yame): When the referee calls for a pause, the competitor should return to the starting line and wait for the referee's instructions. Gogi: This is the term used when the referee suspends the game to deliberate on the decision, and the players are required to return to the ends of the court to sit down (sonkyo). Wakare: This is a term used by the referee to tell the fighters to separate when they have exchanged swords or fought for too long. The fighters should separate immediately and assume the middle stance. Effective Strike: To strike the effective point with the effective striking part of the bamboo sword accurately under the condition of chi merging, and to strike with a residual heart after hitting is called effective strike. Score: Ichimoku (also referred to as Ippon/one point/one branch). * The part of the bamboo sword that is used for striking: the blade of the object to be struck, and the object to be struck from the tip of the sword to the center of the knot. * Effective Striking Points: The face [from the left temple to the right temple], the small hand [the front part of the glove], the left and right sides of the torso [excluding the heart], and the thrust [the throat]. If the opponent remains in the mid-range state when the attack is made, the attack is not considered effective. A hit to the opponent's left hand while the opponent is in mid-stance is not considered a valid hit. When a player makes a valid hit, the referee will call the name of the effective part and raise a flag to indicate it, at which point the player should return to the center of the court in a mid-range stance and wait for the referee to announce the score and continue the match.

Chapter 3: Prohibited Behavior

1. Contestants may not take illegal drugs; 2. Contestants may not insult the referee or the opponent; 3. Use of equipment other than those specified in the rules; * If a contestant violates 1, 2, or 3, the opponent will win the match immediately, and the contestant's score will be equal to zero; 4. Walking out of the arena during the match; 5. Falling out of a match with a sword; 6. Suspension of the match without a valid reason; 7. Intentionally suspending a match; 8. Suspending the match; 7. Deliberately striking an opponent's foot; 8. Deliberately/unfairly throwing an opponent out of the ring; 9. Placing or catching an opponent's hand on the arm; 10. Catching an opponent's or one's own blade with the hand; 11. Holding an opponent's sword in one's arm; 12. Deliberately striking an opponent's shoulder; 13. Pretending to grope after falling; 14. Deliberately wasting time in the match; 15. Making an unfair attack; * If a contestant If a competitor violates 4-15, he/she will normally receive a reduction in points; 16. Violates any other rules that may be specified at the time of the different tournaments.

These are the rules of the tournament.