What are the major categories of national music

I don't know if I'm referring to folk music or traditional Chinese music

Folk Music: Classification of National Music

National instrumental music is traditionally divided into two categories, namely "singles" and "suites". A single song is mostly a single independent song. Suites are made up of a number of songs or independent passages. Such as the North and South School of pipa thirteen sets of large songs, Jinbei eight sets, and so on. According to the type of musical structure, there are mainly variations, cycles, combinations and syntheses, among which variations and combinations are the most common.

Variation techniques are widely used in the composition. Folk artists in a song repeatedly played, good at using a variety of playing techniques on the melody of the flower decoration and the formation of variations, such as the "happy meeting" (flute), "wedding song" (suona song) and so on. "Slowing down and adding flowers" is also a commonly used variation technique, which doubles the structure of the "mother song" while adding flowers for decoration. For example, "Song of Joy" (Jiangnan Silk Bamboo), "South Embroidered Lotus Bags" (Two People's Tablet Song), "Liu Qingniang" (Chaozhou String Poem) and other music pieces all place the "slow down and add flowers" passage before the "mother song". Another variation technique is to change the structure of the theme. For example, the theme of the erhu piece "The Moon Reflecting in the Two Springs" is expanded and tightened before, during or at the end of the subsequent five variations. In the pipa piece "Yangchunbaixue", the "Tiezeban Sheng" (sound of iron plates) is inverted in the structural order. This kind of structural order change is more common in the gongs and drums section.

Since the 1920s, Liu Tianhua and Nie Er have done some work on the inheritance and development of national instrumental music. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, music workers continued to organize, process and adapt all kinds of fine traditional repertoire, so that the original spirit of the music has been more perfect performance, while also emerging a large number of new works. As for the reform of musical instruments, great progress was made in the unification of meter, the improvement of sound quality, the expansion of volume, the convenience of transposition, the increase of bass, etc., and new varieties of music such as large-scale national orchestra ensembles were produced, which made a new development in both content and form.

Traditional Chinese music: we can see the word "national music" in many folk music CDs, which refers to the music that has been handed down from ancient times and developed in modern times as "national essence". "

"New music" refers to the music written by those who have studied western music, such as the music songs of the school, which can be seen in the creation time of new music. was after the Opium War in 1840.

The term "Chinese music" refers not only to music handed down from ancient times, but also to music composed and adapted by Chinese people according to Western theories.

"Traditional Chinese music" refers to the music created by Chinese people using their own methods and forms, and characterized by their own forms, including not only the ancient works produced in history and handed down to the present day, but also contemporary works. It can be seen that traditional music includes "national music" but not "new music", but they are all "Chinese music".

Traditional music is an extremely important part of China's national music, and the difference between traditional music and new music does not lie in the sequence of the time of creation, but in the form of its expression and stylistic features. For example, the erhu solo piece "Two Fountains Reflecting the Moon" and "Fishing Boat Singing in the Evening" are recent musical works, but their performance forms are inherent in the Chinese nation, so they are also traditional music. On the contrary, the school music song, piano solo piece "shepherd boy piccolo" and so on because of its music form characteristics borrowed from Western music, so it is not traditional music.