What are the folk songs in northern Shaanxi?

Folk songs in northern Shaanxi are traditional folk songs in northern Shaanxi, which are divided into three categories: labor chant, belief in heaven and minor. Labor songs include tamping songs, smashing songs, quarrying songs, cattle songs and playing songs. Xintianyou can be divided into high-pitched cavity and flat cavity. These traditional folk songs, each with its own genre and characteristics, reflect all aspects of social life and sing the joys and sorrows of the people in northern Shaanxi. When the social system changes fundamentally, the content and form of folk songs also change. This change is reflected in the new social life and new characters in content, and it also gives new meanings to various genres. [ 1]

In June 2008, with the approval of the State Council, the folk songs of northern Shaanxi declared by Yulin City and Yan 'an City in Shaanxi Province were included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.

Because folk songs in northern Shaanxi are produced in productive labor, there are many works ranging from small two-sentence structure to large multi-paragraph structure. Two sentence patterns and four sentence patterns are the most common creative forms of folk songs in northern Shaanxi. The upper and lower sentences form a paragraph, and the two sentences rhyme freely. The basic number of words in each sentence is seven words, such as "Three Mile Shop", "Man' s Tone" and "A pair of hairy-eyed brothers". However, due to the need of lyricism and narration, the seven-character sentence structure is sometimes expanded, with more words and an expanded three-sentence or five-sentence structure. Some folk songs in northern Shaanxi have changed in structure and speech speed to varying degrees with the repeated use of multi-paragraph words, forming a large structure with rich changes and fluency. Such as "Five Brothers Grazing Sheep" and "Shandandan bloom Red". In a word, the folk songs in northern Shaanxi are flexible and rich in structure, eclectic and wide in content.

Classification of folk songs

I. Types of Northern Shaanxi Folk Songs According to the content, form and genre of singing, Northern Shaanxi Folk Songs can be roughly divided into chant, belief in Heaven and minor.

Folk songs in northern Shaanxi

mark

Chant is a kind of folk song directly accompanying labor, which is usually sung in collective labor. Shaanxi chant mainly includes Yellow River boat chant and rammed chant. The Yellow River originates in Qinghai, flows through Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia provinces, and flows downstream along the Shanxi-Shaanxi Grand Canyon in Fugu County, northern Shaanxi. Most boatmen travel between Shanxi and Shaanxi, making a living by ferry and short-distance transportation. The most famous yellow river boatman song is the yellow river boatman song.

Tamping and smashing (also called smashing) are important forms of labor in the northern Shaanxi Plateau. There are many earthwork projects in northern Shaanxi, so it is necessary to lift rammers and smash stones to build kilns and dams. Therefore, tamping songs have become a common form of singing in labor songs in northern Shaanxi, and these two songs are only a unified labor action when smashing foundation or piling. The representative songs of tamping songs are "Tune in" and "Play Slowly and Gently". The representative songs of the trumpeter are "The Beauty of this Melody" and "The elder sister in the village is delicious".

xintianyou

Xintianyou is the most important and representative folk song genre in northern Shaanxi. The tune of Xintianyou consists of two phrases. The first sentence is relatively open, with a relatively high range and a relatively large musical span. The second sentence is relatively closed, and the melody twists and turns downward, showing narrative characteristics. The tunes of Xintianyou can be roughly divided into two types, one is a folk song with high-pitched and open tone and relatively free rhythm, and the other is a minor tune with gentle tone, well-balanced rhythm and rigorous structure. The former's representative tracks include The Man's Tune and Lanhuahua, while the latter's representative tracks include Everyone says we are both good, Your mother can't hit you, and so on. Xintianyou is a kind of folk song bred in the Loess Plateau, which has strong randomness, creativity, singing, unrestricted and expressive force. Its names are varied, and it is called "folk song", "climbing mountain tune" and "walking along the sky" in different places. Xintianyou is the essence of northern Shaanxi, which can best reflect the gloomy, desolate and magnificent "personality" of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi. Its singing has a strong sense of space, high-pitched and unrestrained, deep and simple, free and simple rhythm, and pays attention to the description of inner feelings, which is simple and sincere, so it can break through time and space and spread from generation to generation.

ditty

Minor, also known as ditty, has a regular structure, euphemistic and smooth tunes, and is characterized by twists and turns and delicate performance. Shaanxi minor can be divided into general minor, Sixian minor, Yangko minor, custom minor and singing tune. Minor is an urban folk song that has been artistically processed by folk artists. It has a wide range and a relatively complete structure. It is a more artistic type of folk songs in northern Shaanxi. Such as Walking West, Sanlipu, Langong Tune, etc. Its language is vivid and simple, its tune is beautiful and euphemistic, its feelings are deep and sincere, and its feelings are nuanced.