What are the intangible cultural heritages of China?

1. Kunqu is one of the oldest extant Chinese theater genres, originating in the Ming Dynasty (14th-17th centuries AD). The singing of Kunqu is highly artistic and has had a great influence on all modern Chinese theater genres, such as Sichuan Opera and Peking Opera. Kunqu performances include singing, reciting, acting, playing and dancing, which are also the basic subjects for training Peking Opera actors.

2, iron painting, also known as iron flower, Anhui Wuhu specialty, for China's unique style of one of the handicrafts. Iron painting is a low carbon steel as raw material, iron and iron wire forging and welding into a variety of decorative paintings. It will folk paper-cutting, carving, inlay and other art techniques into one, the use of Chinese painting chapter, black and white contrast, a combination of real and imaginary, another interesting.

3, Jiashan field song is a variety of Wu song, Jiashan field song is a unique form of song in Zhejiang Province, is the past laborers to seek solace, express thoughts and feelings of the song. There are solo songs, duets and songs sung by three, five, seven and nine people in the form of song classes, the most common is to make a long story of local love stories and sing them everywhere. The tunes of the field songs include "Dropping Sound", "Big Head Song", "Sheep Morning Head", and "Falling Rice-planting Song", The "flat tune", "urgent song", "small fast board" and so on.

4. Fengyang Flower Drums, also known as "Flower Drums", "Playing Flower Drums", "Flower Drums and Small Gongs", "Double Drums", etc., are a kind of music that integrates the music of the Chinese people. "and so on, is a set of music and song and dance as one of the folk performing arts, but the most important and famous form of singing and singing performances, generally believed to have been formed in the Ming Dynasty. Fengyang Flower Drum is mainly distributed in the area of townships such as Yuandeng and Xiaoxihe in Fengyang County. The performance form of its musical form is accompanied by one or two people striking small drums and small gongs, dancing and singing at the same time. Historically, artists used it as a means of begging, and the Fengyang Flower Drums spread all over the country. During the Kangxi and Qianlong years of the Qing Dynasty, many poems and writings of literati recorded the lively scenes of singing and dancing during the performances of Fengyang Flower Drums. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the dance element gradually faded out from the folkloric Fengyang Flower Drums, and only the singing part remained, which was divided into two forms: "sitting and singing" and "singing at the door".

5, "Dong Da Song", originated in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, now has a history of more than 2,500 years, is in the Dong region of China, a multi-voice, no conductor, unaccompanied, natural chorus of folk choral form. 1986, in Paris, France, Golden Autumn Festival, Liping, Guizhou, Dong Da Song, once unveiled, the skills of the four shocked, is considered to be the "clear spring-like music, sweeping through the ancient dream The song has been recognized as "music that sparkles like a clear spring, a melody that skims the edge of the ancient dream".

6. The Year of the Qiang is a traditional festival of the Qiang people in Sichuan Province, China, celebrated on the first day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar. During the festival, the Qiang people worship the gods of heaven and pray for prosperity. Under the careful guidance of the Shibi (priest), the villagers, dressed in their festive attire, hold a solemn ceremony of sacrificing the mountain and killing sheep for the gods. Then, the villagers will dance the leather drum and Sarang dance under the guidance of Sakbi.

7, China's braided beam wooden arch bridge construction technology is the use of log materials, the use of traditional wood construction tools and manual techniques, the use of "braided beams" and other core technologies, mortise and tenon joints and constructed into an extremely stable arch bridge technology system. The construction of the wooden arch bridge is directed by a master carpenter and operated by other carpenters.

8. "Maisihefu" is widely circulated in Xinjiang, and due to the different regions, it manifests itself in rich and varied forms, and is the main cultural space for practicing Uyghur traditional customs and displaying Uyghur muqam, folk songs, dances, musicals, dramas, acrobatics, games, oral literature and so on, and it is the main occasion for the people to pass on and carry forward their ethical morals, folk rituals and cultural and artistic activities, and the main occasion for Uyghur It is an important part of traditional festivals and folklore activities.

9, Fu ship, is the Fujian, Zhejiang coastal area of the pointed bottom of the ancient sea boat collectively. The boat is flat as a balance, the lower side like a knife, the bottom tip of the upper broad, the head tip tail wide two heads, the whole body contains the factors of beauty, exudes a tantalizing charm. The so-called "watertight compartments" is the use of bulkheads to divide the cabin into compartments that do not communicate with each other, the number of compartments has 13, there are also 8. This ship structure is a major invention of China in shipbuilding, which has improved the ship's anti-submergence performance, but also increased the safety performance of the voyage. The Zhangwan Fukuship has taken its mantle and has a distinctive character, a lineage that still exists. Today, it is an endangered folk handicraft, one of China's masterpieces.

10, wooden printing was once common in the Wenzhou area. Wooden movable-type printing inherited by the Wang family in Dongyuan Village, Pingyangkeng Town, Rui'an, has become one of the very few places in China where it has been preserved intact and is still in use, with a history of more than 800 years so far. It has completely inherited the traditional craftsmanship of ancient China, and is the physical evidence that movable type printing originated from China, which can be called the living fossil of ancient printing.

Expanded Information:

As of December 2013, China has been inscribed on the As of December 2013, the total number of items on UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage list had reached 37, making China the country with the largest number of "intangible cultural heritage" items in the world.

On December 7, 2017, at a meeting of UNESCO's World Heritage Committee in Jeju Island, South Korea, the famous Neapolitan pizza-making in southern Italy was selected as an "intangible cultural heritage" of mankind by the World Heritage Committee of the United Nations. ".

According to the Law of the People's Republic of China on Intangible Cultural Heritage, the intangible cultural heritage refers to the traditional cultural expressions that have been handed down from generation to generation by the peoples and are regarded as an integral part of their cultural heritage, as well as the physical objects and places associated with the traditional cultural expressions.

The intangible cultural heritage includes: (1) traditional oral literature and the language that serves as its carrier; (2) traditional fine arts, (plum blossom seal script) calligraphy, music, dance, drama, performing arts and acrobatics; (3) traditional skills, medicine and calendars; (4) traditional rituals, festivals and other folklore; (5) traditional sports and amusement games; and (6) other intangible cultural heritage. Where objects and places that are part of the intangible cultural heritage are cultural relics, the relevant provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics shall apply.

Reference:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Intangible Cultural Heritage