The evolution of several divisions in the ancient history of China.

There were three major cultural integrations in the history of China, including two major cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. For the first time, from the ancient tribal culture to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a hundred schools of thought contended. By the Han Dynasty, a hundred schools of thought contended and were ousted, thus completing the unification of Chinese national culture. The second time, Indian Buddhism was introduced into China since the Han and Wei Dynasties, and it was digested and absorbed in the Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties, forming Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties, where Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism were integrated. The first two Confucianists achieved decisive victory in cultural conflict and integration, and became the dominant force of China's traditional culture for more than two thousand years. However, the third cultural conflict is the gradual retreat of Confucianism. Although western culture was gradually introduced into China as early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it did have an impact on the traditional feudalism in China.

The ideological trend of modern western socialist culture was around the Opium War. After the Reform Movement, the Revolution of 1911 and the May 4th New Essays.

The cultural movement has formed a cultural debate between China and the West. The essence of the argument is actually the conflict between tradition and modernization.

The first section looks at the third turning point of Confucianism & the conflict between tradition and modernity from the perspective of hermeneutics and cultural philosophy.

If we look at the three major turning points of China culture and traditional Confucianism from the perspective of hermeneutics and cultural philosophy, we will find that it is the process of forming a complete system of Chinese national culture, from ancient tribal and regional culture to official learning culture in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and then to the decline of official learning and the rise of private learning in the Spring and Autumn Period. In the Warring States period, Confucianism, Mohism, Taoism, fame, dharma, Yin and Yang, military strategists, farmers, novelists, and miscellaneous scholars contended with each other in hundred schools of thought. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, Huang Laozhi and Confucianism competed for hegemony, and in the Western Han Dynasty, hundreds of Confucianism were ousted. As the saying goes, long-term harmony and long-term separation will eventually form the ideological system of Chinese culture. In this process, each school has its own characteristics from the unification of characters, the interpretation of ancient classics and the innovation of ideas. However, it is no accident that Confucianism finally gained the dominant position. Although Confucius traveled around the world and hit a wall everywhere, he had already attracted the attention of governors and doctors from all sides in the Mencius era. In the Han Dynasty, Dong Zhongshu's philosophy was designated as the official theory, because Confucianism was the ideology and culture of maintaining the unity of feudal countries on the basis of family-style agricultural economy. The so-called "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" is by no means like Qin Shihuang burning books to bury Confucianism, but based on Confucianism.